GIDA KATKI MADDESİ OLARAK KULLANILAN SİTRİK ASİT, ASKORBİK ASİT VE SODYUM SİTRATIN İNSAN LENFOSİT HÜCRELERİNDE GENOTOKSİSİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 486 - 492, 30.09.2022

Dilek Aşcı Çelik , Vehbi Atahan Toğay , Gülçin Yavuz Türel , Nurten Özçelik

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1163402

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Amaç
Gıda katkı maddelerinin kullanımı endüstriyel gelişmeyle
birlikte sürekli artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sık
kullanılan sitrik asit, askorbik asit ve sodyum sitratın
insan lenfosit hücrelerinde DNA üzerine olan etkilerinin
comet metodu ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Herhangi bir bilinen hastalığı ya da sürekli ilaç kullanımı
olmayan, son 6 ayda radyolojik muayene geçirmemiş
ve sigara içmeyen 18 – 45 yaş aralığında 4 erkek
ve 4 kadın gönüllüden kan alınmış ve lenfositler izole
edilerek 50, 150, 300 ve 600 μg/mL dozlarında sitrik
asit, askorbik asit ve sodyum sitrat ile 1 s inkübasyona
bırakılmıştır. Ardından comet metodu uygulanmış ve
kuyruk DNA yüzdesi parametresi DNA hasarının göstergesi
olarak Tek-yönlü Anova ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular
Sodyum sitrat 300 ve 600 μg/mL dozlarında DNA
hasarında kontrol grubuna kıyasla sınırlı artış görülmektedir.
Bu artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir
(p>0,05). Sitrik asit 600 μg/mL dozu ise kontrol grubuna
kıyasla oldukça yüksek DNA hasarına sebep
olmuştur (p<0,001). Aynı oranda doz uygulanan askorbik
asit ve sodyum sitrat ile karşılaştırıldığında da
yüksek DNA hasarına sebep olduğu görülmektedir
(p<0,001). Diğer gruplarda DNA hasarında anlamlı bir
değişiklik tespit edilememiştir (p>0,05).
Sonuç
Çalışma sonucunda, denenen dozlarda askorbik asitin
herhangi bir DNA hasarına sebep olmadığı, sitrik
asitin yüksek dozlarda DNA hasarına sebep olduğu
ve sodyum sitratın ise yüksek dozlarda DNA hasarına
sebep olabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Bazı katkı maddeleri
her ne kadar antioksidan olarak sınıflandırılsa da,
yüksek dozlarda DNA hasarına sebep olabilir. Dolayısı
ile bu katkı maddelerini içeren gıdaların tüketiminde
bilinçli ve kontrollü olunması gerekmektedir. Ancak
kesin bir yargıya varmadan önce gıda katkı maddeleri
ile ilgili daha detaylı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

Comet Metodu, DNA Hasarı, E300, E330, E331

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Yok

GENOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF CITRIC ACID, ASCORBIC ACID AND SODIUM CITRATE USED AS FOOD ADDITIVES IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES

Abstract

Objective
The use of food additives is constantly increasing
with industrial development. In this study, we aimed
to determine the effects of commonly used citric acid,
ascorbic acid, and sodium citrate on DNA in human
lymphocytes by the comet assay.
Material and Method
Blood samples were collected from 4 male and 4 female
volunteers, aged 18 to 45 years, who had no known
disease or continuous drug use, had not undergone
radiological examination in the past 6 months, and
were nonsmokers. Lymphocytes were isolated and
incubated for 1 h with citric acid, ascorbic acid, and
sodium citrate at doses of 50, 150, 300, and 600 μg/
mL. Subsequently, the Comet assay was applied and
the tail DNA percentage was evaluated as evidence of
DNA damage using One-way Anova.
Results
A limited increase in DNA damage was observed at
sodium citrate doses of 300 and 600 μg/ml compared
to the control group. This increase was not statistically
significant (p>0.05). The dose of 600 μg/mL citric acid
caused significantly higher DNA damage compared to
the control group (p<0.001). Likewise, when compared
to the same dose of ascorbic acid and sodium citrate,
dose of 600 μg/mL citric acid caused significantly
higher DNA damage (p<0.001). No significant change
in DNA damage was observed in any other groups.
Conclusion
As a result, it was found that ascorbic acid did not
cause DNA damage at all doses, citric acid caused
DNA damage at high doses, and sodium citrate might
cause DNA damage at high doses. Although some
additives are classified as antioxidants, they may
cause DNA damage at high doses. Therefore, it is
necessary to be aware and controlled when consuming
foods containing these additives. However, more
detailed studies on food additives are needed before a
definitive conclusion can be drawn.

Keywords

Comet Assay, DNA Damage, E300, E330, E331

Project Number

Yok

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