Review
BibTex RIS Cite

BİR KAMU DİPLOMASİSİ ARACI OLARAK AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ERASMUS+ PROGRAMI

Year 2022, Issue: 42, 263 - 294, 30.04.2022

Ercan Akar , Muharrem Gürkaynak

Abstract

Günümüzdeki önemli ve başarılı bölgesel entegrasyon girişimlerinden olan Avrupa Birliği, kuruluşundan bu yana ekonomi başta olmak üzere pek çok alanda bütünleşme çabaları içerisindedir. Eğitim alanı da Birliğin tarihsel gelişimi içerisinde dünden bugüne sıklaşan bir gündem yoğunluğuna sahiptir. Avrupa Birliği'nin yumuşak güç enstrümanlarından kamu diplomasisi kapsamında ele alınabilecek Erasmus+ Programı, 2021-2027 yılları arasında uygulanacak yeni bir döneme girmiştir. Bu çalışmada Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından yayınlanan Erasmus+ Program Rehberi ve ilgili dokümanlar incelenecek ve Avrupa Birliği'nin geleceğe yönelik eğitim gündemi kamu diplomasisi açısından ele alınacaktır.

Keywords

Yumuşak güç Avrupa Birliği Kamu Diplomasisi Erasmus+ Programı

References

  • A glance at EU public diplomacy at work, (2017). The EU's 50th anniversary celebrations around the world, European Commission, Italy.
  • AB Komisyonu Üyeleri. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.ab.gov.tr/siteimages/birimler/kpb/ab_komisyonu_uyeleri_ocak_2020.pdf.
  • About Education and Training in the EU. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/about-education-and-training-in-the-eu_en.
  • Avrupa Birliği Türkiye Delegasyonu, Erasmus Programı 30 yıldır yaşamları zenginleştiriyor Erasmus+'ın 30. Yıldönümü kutlanıyor. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.avrupa.info.tr/tr/pr/erasmus-programi-30-yildir-yasamlari-zenginlestiriyor-erasmusin-30-yildonumu-kutlaniyor-6965.
  • Aydemir, E., (2018). Kamu Diplomasisi – Ülkeler, Avrupa Birliği, Kurumlar, Uygulamalar, İstanbul, Kalkedon.
  • Azpiroz, M. L., (2015). Soft Power and Public Diplomacy: The Case of the European Union in Brazil, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Baumler, B., (2019). EU Public Diplomacy: Adapting to an Ever-changing World, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Biography – Hywel Ceri Jones. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.eaie.org/community/biography/awards/hywel-ceri--jones.html.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://turkey.unfpa.org/tr/resources/kimseyi-geride-birakma?page=6.
  • Commisioner Mariya Gabriel, Responsibilities. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/2019-2024/gabriel_en.
  • Cowan, G. & Cull, N. J., (2008). Public Diplomacy in a Changing World. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1).
  • Cull, N. J., (2009). Public Diplomacy: Lessons From The Past, Los Angeles, Figueroa Press.
  • Cull, N. J., Culbert, D. & Welch, D., (2003). Propaganda and Mass Persuasion: A Historical Encyclopedia 1500 to the Present, USA, ABC Clio.
  • De Bendictis, L. & Leoni, S., (2020). Gender Bias in the Erasmus Network of Universities, Applied Network Science, 5:64.
  • de Gouveia, P. F. & Plumridge, H., (2005). European Infopolitik: Developing EU Public Diplomacy Strategy, Foreign Policy Centre, London.
  • Digital Education Action Plan (2021-2027), (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan_en.
  • Digital Education Hub, (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan/european-digital-education-hub_en.
  • Directorate-General Education, Youth, Sport and Culture Organization Chart. (2021, Temmuz 17). Ref. Ares(2021)3240872 – 17/05/2021. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/organisation_chart_eac_eacea_rea-may21_en_3.pdf.
  • Dışişleri Bakanlığı Avrupa Birliği Başkanlığı web sitesi, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.ab.gov.tr/erasmus_52450.html.
  • Duke, S., (2013). The European External Action Service and Public Diplomacy, The Hague, Netherlands Institute of International Relations – Clingendael.
  • EEAS Organization Chart. (2021, Temmuz 16). https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021_-_01_-_03_-_eeas_2.0_orgchart.pdf.
  • Erasmus+ 2021-2027, (2021). Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, PDF ISBN 978-92-76-29661-4.
  • Erasmus+ Programme Guide, (2021). European Commission, Version 3: 12-05-2021.
  • ETN Magazine 1, (2021, Eylül 7). Erasmus was born out of a disappointment. https://www.etnmagazine.eu/erasmus/erasmus-was-born-out-of-a-disappointment-sofia-corradi-from-student-to-mother-erasmus/
  • ETN Magazine 2, (2021, Eylül 7). Why is it called Erasmus? https://www.etnmagazine.eu/erasmus/why-is-it-called-erasmus-not-only-after-erasmus-of-rotterdam/
