Kedi Tüyü Alerjisi Olan Çocukların Klinik Özelliklerinin Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 72 - 76, 29.10.2024

Seda Çevik , Ugur Altas , Mehmet Yaşar Özkars

https://doi.org/10.21765/pprjournal.1521329

Abstract

Amaç: Kedi alerjisi, alerjik hastalıklar arasında önemli bir yer tutmaktadır ve genetik faktörlerin yanı sıra çevresel etkenlerin de bu duyarlılığı etkilediği bilinmektedir. Evde kedi bulundurmanın, özellikle duyarlı bireylerde sensitizasyon riskini artırdığı bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklarda kedi duyarlılığı olanların klinik özelliklerini retrospektif olarak değerlendirmektir.
Metod: Bu tanımlayıcı retrospektif çalışmada, Haziran 2023 - Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında kliniğe başvuran 0-18 yaş arası kedi duyarlılığı tanısı konmuş çocuklar incelenmiştir. Hastane veritabanından elde edilen veriler kullanılarak, klinik özellikler, total IgE, eozinofil sayısı, spesifik IgE değerleri ve deri prick test sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 76 kedi duyarlılığı olan çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Ortalama yaşları 7'dir ve %56.6'sı erkektir. En sık tanılar astım (%63.2) ve alerjik rinit (%31.6) olarak belirlenmiştir. Hastaların %100'ünde kedi duyarlılığı pozitif bulunurken, %78.9'unda ev tozu akarı, %14.5'inde polen duyarlılığı saptanmıştır. Çoklu alerji olan hastaların total IgE düzeyleri, olmayanlardan anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Çalışma, kedi duyarlılığı olan çocuklarda ek alerjen duyarlılığının sık görüldüğünü ve en yaygın tanıların alerjik rinit ve astım olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgular, mevcut literatürle tutarlıdır ve alerjik hastalıkların klinik yönetiminde total IgE'nin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

kedi alerjisi, ev tozu akarı, polen, alerjik rinit

Retrospective Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics of Children with Cat Sensitivity

Abstract

Aims: Cat allergy has an important place among allergic diseases and it is known that environmental factors as well as genetic factors affect sensitisation. It has been reported that having a cat at home increases the risk of sensitisation, especially in susceptible individuals. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical features of cat sensitisation in children.
Methods: In this descriptive retrospective study, children aged 0-18 years with cat sensitisation who were admitted to the clinic between June 2023 and December 2023 were examined. Clinical characteristics, total IgE, eosinophil count, specific IgE values and skin prick test results were retrospectively evaluated using data obtained from the hospital database.
Results: The study included 76 children with cat sensitisation. The mean age was 7 years and 56.6% were male. The most common diagnoses were asthma (63.2%) and allergic rhinitis (31.6%). Cat sensitisation was positive in 100% of the patients, house dust mite sensitisation was found in 78.9% and pollen sensitisation in 14.5%. Total IgE levels of patients with multiple allergies were significantly higher than those without multiple allergies.
Conclusion: The study showed that additional allergen sensitisation was common in children with cat sensitisation and the most common diagnoses were allergic rhinitis and asthma. The findings are consistent with the existing literature and emphasise the importance of total IgE in the clinical management of allergic diseases.

Keywords

Cat allergy, house dust mite, pollen, allergic rhinitis

References

• 1. Celebi Sozener Z, Ozdel Ozturk B, Cerci P, et al. Epithelial barrier hypothesis: effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease. Allergy. 2022;77(5):1418-49.
• 2. Cecchi L, D’Amato G, Annesi-Maesano I. External exposome and allergic respiratory and skin diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(3):846-57.
• 3. Pate CA, Zahran HS, Malilay J, Hsu J. The shifting prevalence of asthma and allergic disease in US children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022;129(4):481-9.
• 4. Satyaraj E, Wedner HJ, Bousquet J. Keep the cat, change the care pathway: A transformational approach to managing Fel d 1, the major cat allergen. Allergy 2019;74 Suppl 107 (Suppl 107):5-17.
• 5. Grönlund H, Adédoyin J, Reininger R, et al. Higher immunoglobulin E antibody levels to recombinant Fel d 1 in cat-allergic children with asthma compared with rhinoconjunctivitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2008;38(8):1275-81.
• 6. Portnoy J, Kennedy K, Sublett J, et al. Environmental assessment and exposure control: a practice parameter--furry animals. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012;108(4):223.e1-223.15.
• 7. Wood RA, Phipatanakul W, Hamilton RG, Eggleston PA. A comparison of skin prick tests, intradermal skin tests, and RASTs in the diagnosis of cat allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;103(5 Pt 1):773-9.
• 8. Warner JA, Little SA, Pollock I, Longbottom JL, Warner JO. The influence of exposure to house dust mite, cat, polen and fungal allergens in the home on primary sensitization in asthma. Pediatric Allergy Immunol 1990;1(2):79-86.
• 9. Dávila I, Domínguez-Ortega J, Navarro-Pulido A, et al. Consensus document on dog and cat allergy. Allergy 2018; 73 (6): 1206-1222.
• 10. Liccardi G, Passalacqua G, Salzillo A, et al. Is sensitization to furry animals an independent allergic phenotype in nonoccupationally exposed individuals?. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21(2):137-41.
• 11. Butt A, Rashid D, Lockey RF. Do hypoallergenic cats and dogs exist?. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012;108(2):74-6.
• 12. Altaş U, Çiçek F, Meva Altaş Z, Sağlam N, Özkars MY. Evaluation of clinical characteristics of children with cat allergy. Ann Clin Anal Med 2023;14(Suppl 3):S239-242.
• 13. Park Y-B, Mo E-K, Lee J-Y, et al. Association between pet ownership and the sensitization to pet allergens in adults with various allergic diseases. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2013;5(5):295-300.
• 14. Kaya MŞ, Atay Ö, Haci İA, et al. The importance of skin prick test in differentiating cat sensitivities and allergies in children. Turk J Med Sci. 2023;53(4):865-71.
• 15. Kulalert P, Sritipsukho P, Nanthapisal S, Poachanukoon O. Concordance of skin test reactivity between indoor inhalant allergens among children with allergic respiratory disease. BMC Pediatr. 2021;21(1):1-7.
• 16. Aytokgil SB, Metbulut AP, Giniş T, Toyran M, Civelek E, Misirlioğlu ED. Cat allergy in children and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2022;43(5):e31-9.
• 17. Severcan EU, Başkaya N, Ertuğrul A, Emeksiz ZŞ, Bostancı İ. Characteristics of children with cat sensitivity: a prospective cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2023;53(1):360-5.