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Adaption of the Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale (LIRS) to Turkish

Year 2023, , 545 - 557, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1395957

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate how loneliness is experienced in intimate relationships adapt, validate and assess the reliability of the Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale developed by Rokach, Sha'ked and Ben-Artzi (2022) for Turkish culture. The study group consists of 363 participants (229 females, 124 males) selected through an appropriate sampling method, ranging in age from 18 to 54.The translation-back-translation method was used during the process of translating the scale into Turkish. This scale consists of three factors with 14 items: separation, hurt, and guilt. The factor structure of the original scale was examined through confirmatory factor analysis, and it was found that the model exhibited acceptable fit. According to the analysis results, item factor loadings ranged from .46 to .64, showing variability. The reliability analysis resulted in a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of .85 to establish the validity of the scale for the sample, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised-II Scale were administered to a total of 123 individuals. Based on the analysis, it can be said that the original scale has acceptable criterion-related validity based on its positive relationship with anxious attachment and depression. The results of the study indicate that the Turkish version of the Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale has validity and reliability properties, making it suitable for use in scientific studies conducted in Türkiye.

References

  • Akgül, H. (2020). Yetişkinler İçin Sosyal ve Duygusal Yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin (SELSA-S) Türk kültürüne uyarlaması: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. [Adapting Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale(Selsa-S) to Turkish culture: Relevance and reliability]. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Journal of Yalova Social Science].Yalova Journal of Social Sciences, 10(21), 54-69.
  • Collins, W. A., Welsh, D. P., & Furman, W.(2009). Adolescent romantic relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 631-652. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163459
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Edam Publications.
  • Demirbaş, B., & Haşit, G. (2016). İş yerinde yalnızlık ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: Akademisyenler üzerine bir uygulama [Loneliness at workplace and its effect on the intention to leave: an application on the academicians]. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences], 16(1), 137-158.
  • Erbaş, S. (2019). “Facebook Yalnızlık Rehabilite Merkezi mi?”[Is facebook a rehabilitation center?]. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi [Çukurova University Journal of Social Sciences Institute], 28(1), 1-16.
  • Geçtan, E. (2014). İnsan olmak [Being human]. İstanbul, Türkiye: Remzi Publishing House.
  • Güren, A. S. (2017). Evli ve çocuk sahibi çiftlerin evlilik uyumu, evlilik çatışması, yakın ilişki düzeyi ve yalnızlık düzeylerinin çocuk yetiştirme tutumları ile ilişkisi (Master dissertation). [The relation between the levels of marital adjustment, marital conflict, affiliation and loneliness of married couples having children and their attitude in child rearing]. Elicited from the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education. (Thesis No. 469563).
  • Hacıoğlu, A. Ş. G. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin ilişki doyumunun ilişki inançları, beden ve kendilik algısı ile kişilerarası yetkinlik değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi (Master dissertation). [Examining relationship satisfaction of university students according to relationship beliefs, body and self perception and interpersonal competence]. Elicited from the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education. (Thesis No. 581740).
