(P4) مشكلة التوسع المفرط: تحليل سياسات أمريكا في البحر الأسود من منظور إطار عمل جينتلسون

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 9 - 34, 01.04.2022

Murat Ülgül , İsmail Köse

Abstract

الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية كسائر الدول ترتّب أولوياتها في السياسة الخارجية، فتقدّم بعض الأهداف على المصالح الأخرى في السياسة الخارجية. ومن الناحية التاريخية، كانت إستراتيجية الولايات المتحدة في منطقة البحر الأسود مستقرة ومحدودة وغير طموحة. وقد بدأ تغيير هذه الإستراتيجية الدقيقة خلال إدارة كلينتون في منتصف التسعينيات، عندما بدأت الولايات المتحدة تتبع إطارًا واسعًا للسياسة الخارجية، يشمل جميع المصالح الوطنية الأمريكية، عبر ما عُرِف بنظام جينتلسون للمصالح الوطنية (4 Ps)، [أو نظام الكلّ معًا] الذي صاغه بروس جينتلسون من مزيج (القوة والسلام والازدهار والمبادئ). يَعدّ البحث أن هذا التحول كان إشكاليًّا بسبب عائقين، هما: وهم أحادية القطب، والاستقطاب المتزايد في السياسة الداخلية الأمريكية. وهذا منع الولايات المتحدة من اتباع سياسة فعالة في منطقة البحر الأسود.

Keywords

البحر الأسود, السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية, إدارة كلينتون, Ps4

The Problem of Overextension: Analyzing America's Black Sea Policies through Jentleson's 4 Ps Framework

Abstract

Historically, the U.S. strategy in the Black Sea region has been stable, limited, and not ambitious as American administrations prioritized certain foreign policy objectives over other interests. This careful strategy was transformed during the Clinton Administration in the mid-1990s as the U.S. started following an extensive foreign policy framework, which included all American national interests, formulated by Bruce Jentleson in his 4Ps framework: power, peace, prosperity, and principles. The article argues that this transformation was problematic because of two obstacles the illusion of the unipolar moment and the growing polarization in American domestic politics which prevented the U.S. from following an effective policy in the Black Sea region.

Keywords

U.S. Foreign Policy, Black Sea, Clinton Administration, 4Ps Framework National Interests

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