The Association of Sociodemographic, Medical, and Cognitive Factors on Periodontal Health Status of a Geriatric Population in Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 277 - 283, 21.09.2020

Prof. Dr. Zuhal Yetkin Ay , Ayşe Rabia Işık , Özgür Koşkan

Abstract

Objective: The longevity of life brings oral health issues, which should be managed in order to improve the quality of life. It is necessary to determine the oral health condition and its determinants for geriatric individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the sociodemographic, anthropometric, medical, and dental factors and cognitive status regarding their effects on, or associations with, “having periodontitis or not” in a geriatric population.
Material and Methods: The sample comprised 200 older adults who applied to the Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Dentistry, between April 2017 and December 2018. Periodontal – plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss and probing depth were measured and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was calculated –, anthropometric, and sociodemographic parameters, and cognitive status (Schulman score) were recorded.
Results: The percentage of geriatric patients having periodontitis was 58%. The cognitive status determined as minor visuospatial disorganization (2.69±1.34). The Schulman score was correlated negatively by the number of teeth (rho=-0.154, p = 0.036), and with PI scores (rho=0.076, p=0.04). Due to the logistic regression analysis, lower education level, decreased number of teeth, and decreased salivary flow rate presented odds ratios (12.3, 1.18, and 3.944, respectively), and found associated with having periodontitis.
Conclusions: Cognitive dysfunction results in decreased plaque removal efficacy; and education level, number of teeth, salivary flow rate and periodontal parameters have presented association with having periodontitis in this population.

Keywords

Cognitive dysfunction, elderly, oral health, periodontitis

Supporting Institution

Coordination Unit of Scientific Investigations, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

Project Number

TDH-2018-5959

Sosyodemografik, Medikal ve Kognitif Faktörlerin Bir Türk Geriatrik Popülasyonunun Periodontal Sağlık Durumuyla İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşamın süresinin uzaması, yaşam kalitesini artırmak için yönetilmesi gereken ağız sağlığı sorunlarını da beraberinde getirir. Bu bağlamda geriatrik bireyler için ağız sağlığı durumunu ve belirleyicilerini tanımlamak gereklidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, geriatrik bir popülasyonda sosyodemografik, antropometrik, tıbbi ve dental faktörlerin ve bilişsel durumun, geriatrik popülasyonda “periodontitis olup olmaması” ile olan ilişkileri ile ilgili olarak araştırılmasıdır.
Materyal-Metot: Örneklem Nisan 2017-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi'ne başvuran 200 yaşlı bireyden oluştu. Periodontal parametreler (plak indeksi (Pİ), sondlamada kanama, klinik ataçman kaybı ve sondlamada cep derinliği, periodontal iltihaplı yüzey alanı (PİYA)) ile antropometrik, sosyodemografik parametreler ve bilişsel durum (Schulman skoru) kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Periodontitisi olan geriatrik bireyler çalışma popülasyonunun %58’ ini oluşturmaktaydı. Bilişsel durum minör görsel-uzamsal düzensizlik olarak belirlendi (2,69±1,34). Schulman skoru diş sayısı ile (rho=-0,154, p=0,036) ve PI skorları ile (rho=0,076, p=0,04) negatif korelasyon gösterdi. Lojistik regresyon analizi sonucunda, düşük eğitim düzeyi, azalmış diş sayısı ve azalmış tükürük akış hızı odds oranları (sırasıyla 12,3, 1,18 ve 3,944) göz önüne alınarak periodontitis ile ilişkili bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda değerlendirilen bu popülasyonda bilişsel işlev bozukluğu plak giderim etkinliğinin azalmasına neden olmuş; eğitim düzeyi, diş sayısı, tükürük akış hızı ve periodontal parametrelerin periodontitis varlığı ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Bilişsel işlev bozukluğu, yaşlı, ağız sağlığı

Project Number

TDH-2018-5959

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