  • Inanç, A., & Eksi, H. (2022). Adaptation of RULS-6 loneliness scale (6-item short form) into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Contemporary Educational Researches Journal, 12(4), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v12i4.7466
  • Jones, W. H., & Hebb, L. (2003). The experience of loneliness: Objective and subjective factors. The International Scope Rewiew, 5(9), 41-62.
  • Kaşıkcı, F., & Zaferoğlu-Kaşıkcı, M.(2021). Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Positive Solitude Scale in Turkish samples. [Conference presentation]. The 22th International Counseling and Guidance Psychology Congress, Muş, Türkiye.
  • Kavaklı, M.(2019). Psikolojik dışlanma ve sosyal dışlanma arasındaki farklılık: Benlik değeri, yalnızlık ve genel aidiyet duygusu üzerindeki etkileri [The difference between ostracism and social exclusion: The effects on self-esteem, loneliness and general belongingness emotion]. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Black Sea Journal of Social Sciences], 11(20), 45-55.
  • Rokach, A.(2007). Loneliness and intimate partner violence: Antecedents of alienation of abused women. Social Work in Health Care. https://doi.org/10.1300/J010v45n01_02
  • Rokach, A., & Goldberg, J. O.(2021). From loneliness to belonging-The path we hope to take. Frontiers in Psychology. 12, 761440. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.761440
  • Rokach, A., Sha’ked, A., & Ben-Artzi, E.(2022). Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale(LIRS): Development and Validation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12970.
  • Sarıçam, H. (2023). COVID-19 Sonrası Yetişkinlerde Yalnızlık: UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği Kısa Formu’nun (UYÖKF-6) Psikometrik Özellikleri [Loneliness in the Adults After COVID-19: Psychometric Properties of the UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form (UCLA LSSF-6)]. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Iğdır University Journal of Social Sciences], (32),1-17. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1066242
  • Selçuk, E., Gunaydin G, Sümer N, & Uysal A (2005). Yetişkin bağlanma boyutları için yeni bir ölçüm: Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri II'nin Türk örnekleminde psikometrik açıdan değerlendirilmesi [A New Scale Developed to Measure Adult Attachment Dimensions: Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) - Psychometric Evaluation in a Turkish Sample]. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları [Turkish Psychology Articles], 8(16), 1-11.
  • Sezen, D.(2020). Yalnızlık olgusu ve evlilikte yalnızlık açısından bir model oyun Shirley Valentine. [A model game Shirley Valentine in terms of the concept of aonality and the case of loneliness in marriage](Master dissertation, Bahçeşehir University,Türkiye). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
  • Çelikbaş, B. & Tatar, A. (2021). Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Yalnızlık Tercihi Ölçeği ve Sosyal İzolasyon Ölçeği: Geliştirme ve ilk geçerlik çalışmaları. [Lonelıness scale, solitude scale and socıal isolation scale: development and initial validation studies] International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 7(43), 665-676. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.847
  • Ünlü, F.(2015). Ebeveyni boşanmış bireylerde; benlik saygısı, yalnızlık ve bağlanma stilleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Analysis of individuals in self esteem, loneliness and attachment styles, who have divorced parents].(Master's Thesis, Haliç University, Istanbul, Türkiye). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
  • Weiss, R. (1975). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. MIT press.
Year 2023, , 545 - 557, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1395957