  • European Commission – Fact Sheet, From Erasmus to Erasmus+: a story of 30 years. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/MEMO_17_83.
  • European Green Deal, (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en.
  • Field, J., (1998), European Dimensions, Education, Training and European Union, Higher Education Policy Series 39, Athenaeum Press, Gatehead, Tyne and Wear, Great Britain. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=5oI3xwdZpDoC&pg=PA92&dq=sofia+corradi&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiPo9u1zNH0AhVsSvEDHbMsD28Q6AF6BAgEEAI#v=onepage&q=sofia%20corradi&f=false
  • Global Strategy, 2016. (2021, Temmuz 17). Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe, A Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy. https://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/top_stories/pdf/eugs_review_web.pdf.
  • Gürkaynak, M. ve Yalçıner, S., (2009). Uluslararası Politikada Karşılıklı Bağımlılık ve Küreselleşme Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Uluslararası İlişkiler, Cilt 6, Sayı 23 (Güz), s. 73-92.
  • Keohane, R. O. & Nye, J., (1989) Power and Interdependence, 2nd Edition, Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Kunczik, M., (2003). Transnational Public Relations by Foreign Governments. Krishnamurthy Sriramesh & Dejan Vercic (Eds.), The Global Public Relations Handbook: Theory, Research and Practice (ss. 399-424). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, USA.
  • La Porte, T., (2010). The Power of the European Union in Global Governance: A Proposal for a New Public Diplomacy, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Melissen, J., (2005). The New Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice. Jan Melissen (Ed.), The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations (1. baskı, ss. 3-27). Palgrave Macmillan, England.
  • Nicolella, D., Erasmus+ 2021-2027. (2021, Ağustos 8). PowerPoint sunum, https://www.adriatic-ionian.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/General-presentation-of-Erasmus-2021-2027.pptx.
  • Nye, J., (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, New York, Public Affairs.
  • Nye, J., (2009). Get Smart: Combining Hard and Soft Power. Foreign Affairs, 88(4).
  • Official Journal of the European Union, 2014. (2021, Temmuz 17). REGULATION (EU) No 234/2014 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 March 2014 establishing a Partnership Instrument for cooperation with third countries. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014R0234&from=EN.
  • Official Journal of the European Union, 2016. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:C:2016:202:FULL&from=EN#d1e4373-47-1.
  • Oğurlu, E., (2019). Avrupa Dış Eylemler Servisi Kapsamında Avrupa Birliği'nin Diplomatik Dönüşümü, Uluslararası Siyaset Bilimi ve Kentsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı 2, Eylül, ISSN 2630-6263, s.361-375.
  • Origins of the Erasmus Programme, Interview with Hywel Ceri Jones. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/blog/origins-of-the-erasmus-programme-%E2%80%93-interview-with-hywel-ceri-jones.
  • Programme Statements, DB2021. (2021, Temmuz 17). HEADING 4: Global Europe, Partnership instrument for cooperation with third countries (PI) https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/about_the_european_commission/eu_budget/db_2021_programme_statement_partnership_instrument_for_cooperation_with_third_countries_pi.pdf.
  • Summary of the Multiannual Indicative Programme 2018-2020 for the Partnershıp Instrument. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.gtai.de/resource/blob/32966/3c806e49c339b0dda1d8389d28ded4be/pro201806075003-data.pdf.
  • Suteu, C., Belge, M. & Szaybo, P., (2004). Growing a Bigger Europe, British Council, London.
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals LNOB, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universal-values/leave-no-one-behind.
  • Van Ham, P., (2005). Power, Public Diplomacy, and the Pax Americana. Jan Melissen (Ed.), the New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations (1. Baskı, ss. 47-66). Palgrave Macmillan, England. Wyszomirski, M. J., Burgess, C. & Peila, C., (2003). International Cultural Relations: A Multi-Country Comparison, Ohio State University.
  • Youth Participation Strategy, SALTO Participation and Information Resource Center. (2021, Ağustos 8). https://www.salto-youth.net/rc/participation/ypstrategy/.

