Dyslexia: Definition, Classification and Symptoms

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 166 - 180, 12.12.2017

Emine Balcı

Abstract

Dyslexia is a learning disability which has been studied extensively about it recently and affects individuals significantly. This study is prepared to define and introduce dyslexia whose presence and importance have started to be felt in our country but very well known in the world. The aim of preparing this study is to increase awareness of dyslexia in the Turkish community and the number of people who help those individuals. For this purpose; descriptions of 'dyslexia' that accepted in the world were examined and discussed. Definition of dyslexia was analyzed and The definition of the International Dyslexia Society (IDA), which is widely accepted by researchers and has significant work in this area, has been emphasized and analyzed. It was also mentioned the classification of dyslexia and emphasized behavioral symptoms of dyslexia that is seen in individuals. 'How Dyslexia Affects Individuals? This question was tried to be answered. The signs of dyslexia, as demonstrated by school children, are explained. In this study; 'identification, classification and symptoms of dyslexia’ were explained by examining the work of researchers that have accepted around the world.

Keywords

Dyslexia, Learning difficulty, Reading difficulty

Disleksi: Tanımı, Sınıflandırması ve Belirtileri

Abstract

Disleksi son zamanlarda hakkında kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılan ve bireyleri önemli oranda etkileyen bir öğrenme güçlüğüdür. Dünyada çok iyi bilinen fakat Türkiye’de varlığı ve önemi yeni hissedilmeye başlanan ‘disleksi’ kavramını; tanımlama ve tanıtma ihtiyacıyla bu çalışma hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmanın hazırlanmasındaki amaç; dünyada kabul gören ‘Disleksi’ tanımlarını inceleyerek toplumdaki disleksi farkındalığını arttırmak, eğitimcilere, velilere ve disleksili bireylere rehber olabilecek bilgiler sunabilmektir. Bu çalışmada disleksi alanında çalışan araştırmacılar tarafından yaygın olarak kabul gören ve bu alanda önemli çalışmaları bulunan Uluslar arası Disleksi Derneği’nin (IDA) tanımı üzerinde durulmuş ve bu tanımın analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, disleksi sınıflandırmalarına değinilmiş ve en kabul gören disleksi sınıflandırması olan; gelişimsel/sonradan edinilmiş disleksi ve yüzeysel/ fonolojik disleksi çeşitleri ele alınmış ve açıklanmıştır. Davranışsal düzeyde disleksinin bireyde görülen belirtileri üzerinde durulmuş ve ‘Disleksi Bireyleri Nasıl Etkiler?’ sorusuna cevap verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Okul çağı çocuklarının gösterdiği disleksiye ilişkin davranışlar açıklanmıştır. Bu çalışmada; ‘tanımlama, sınıflandırma ve bireydeki belirtileri’ dünyada kabul görmüş araştırmacıların çalışmaları incelenerek açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

Disleksi, Öğrenme güçlüğü, Okuma güçlüğü

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