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YAPILANDIRILMIŞ İSTİHBARAT ANALİZ TEKNİKLERİNDEN KIRMIZI TAKIM (ŞAPKA) ANALİZİNİN ÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR BAKIŞ

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 387 - 404, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.58375/sde.1536930

Abstract

İstihbarat karar vericinin belirsizlik seviyesini azaltmak için tasarlanmış, mevcut tüm kaynaklardan gelen bilgilerin kullanılması ve odaklanma sürecidir. Özellikle İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Soğuk Savaş döneminde araştırma ve geliştirme faaliyetleri istihbarat çalışmaları ve istihbarat analizi üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. İstihbarat toplulukları ve politika yapıcılar arasındaki bilgi akışını betimlemek için buluşsal bir araç olan istihbarat çarkı; bilgi (olaylar), birikim ve karar arasındaki etkileşim için iyi bir başlangıç noktası olan tanımlayıcı bir istihbarat kuramı sağlar. İstihbarat faaliyetlerinin başlamasından itibaren verilerin analiz edilmesinde problem çözme teknikleri, karar verme, istatistik vb. bilimlerde kullanılan çeşitli analiz tekniklerinin istihbarata uyarlanması suretiyle oluşturulan bir takım klasik analiz teknikleri mevcuttur. Ancak bu teknikler her ne kadar bilimsel temellere oturtulmuş olsa da günümüz dünyasının gelişen koşullarının karşılanmasında, gelişmelerin analiz ve yorumlanmasında yetersiz kaldığı söylenebilir. Yapılandırılmış analiz teknikleri, analitik düşünceyi düzenlemek ve değerlendirmek için geliştirilmiş bir dizi süreci ihtiva etmektedir. Bu çalışmada yapılandırılmış analiz tekniklerinden biri olan ve yaratıcı düşünce tekniklerinden biri olarak sınıflandırılmış olan “Kırmızı Takım Analizi”nin önemi ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma deseninde tasarlanmış olup, betimsel içerik analizi ve doküman incelemesi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Doküman analizi, anlam çıkartmak, anlayış kazandırmak ve ampirik bilgi geliştirmek için verilerin incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesini gerektirir. Kendi içinde anlamlı bir bütün oluşturulan bu bölümler belli başlıklar altında adlandırılarak kodlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Kırmızı Takım Analizinin ne olduğu, niçin Kırmızı Takım Analizinin seçildiği, Kırmızı Takım İnşasının Aşamalarının neler olduğu, Kırmızı Takım Analizinin önemi, yararlılıkları ve sınırlıkları üzerinde durulmuştur. Tarihi süreç içindeki Kırmızı Takım Analizinin Başarılı ve Başarısız örneklerine yer verilerek değerlendirilmiştir.

References

  • Ard, M.J. (2023). “Structured Analytic Techniques: A Pragmatic Approach”, International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 37(2), 617-633.
  • Artner, S., Girven, S. R. and Bruce, J. B. (2016). Assessing the Value of Structured Analytic Techniques in the U.S. Intelligence Community, Rand Corporation.
  • ATP 2-33.4 (January 2020). Intelligence Analysis. Washington: Department of the Army.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem A Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chang, W., Berdini, E., Mandel, D.R., and Tetlock, P. E. (2017). “Restructuring Structured Analytic Techniques in Intelligence”, Intelligence and National Security, https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2017.1400230.
  • Coulthart, S. J. (2016). “Why Do Analysts Use Structured Analytic Techniques? An In-Depth Study Of An American İntelligence Agency”, Intelligence and National Security, DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2016.1140327.
  • Çencen, N. (2024). İstihbaratta Yöntemler: Yapılandırılmış Analiz Teknikleri ve Şeytanın Avukatlığı, İstanbul: Yeditepe Yayınları.
  • Defense Science Board Task Force on The Role and Status of DoD Red Teaming Activities, 2003.
  • Gill, P. (2009). Theories of intelligence Where are we, where should we go and how might we proceed?, P. Gill, S. Marrin, & M. Phythian (Ed.), Intelligence theory: Key questions and debates (p.208-226). Routledge.
  • Grunt, P. (2017). “Structured Analytic Techniques: Taxonomy and Technique Selection for Information and Intelligence Analysis Practitioners”, Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, (30), pp.15-136.
  • Heuer, R. J. (1978). Quantitative Approaches to Intelligence Analysis (Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Heuer, R. J. (2008). Taxonomy of Structured Analytic Techniques, International Studies Association 2008 Annual Convention March 26 – 29, San Francisco.
  • Heuer, R. J. & Pherson. R. H. (2021). Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis, Third Edition, Washington: CQ Press.
  • Marrin, S. (2009). “Training and Educating U.S. Intelligence Analysts ”, International Journal of Intelligence and Counter Intelligence, 22 (1), 131–146.
  • Moran, J. P. (2021). “Red Team or Red Herring? Lessons Learned from the Policy Counter Terrorism Evaluation Group”, International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs, 23(3), 400-424.
  • Prunckun, H. (2014). Scientific Methods of Inquiry for Intelligence Analysis, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers (Second Edition).
  • Tecuci, G. & Boicu, M. & Schum, D. and Marcu, D., (2010). Coping with the Complexity of Intelligence Analysis: Cognitive Assistants for Evidence-Based Reasoning, Research Report, Learning Agents Center, George Mason University.
  • The NATO Alternative Analysis Handbook, Second Edition, December 2017.
  • The Red team Handbook, The Army’s Guıde to Makıng Better Decısions, University Of Foreign Military and Cultural Studies 2019.
  • U.S. Government. (2009). A Tradecraft Primer: Structured Analytic Techniques for Improving Intelligence Analysis.
  • Zenko, M. (2022). Kızıl Takım, (Çev. Korcan Arıkan), Ankara Panama Yayınları.