Year 2022, Issue: 42, 263 - 294, 30.04.2022

Ercan Akar , Muharrem Gürkaynak

Abstract

References

  • A glance at EU public diplomacy at work, (2017). The EU's 50th anniversary celebrations around the world, European Commission, Italy.
  • AB Komisyonu Üyeleri. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.ab.gov.tr/siteimages/birimler/kpb/ab_komisyonu_uyeleri_ocak_2020.pdf.
  • About Education and Training in the EU. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/about-education-and-training-in-the-eu_en.
  • Avrupa Birliği Türkiye Delegasyonu, Erasmus Programı 30 yıldır yaşamları zenginleştiriyor Erasmus+'ın 30. Yıldönümü kutlanıyor. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.avrupa.info.tr/tr/pr/erasmus-programi-30-yildir-yasamlari-zenginlestiriyor-erasmusin-30-yildonumu-kutlaniyor-6965.
  • Aydemir, E., (2018). Kamu Diplomasisi – Ülkeler, Avrupa Birliği, Kurumlar, Uygulamalar, İstanbul, Kalkedon.
  • Azpiroz, M. L., (2015). Soft Power and Public Diplomacy: The Case of the European Union in Brazil, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Baumler, B., (2019). EU Public Diplomacy: Adapting to an Ever-changing World, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Biography – Hywel Ceri Jones. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.eaie.org/community/biography/awards/hywel-ceri--jones.html.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://turkey.unfpa.org/tr/resources/kimseyi-geride-birakma?page=6.
  • Commisioner Mariya Gabriel, Responsibilities. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/2019-2024/gabriel_en.
  • Cowan, G. & Cull, N. J., (2008). Public Diplomacy in a Changing World. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1).
  • Cull, N. J., (2009). Public Diplomacy: Lessons From The Past, Los Angeles, Figueroa Press.
  • Cull, N. J., Culbert, D. & Welch, D., (2003). Propaganda and Mass Persuasion: A Historical Encyclopedia 1500 to the Present, USA, ABC Clio.
  • De Bendictis, L. & Leoni, S., (2020). Gender Bias in the Erasmus Network of Universities, Applied Network Science, 5:64.
  • de Gouveia, P. F. & Plumridge, H., (2005). European Infopolitik: Developing EU Public Diplomacy Strategy, Foreign Policy Centre, London.
  • Digital Education Action Plan (2021-2027), (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan_en.
  • Digital Education Hub, (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan/european-digital-education-hub_en.
  • Directorate-General Education, Youth, Sport and Culture Organization Chart. (2021, Temmuz 17). Ref. Ares(2021)3240872 – 17/05/2021. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/organisation_chart_eac_eacea_rea-may21_en_3.pdf.
  • Dışişleri Bakanlığı Avrupa Birliği Başkanlığı web sitesi, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.ab.gov.tr/erasmus_52450.html.
  • Duke, S., (2013). The European External Action Service and Public Diplomacy, The Hague, Netherlands Institute of International Relations – Clingendael.
  • EEAS Organization Chart. (2021, Temmuz 16). https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021_-_01_-_03_-_eeas_2.0_orgchart.pdf.
  • Erasmus+ 2021-2027, (2021). Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, PDF ISBN 978-92-76-29661-4.
  • Erasmus+ Programme Guide, (2021). European Commission, Version 3: 12-05-2021.
  • ETN Magazine 1, (2021, Eylül 7). Erasmus was born out of a disappointment. https://www.etnmagazine.eu/erasmus/erasmus-was-born-out-of-a-disappointment-sofia-corradi-from-student-to-mother-erasmus/
  • ETN Magazine 2, (2021, Eylül 7). Why is it called Erasmus? https://www.etnmagazine.eu/erasmus/why-is-it-called-erasmus-not-only-after-erasmus-of-rotterdam/
  • European Commission – Fact Sheet, From Erasmus to Erasmus+: a story of 30 years. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/MEMO_17_83.
  • European Green Deal, (2021, Ağustos 8). https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en.
  • Field, J., (1998), European Dimensions, Education, Training and European Union, Higher Education Policy Series 39, Athenaeum Press, Gatehead, Tyne and Wear, Great Britain. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=5oI3xwdZpDoC&pg=PA92&dq=sofia+corradi&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiPo9u1zNH0AhVsSvEDHbMsD28Q6AF6BAgEEAI#v=onepage&q=sofia%20corradi&f=false
  • Global Strategy, 2016. (2021, Temmuz 17). Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe, A Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy. https://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/top_stories/pdf/eugs_review_web.pdf.
