Comparison of Biofilm Forming Properties of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates
Year 2023,
Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 245 - 249, 10.05.2023
Demet Gür Vural
,
İlknur Bıyık
,
Elif Gülsüm Torun
,
Yeliz Tanrıverdi Çaycı
,
Kemal Bilgin
,
Asuman Bırıncı
Abstract
Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. S. aureus attachment to medical implants and host tissue, and the establishment of a mature biofilm, play an important role in the persistence of chronic infections. The aim of our study was to determine the biofilm forming potential of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates and to observe the difference between them.
Material and Methods: A total of 200 S. aureus strains (100 MRSA, 100 MSSA) obtained from various clinical samples sent to the Microbiology laboratory were included in our study. Identification of isolates was determined by Vitek MS (BioMerieux, France) device and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by Vitek2 Compact (BioMerieux, France) automated system.). Biofilm production was studied using the Microtitration plate method.The biofilm forming ability of MSSA and MRSA strains was statistically examined. Statistical significance level was taken as p<0.05.
Results: We found 51% biofilm formation among all S.aureus strains included in the study. Biofilm formation was observed in 34% of MSSA strains and 68% of MRSA strains. There was a statistically significant difference in biofilm formation between MRSA and MSSA groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We determined that the biofilm forming ability of MRSA strains was significantly higher than MSSA, in our study. MRSA and MSSA strains indicates that these strains have a high ability to persist in the hospital setting and increase the risk of disease development in hospitalized patients.
References
- Santana GS, Lenzi-almeida KC, Lopes V, Alves FA. Biofilm formation in catheter-related infections by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus. International Microbiology. 2016; 19(4): 199-207.
- Arıcı N, Aksaray S. Klinik örneklerden izole edilen staphylococcus aureus suşlarının metisilin direncinin belirlenmesi ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması. ANKEM Derg. 2019; 33(2): 70-6.
- Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Greenberg EP. Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. Science. 1999;284(5418):1318-22.
- Amorena B, Gracia E, Monzon M, Leiva J, Oteiza C, Perez M, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility assay for Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms developed in vitro. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 1999; 44(1): 43-55.
- Szczuka E, Kaznowski A. Antimicrobial activity of tigecycline alone or in combination with rifampin against Staphylococcus epidermidis in biofilm. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2014; 59: 283-8.
- Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay D, Fatma T, Rattan A. Adverse effect of staphylococci slime on in vitro activity of glycopeptides. JJID. 2005; 58: 353-7.
- The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0. 2019. http://eucast.org.
- Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Younger JJ, Baddour LM, Barrett FF, Melton DM, et al. Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices. J Clin Microbiol. 1985; 22(6): 996-1006.
- Milletli Sezgin F. Acinetobacter baumannii izolatlarında biyofilm üretimi ve kolistin duyarlılıklarının biyofilm formasyonunda araştırılması. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun, Uzmanlık Tezi. 2012;33-37.
- Us, D. Serolojik Tanı Yöntemleri. 1. Baskı, Ankara, Hacettepe üniversitesi yayınları. 2006;39.
- Piechota M, Kot B,Maciejewska AF, Gruhewska A, Kosek AW. Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-SensitiveStaphylococcus aureus Strains from Hospitalized Patients in Poland. BioMed Research International Volume, 2018;Article ID 4657396,7 pages.
- Stewart PS, Costerton JW. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms. The Lancet. 2001; 358(9276): 135-8.
- Götz F. Staphylococcusand bioflms. Molecular Microbiology. 2002; 43(6): 1367-78.
- Kim JH, Kim CH, Hacker J, Ziebuhr W, Lee BK, Cho SH. Molecular characterization of regulatory genes associated with biofilm variation in a Staphylococcus aureus strain. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology. 2008; 18(1): 28-34.
- Neopane P, Nepal HP, Shrestha R, Uehara O, Abiko Y. (2018). In vitro biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds of hospital-admitted patients and their association with antimicrobial resistance. International journal of general medicine. 2018; 11: 25.
- Poudel P, Adhikari N, Shah PK. Multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates associated with blood stream infection. ASRJETS. 2015; 14(2): 23-52.
- Samie A, Shivambu N. Biofilm production and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from HIV and AIDS patients in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(65): 14625-36.
- Khan F, Shukla I, Rizvi M, Mansoor T, Sharma SC. Detection of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Does it have a role in treatment of MRSA infections. Trends Med Res. 2011; 6(2): 116-23.
- Cha JO, Yoo JI, Yoo JS, Chung HS, Park SH, Kim HS, et al. Investigation of biofilm formation and its association with the molecular and clinical characteristics of methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013; 4(5): 225-32.
- Baddour LM, Christensen GD, Hester MG, Bisno AL. Production of experimental endocarditis by coagulase-negative staphylococci: variability in species virulence. J Infect Dis. 1984; 150(5): 721-7.
- Şahin R, Kaleli İ. Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarında biyofilm üretiminin genotipik ve fenotipik karakterlerinin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2018; 52(2): 111-22.
- Tong SY, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler VG Jr. Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015; 28(3): 603-61.
- Götz F. S.aueus and biofilms. Mol Microbiol. 2002; 43: 1367-78.
- Elmanama AA, Al-Aydi IM, Al-Reefi MR. Biofilm formation and methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples. The International arabic Journal of antimicrobial agents. 2020; 10: 1-3.