A GLANCE THE IMPORTANCE OF RED TEAM (HAT) ANALYSIS FROM STRUCTURED INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 387 - 404, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.58375/sde.1536930

Abstract

Intelligence is the process of utilizing and focusing information from all available sources, designed to reduce the level of uncertainty for the decision maker. Especially during World War II and the Cold War, research and development activities focused on intelligence studies and intelligence analysis. The intelligence wheel, a heuristic tool for describing the flow of information between intelligence communities and policy makers, provides a descriptive theory of intelligence that is a good starting point for the interaction between information (events), accumulation and decision. Since the beginning of intelligence activities, there have been a number of classical analysis techniques for analyzing data, such as problem solving techniques, decision making, statistics, etc. There are a number of classical analysis techniques created by adapting various analysis techniques used in sciences to intelligence. However, although these techniques are based on scientific foundations, it can be said that they are insufficient in meeting the evolving conditions of today's world and in analyzing and interpreting developments. Structured analysis techniques are a set of processes for externalizing, organizing and evaluating analytical thinking.
In this study, the importance of “Red Team Analysis”, which is one of the structured analysis techniques and classified as one of the creative thinking techniques, was revealed. This study was designed in qualitative research design and descriptive content analysis and document analysis were used. Document analysis requires the examination and evaluation of data in order to make sense, gain understanding and develop empirical knowledge. These sections, which form a meaningful whole in themselves, are named and coded under certain headings. In this direction, what Red Team Analysis is, why Red Team Analysis was chosen, what the Stages of Red Team Building are, the importance, benefits and limitations of Red Team Analysis were emphasized. Successful and unsuccessful examples of Red Team Analysis in the historical process have been evaluated.

References

  • Ard, M.J. (2023). “Structured Analytic Techniques: A Pragmatic Approach”, International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 37(2), 617-633.
  • Artner, S., Girven, S. R. and Bruce, J. B. (2016). Assessing the Value of Structured Analytic Techniques in the U.S. Intelligence Community, Rand Corporation.
  • ATP 2-33.4 (January 2020). Intelligence Analysis. Washington: Department of the Army.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem A Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chang, W., Berdini, E., Mandel, D.R., and Tetlock, P. E. (2017). “Restructuring Structured Analytic Techniques in Intelligence”, Intelligence and National Security, https://doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2017.1400230.
  • Coulthart, S. J. (2016). “Why Do Analysts Use Structured Analytic Techniques? An In-Depth Study Of An American İntelligence Agency”, Intelligence and National Security, DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2016.1140327.
  • Çencen, N. (2024). İstihbaratta Yöntemler: Yapılandırılmış Analiz Teknikleri ve Şeytanın Avukatlığı, İstanbul: Yeditepe Yayınları.
  • Defense Science Board Task Force on The Role and Status of DoD Red Teaming Activities, 2003.
  • Gill, P. (2009). Theories of intelligence Where are we, where should we go and how might we proceed?, P. Gill, S. Marrin, & M. Phythian (Ed.), Intelligence theory: Key questions and debates (p.208-226). Routledge.
  • Grunt, P. (2017). “Structured Analytic Techniques: Taxonomy and Technique Selection for Information and Intelligence Analysis Practitioners”, Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, (30), pp.15-136.
  • Heuer, R. J. (1978). Quantitative Approaches to Intelligence Analysis (Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Heuer, R. J. (2008). Taxonomy of Structured Analytic Techniques, International Studies Association 2008 Annual Convention March 26 – 29, San Francisco.
  • Heuer, R. J. & Pherson. R. H. (2021). Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis, Third Edition, Washington: CQ Press.
  • Marrin, S. (2009). “Training and Educating U.S. Intelligence Analysts ”, International Journal of Intelligence and Counter Intelligence, 22 (1), 131–146.
  • Moran, J. P. (2021). “Red Team or Red Herring? Lessons Learned from the Policy Counter Terrorism Evaluation Group”, International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs, 23(3), 400-424.
  • Prunckun, H. (2014). Scientific Methods of Inquiry for Intelligence Analysis, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers (Second Edition).
  • Tecuci, G. & Boicu, M. & Schum, D. and Marcu, D., (2010). Coping with the Complexity of Intelligence Analysis: Cognitive Assistants for Evidence-Based Reasoning, Research Report, Learning Agents Center, George Mason University.
  • The NATO Alternative Analysis Handbook, Second Edition, December 2017.
  • The Red team Handbook, The Army’s Guıde to Makıng Better Decısions, University Of Foreign Military and Cultural Studies 2019.
  • U.S. Government. (2009). A Tradecraft Primer: Structured Analytic Techniques for Improving Intelligence Analysis.
  • Zenko, M. (2022). Kızıl Takım, (Çev. Korcan Arıkan), Ankara Panama Yayınları.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Namık Çencen 0000-0001-8962-4124

Serkan Kocamanoğlu 0000-0001-5314-4620

Publication Date September 27, 2024
Submission Date August 22, 2024
Acceptance Date September 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çencen, N., & Kocamanoğlu, S. (2024). YAPILANDIRILMIŞ İSTİHBARAT ANALİZ TEKNİKLERİNDEN KIRMIZI TAKIM (ŞAPKA) ANALİZİNİN ÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR BAKIŞ. SDE Akademi, 4(3), 387-404. https://doi.org/10.58375/sde.1536930

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