The Effects of Reinforcement Ratio on Flexural Behavior in Hybrid (GFRP-Steel) Reinforced Concrete Beams

Year 2021, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 1109 - 1119, 01.09.2021

Nalan Kaya , Eda Avanoğlu Şule Er , Yağmur Kopraman , Alper Büyükkaragoz

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.817398

Abstract

In this study, flexural behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete beams were investigated theoretically and by the finite element method. Within the scope of the study, beams with identical geometry and concrete compressive strength; designed as having different reinforcement ratios. The results obtained from the theoretical work and finite element method were commentated by using load-displacement curves, load carrying capacities and strain indices. The effects of the fibrous polymer / steel ratio (Af / As) on the stiffness, strength and midpoint displacement of the beams were investigated. In addition, the effects of reinforcement ratio on load carrying capacity and deformability indexes were investigated.

Keywords

FRP, GFRP, finite element analysis, reinforcement ratio, deformability index

Hibrit (GFRP-Çelik) Donatılı Kirişlerde Donatı Oranının Eğilme Davranışına Etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada hibrit donatılı kirişlerin eğilme davranışları teorik olarak ve sonlu eleman yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında özdeş geometri ve beton basınç dayanımına sahip kirişler; farklı donatı oranına sahip olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Teorik çalışma ve sonlu eleman yönteminden elde edilen sonuçlar yük-yer değiştirme eğrileri, yük taşıma kapasiteleri ve şekil değiştirme indeksleri kullanılarak yorumlanmıştır. Lifli polimer/çelik oranının (Af/As) kirişlerin rijitliği, dayanımı ve orta nokta deplasmanları üzerine yaptığı etkiler incelenmiştir. Ayrıca donatı oranının yük taşıma kapasitesi ve şekil değiştirme indeksleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır.

Keywords

FRP, GFRP, sonlu eleman yöntemi, donatı oranı, şekil değiştirme indeksi

References

• [1] Lau, D., Pam, H. J., “Experimental study of hybrid FRP reinforced concrete beams”. Engineering Structures, 32; 3857-3865, (2010).
• [2] Yinghao, L., Yong, Y., “Arrangement of hybrid rebars on flexural behavior of HSC beams”. Composites: Part B, 45, 22-31, (2013).
• [3] El Refai, A., Abed, F., Al-Rahmani, A., “Structural performance and serviceability of concrete beams reinforced with hybrid (GFRP and steel) bars”. Construction and Building Materials, 96; 518-529, (2015).
• [4] Kara, İ. F., Ashour, A. F., Köroğlu, M. A., “Flexural behavior of hybrid FRP/steel reinforced concrete beams”. Composite Structures, 129, 111-121. (2015).
• [5] Pang, L., Qu, W., Zhu, P., Xu, J., “Design Propositions for Hybrid FRP-Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams.” Journal of Composites for Construction, 20(4), (2016).
• [6] Bencardino, F., Condello, A., Ombres, L., “Numerical and analytical modeling of concrete beams with steel reinforcements”. Composites Structures, 140; 53-65, (2016).
• [7] Qin, R., Zhou, A., Lau, D., “Effect of reinforcement ratio on the flexural performance of hybrid FRP reinforced concrete beams”. Composites Part B, 108, 200-209, (2017).
• [8] Fahmy, Mohamed F. M.; Abd-ElShafy, Zainab E.; Wu, Zhishen., “Experimental and numerical evaluation of the shear behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams with hybrid steel-FRP stirrups”. Journal of Composites For Construction, 21(4), 04017007, (2017).
• [9] Araba, A. M., Ashour, A. F., “Flexural performance of hybrid GFRP-Steel reinforced concrete continuous beams”. Composites Part B, 154: 321–336, (2018).
• [10] Xingyu, G., Yiqing, D., Jiwang, J., “Flexural behavior investigation of steel-GFRP hybrid-reinforced concrete beams based on experimental and numerical methods”. Engineering Structures, 206, 110117, (2020).
• [11] Xiangjie, R., Chunhua, L., Ke, X., “Flexural behavior and serviceability of concrete beams hybrid-reinforced with GFRP bars and steel bars.” Composite Structures, 235, 111772, (2020).
• [12] Maranan, G.B., Manalo, A.C., Benmokrane, B., Karunasena, W., Mendis, P., Nguyen, T. Q., “Flexural behavior of geopolymer-concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with GFRP and steel hybrid reinforcements”. Engineering Structures, 182: 141–152, (2019).
• [13] Abdelkarima, O. I., Ahmeda, E. A., Mohameda, H. M., Benmokrane, B., “Flexural strength and serviceability evaluation of concrete beams reinforced with deformed GFRP bars”. Engineering Structures, 186: 282-296, (2019).
• [14] Ge, W., Song, W., Ashour, A. F., Lu, W., Cao, D., “Flexural performance of FRP/steel hybrid reinforced engineered cementitious composite beams”. Journal of Building Engineering, 31: 101329, (2020).
• [15] Buyukkaragoz A., Kalkan İ, Lee, J. H., “A numerıcal study of the flexural behavıor of concrete beams reınforced wıth afrp bars”. Strength of Materials, 45: 716-729, (2013).
• [16] “ANSYS Mechanical APDL 14 Theory Guide”, Ansys Inc., (2015).
• [17] Hognestad, E., “A study of combined bending and axial load in reinforced concrete members.” University of Illinois Bulletin. Vol. 49, no. 22., (1951).
• [18] William, K. J., Warnke, E. D., “Constitutive model for the triaxial behavior of concrete”. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineers Proceedings, Cilt 19, 174-203. (1975).
• [19] TS-500, “Betonarme yapıların tasarım ve yapım kuralları”, (2000).
• [20] ACI 440-R15, “Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with Fiber- Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars”. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. (2015).