Staphylococcus aureus İzolatlarının Biyofilm Oluşturma Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Year 2023,
Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 245 - 249, 10.05.2023
Demet Gür Vural
,
İlknur Bıyık
,
Elif Gülsüm Torun
,
Yeliz Tanrıverdi Çaycı
,
Kemal Bilgin
,
Asuman Bırıncı
Abstract
Amaç: Staphylococcus aureus, hastane kaynaklı ve toplum kökenli enfeksiyonların önemli bir nedenidir. S. aureus'un tıbbi implantlara ve konak dokuya tutunması ve olgun bir biyofilmin oluşması, kronik enfeksiyonların kalıcılığında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı, metisiline duyarlı S. aureus (MSSA) ve metisiline dirençli S. aureus (MRSA) izolatlarının biyofilm oluşturma potansiyelini belirlemek ve aralarındaki farkı gözlemlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza Mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen çeşitli klinik örneklerden elde edilen toplam 200 S. aureus suşu (100 MRSA ve 100 MSSA) dahil edilmiştir. İzolatların tanımlanması Vitek MS (BioMerieux, Fransa) cihazı ile antibiyotik duyarlılıkları Vitek2 Compakt (BioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemi ile belirlendi. Biyofilm üretimi, Mikrotitrasyon plak yöntemi kullanılarak çalışıldı. MSSA ve MRSA suşlarının biyofilm oluşturma yeteneği istatistiksel olarak incelendi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak alındı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm S.aureus suşları arasında %51 oranında biyofilm oluşumu saptadık. MSSA suşlarının %34 ünde, MRSA suşlarının %68 inde biyofilm oluşumu gözlenmiştir. MRSA ve MSSA grupları arasında biyofilm oluşturma açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda MRSA suşlarının biyofilm oluşturma yeteneğinin MSSA’lara göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. MRSA ve MSSA suşlarının oluşturduğu biyofilm, bu suşların hastane ortamında kalıcı olma kabiliyetinin yüksek olduğunu ve hastanede yatan hastalarda tedaviye başarısızlık olasılığını artırdığını gösterir.
References
- Santana GS, Lenzi-almeida KC, Lopes V, Alves FA. Biofilm formation in catheter-related infections by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus. International Microbiology. 2016; 19(4): 199-207.
- Arıcı N, Aksaray S. Klinik örneklerden izole edilen staphylococcus aureus suşlarının metisilin direncinin belirlenmesi ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması. ANKEM Derg. 2019; 33(2): 70-6.
- Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Greenberg EP. Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. Science. 1999;284(5418):1318-22.
- Amorena B, Gracia E, Monzon M, Leiva J, Oteiza C, Perez M, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility assay for Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms developed in vitro. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 1999; 44(1): 43-55.
- Szczuka E, Kaznowski A. Antimicrobial activity of tigecycline alone or in combination with rifampin against Staphylococcus epidermidis in biofilm. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2014; 59: 283-8.
- Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay D, Fatma T, Rattan A. Adverse effect of staphylococci slime on in vitro activity of glycopeptides. JJID. 2005; 58: 353-7.
- The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0. 2019. http://eucast.org.
- Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Younger JJ, Baddour LM, Barrett FF, Melton DM, et al. Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices. J Clin Microbiol. 1985; 22(6): 996-1006.
- Milletli Sezgin F. Acinetobacter baumannii izolatlarında biyofilm üretimi ve kolistin duyarlılıklarının biyofilm formasyonunda araştırılması. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun, Uzmanlık Tezi. 2012;33-37.
- Us, D. Serolojik Tanı Yöntemleri. 1. Baskı, Ankara, Hacettepe üniversitesi yayınları. 2006;39.
- Piechota M, Kot B,Maciejewska AF, Gruhewska A, Kosek AW. Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-SensitiveStaphylococcus aureus Strains from Hospitalized Patients in Poland. BioMed Research International Volume, 2018;Article ID 4657396,7 pages.
- Stewart PS, Costerton JW. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms. The Lancet. 2001; 358(9276): 135-8.
- Götz F. Staphylococcusand bioflms. Molecular Microbiology. 2002; 43(6): 1367-78.
- Kim JH, Kim CH, Hacker J, Ziebuhr W, Lee BK, Cho SH. Molecular characterization of regulatory genes associated with biofilm variation in a Staphylococcus aureus strain. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology. 2008; 18(1): 28-34.
- Neopane P, Nepal HP, Shrestha R, Uehara O, Abiko Y. (2018). In vitro biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds of hospital-admitted patients and their association with antimicrobial resistance. International journal of general medicine. 2018; 11: 25.
- Poudel P, Adhikari N, Shah PK. Multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates associated with blood stream infection. ASRJETS. 2015; 14(2): 23-52.
- Samie A, Shivambu N. Biofilm production and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from HIV and AIDS patients in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(65): 14625-36.
- Khan F, Shukla I, Rizvi M, Mansoor T, Sharma SC. Detection of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Does it have a role in treatment of MRSA infections. Trends Med Res. 2011; 6(2): 116-23.
- Cha JO, Yoo JI, Yoo JS, Chung HS, Park SH, Kim HS, et al. Investigation of biofilm formation and its association with the molecular and clinical characteristics of methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013; 4(5): 225-32.
- Baddour LM, Christensen GD, Hester MG, Bisno AL. Production of experimental endocarditis by coagulase-negative staphylococci: variability in species virulence. J Infect Dis. 1984; 150(5): 721-7.
- Şahin R, Kaleli İ. Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarında biyofilm üretiminin genotipik ve fenotipik karakterlerinin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2018; 52(2): 111-22.
- Tong SY, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler VG Jr. Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015; 28(3): 603-61.
- Götz F. S.aueus and biofilms. Mol Microbiol. 2002; 43: 1367-78.
- Elmanama AA, Al-Aydi IM, Al-Reefi MR. Biofilm formation and methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples. The International arabic Journal of antimicrobial agents. 2020; 10: 1-3.