  • Gürkaynak, M. ve Yalçıner, S., (2009). Uluslararası Politikada Karşılıklı Bağımlılık ve Küreselleşme Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Uluslararası İlişkiler, Cilt 6, Sayı 23 (Güz), s. 73-92.
  • Keohane, R. O. & Nye, J., (1989) Power and Interdependence, 2nd Edition, Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Kunczik, M., (2003). Transnational Public Relations by Foreign Governments. Krishnamurthy Sriramesh & Dejan Vercic (Eds.), The Global Public Relations Handbook: Theory, Research and Practice (ss. 399-424). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, USA.
  • La Porte, T., (2010). The Power of the European Union in Global Governance: A Proposal for a New Public Diplomacy, USA, Figueroa Press.
  • Melissen, J., (2005). The New Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice. Jan Melissen (Ed.), The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations (1. baskı, ss. 3-27). Palgrave Macmillan, England.
  • Nicolella, D., Erasmus+ 2021-2027. (2021, Ağustos 8). PowerPoint sunum, https://www.adriatic-ionian.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/General-presentation-of-Erasmus-2021-2027.pptx.
  • Nye, J., (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, New York, Public Affairs.
  • Nye, J., (2009). Get Smart: Combining Hard and Soft Power. Foreign Affairs, 88(4).
  • Official Journal of the European Union, 2014. (2021, Temmuz 17). REGULATION (EU) No 234/2014 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 March 2014 establishing a Partnership Instrument for cooperation with third countries. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014R0234&from=EN.
  • Official Journal of the European Union, 2016. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:C:2016:202:FULL&from=EN#d1e4373-47-1.
  • Oğurlu, E., (2019). Avrupa Dış Eylemler Servisi Kapsamında Avrupa Birliği'nin Diplomatik Dönüşümü, Uluslararası Siyaset Bilimi ve Kentsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı 2, Eylül, ISSN 2630-6263, s.361-375.
  • Origins of the Erasmus Programme, Interview with Hywel Ceri Jones. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/blog/origins-of-the-erasmus-programme-%E2%80%93-interview-with-hywel-ceri-jones.
  • Programme Statements, DB2021. (2021, Temmuz 17). HEADING 4: Global Europe, Partnership instrument for cooperation with third countries (PI) https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/about_the_european_commission/eu_budget/db_2021_programme_statement_partnership_instrument_for_cooperation_with_third_countries_pi.pdf.
  • Summary of the Multiannual Indicative Programme 2018-2020 for the Partnershıp Instrument. (2021, Temmuz 17). https://www.gtai.de/resource/blob/32966/3c806e49c339b0dda1d8389d28ded4be/pro201806075003-data.pdf.
  • Suteu, C., Belge, M. & Szaybo, P., (2004). Growing a Bigger Europe, British Council, London.
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals LNOB, (2021, Temmuz 17). https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universal-values/leave-no-one-behind.
  • Van Ham, P., (2005). Power, Public Diplomacy, and the Pax Americana. Jan Melissen (Ed.), the New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations (1. Baskı, ss. 47-66). Palgrave Macmillan, England. Wyszomirski, M. J., Burgess, C. & Peila, C., (2003). International Cultural Relations: A Multi-Country Comparison, Ohio State University.
  • Youth Participation Strategy, SALTO Participation and Information Resource Center. (2021, Ağustos 8). https://www.salto-youth.net/rc/participation/ypstrategy/.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ercan Akar 0000-0001-6708-7196

Muharrem Gürkaynak 0000-0002-5371-0474

Publication Date April 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 42

Cite

APA Akar, E., & Gürkaynak, M. (2022). BİR KAMU DİPLOMASİSİ ARACI OLARAK AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ERASMUS+ PROGRAMI. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(42), 263-294.

Journal of Suleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences take part in national and international indices such as Akademia Social Sciences Index (ASOS), Business Source Corporate Plus (EBSCO), Scientific Indexing Services (SIS), Turkish Education İndex (TEİ), Directory of Research Journals Indexing (DRJI), Akademic Resource İndex (ResearchBib), Journal Factor, CiteFactor, Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals (MİAR), Index Copernicus (IC), Social Sciences Citation Index (SOBİAD).