Abstract

References

  • Akgül, H. (2020). Yetişkinler İçin Sosyal ve Duygusal Yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin (SELSA-S) Türk kültürüne uyarlaması: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. [Adapting Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale(Selsa-S) to Turkish culture: Relevance and reliability]. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Journal of Yalova Social Science].Yalova Journal of Social Sciences, 10(21), 54-69.
  • Collins, W. A., Welsh, D. P., & Furman, W.(2009). Adolescent romantic relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 631-652. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163459
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Edam Publications.
  • Demirbaş, B., & Haşit, G. (2016). İş yerinde yalnızlık ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: Akademisyenler üzerine bir uygulama [Loneliness at workplace and its effect on the intention to leave: an application on the academicians]. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences], 16(1), 137-158.
  • Erbaş, S. (2019). “Facebook Yalnızlık Rehabilite Merkezi mi?”[Is facebook a rehabilitation center?]. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi [Çukurova University Journal of Social Sciences Institute], 28(1), 1-16.
  • Geçtan, E. (2014). İnsan olmak [Being human]. İstanbul, Türkiye: Remzi Publishing House.
  • Güren, A. S. (2017). Evli ve çocuk sahibi çiftlerin evlilik uyumu, evlilik çatışması, yakın ilişki düzeyi ve yalnızlık düzeylerinin çocuk yetiştirme tutumları ile ilişkisi (Master dissertation). [The relation between the levels of marital adjustment, marital conflict, affiliation and loneliness of married couples having children and their attitude in child rearing]. Elicited from the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education. (Thesis No. 469563).
  • Hacıoğlu, A. Ş. G. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin ilişki doyumunun ilişki inançları, beden ve kendilik algısı ile kişilerarası yetkinlik değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi (Master dissertation). [Examining relationship satisfaction of university students according to relationship beliefs, body and self perception and interpersonal competence]. Elicited from the National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education. (Thesis No. 581740).
  • Inanç, A., & Eksi, H. (2022). Adaptation of RULS-6 loneliness scale (6-item short form) into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Contemporary Educational Researches Journal, 12(4), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v12i4.7466
  • Jones, W. H., & Hebb, L. (2003). The experience of loneliness: Objective and subjective factors. The International Scope Rewiew, 5(9), 41-62.
  • Kaşıkcı, F., & Zaferoğlu-Kaşıkcı, M.(2021). Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Positive Solitude Scale in Turkish samples. [Conference presentation]. The 22th International Counseling and Guidance Psychology Congress, Muş, Türkiye.
  • Kavaklı, M.(2019). Psikolojik dışlanma ve sosyal dışlanma arasındaki farklılık: Benlik değeri, yalnızlık ve genel aidiyet duygusu üzerindeki etkileri [The difference between ostracism and social exclusion: The effects on self-esteem, loneliness and general belongingness emotion]. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Black Sea Journal of Social Sciences], 11(20), 45-55.
  • Rokach, A.(2007). Loneliness and intimate partner violence: Antecedents of alienation of abused women. Social Work in Health Care. https://doi.org/10.1300/J010v45n01_02
  • Rokach, A., & Goldberg, J. O.(2021). From loneliness to belonging-The path we hope to take. Frontiers in Psychology. 12, 761440. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.761440
  • Rokach, A., Sha’ked, A., & Ben-Artzi, E.(2022). Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale(LIRS): Development and Validation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12970.
  • Sarıçam, H. (2023). COVID-19 Sonrası Yetişkinlerde Yalnızlık: UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği Kısa Formu’nun (UYÖKF-6) Psikometrik Özellikleri [Loneliness in the Adults After COVID-19: Psychometric Properties of the UCLA Loneliness Scale Short Form (UCLA LSSF-6)]. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Iğdır University Journal of Social Sciences], (32),1-17. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.1066242
  • Selçuk, E., Gunaydin G, Sümer N, & Uysal A (2005). Yetişkin bağlanma boyutları için yeni bir ölçüm: Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri II'nin Türk örnekleminde psikometrik açıdan değerlendirilmesi [A New Scale Developed to Measure Adult Attachment Dimensions: Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) - Psychometric Evaluation in a Turkish Sample]. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları [Turkish Psychology Articles], 8(16), 1-11.
  • Sezen, D.(2020). Yalnızlık olgusu ve evlilikte yalnızlık açısından bir model oyun Shirley Valentine. [A model game Shirley Valentine in terms of the concept of aonality and the case of loneliness in marriage](Master dissertation, Bahçeşehir University,Türkiye). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
  • Çelikbaş, B. & Tatar, A. (2021). Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Yalnızlık Tercihi Ölçeği ve Sosyal İzolasyon Ölçeği: Geliştirme ve ilk geçerlik çalışmaları. [Lonelıness scale, solitude scale and socıal isolation scale: development and initial validation studies] International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 7(43), 665-676. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.847
  • Ünlü, F.(2015). Ebeveyni boşanmış bireylerde; benlik saygısı, yalnızlık ve bağlanma stilleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Analysis of individuals in self esteem, loneliness and attachment styles, who have divorced parents].(Master's Thesis, Haliç University, Istanbul, Türkiye). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/
  • Weiss, R. (1975). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. MIT press.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cross-Cultural Scale Adaptation, Family Counseling
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Halil Ekşi 0000-0001-7520-4559

Sevda Kısrık 0009-0005-2255-6944

Early Pub Date December 29, 2023
Publication Date December 30, 2023
Submission Date November 25, 2023
Acceptance Date December 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Ekşi, H., & Kısrık, S. (2023). Adaption of the Loneliness in Intimate Relationships Scale (LIRS) to Turkish. Research on Education and Psychology, 7(3), 545-557. https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1395957

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