VENTRİKÜLER SEPTAL DEFEKT TANISI, BOYUT VE TİPLERİ, KOMPLİKASYONLARI VE SPONTAN KAPANMA ORANLARI COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNDEN ETKİLENDİ Mİ?

Year 2023, Volume: 30 Issue: 4, 738 - 745, 30.12.2023

Zehra Tamburacı

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1357263

Abstract

Amaç
Polikliniğimize yönlendirilen hastalardan ventriküler
septal defekt tespit edilenlerin sayısı, ventriküler septal
defekt yeri ve boyutu, yol açtığı komplikasyonlar,
medikal, cerrahi ya da spontan kapanma olasılığı
incelenmiş, Covid-19 pandemisi koşullarında, rutin
poliklinik muayene sayılarında ve VSD tanısı koyma
oranında bir farklılık olup olmadığı, pandemi öncesi
verilerimiz ile kıyaslanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
2018-2022 yılları arasında hekime, göğüs ağrısı,
çarpıntı, çabuk yorulma, nefes almada zorlanma,
bayılma gibi semptomlar veya kalp dışı herhangi bir
şikayet ile başvuru sırasında rutin muayenede üfürüm
duyulması nedeniyle yapılan transtorasik ekokardiyografi
sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular
Pandemi öncesi 2018-2020 yılları arasındaki ekokardiyografi
yapılan 16362 hastanın 91’inde (grup 1),
pandemi dönemi olan 2020-2022 yılları arasında ekokardiyografi
yapılan 14248 hastanın 202’sinde (grup
2), ventriküler septal defekt görülmüş olup, pandemi
döneminde ventriküler septal defektli hasta oranının
daha fazla olması yönünde anlamlıdır (p <0.001).
Ventriküler septal defektlerin izleminde çeşitli komplikasyonlar
gelişebilmektedir. Total olarak tüm komplikasyonlara
sayı olarak bakıldığında pandemi öncesi
dönemde komplikasyon oranı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
derecede daha fazladır (p=0.003). Ancak gelişen
komplikasyonlar ayrı ayrı değerlendirildiğinde sadece
ventriküler septal anevrizma gelişimi açısından pandemi
öncesi grupta (grup 1) daha fazla oranda olması
yönünde anlamlı fark saptandı (p=0.002). Diğer komplikasyonlar
açısından anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır.
Sonuç
Hasta sayılarının benzer olması bize pediatrik kardiyoloji
poliklinik başvuru sayılarında, pandemi koşullarında
dahi ciddi bir azalma olmadığını kanıtlamıştır.
Ancak ventriküler septal defekt tanı alma sıklığının
pandemi döneminde daha fazla oranda olması, bu
dönemde hastaneye gerçekten pediatrik kardiyoloji
muayenesi gerektiren hastaların başvurmasından
kaynaklanabilir.

Keywords

COVID-19 pandemisi ve VSD, Komplikasyonlar, Spontan kapanma, Ventriküler septal defekt (VSD)

Ethical Statement

Yukarıda bilgileri verilen başvuru dosyası ile ilgili belgeler araştırmanın/çalışmanın gerekçe, amaç, yaklaşım ve yöntemleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiş ve UYGUN bulunmuş olup araştırmanın/çalışmanın başvuru dosyasında belirtilen merkezlerde gerçekleştirilmesinde etik ve bilimsel sakınca bulunmadığına toplantıya katılan etik kurul üye tam sayısının salt çoğunluğu ile karar verilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

S.B.Ü. ANTALYA EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ KLİNİK ARAŞTIRMALAR ETİK KURULU

Project Number

12/9

ARE VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT DIAGNOSES IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP AFFECTED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

Abstract

Objective
Within the patients who were referred to our outpatient
clinic, the number of those detected with a ventricular
septal defect location and size of the defect, the
complications it caused, the possibility of medical,
surgical or spontaneous closure were examined
and it has been compared with our pre-pandemic
data whether there is a difference in the number of
routine outpatient clinic examinations and the rate
of diagnosis of ventricular septal defect under the
conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Material and Method
The results of transthoracic echocardiography made
between the years 2018-2022 were evaluated which
were performed due to hearing a cardiac murmur
during routine examination of patients with symptoms
such as chest pain, palpitations, fatigue, difficulty
breathing, fainting, or any non-cardiac complaint.
Results
Ventricular septal defect was observed in 91 of 16362
patients (group 1) who underwent echocardiography
between 2018 and 2020 before the pandemic, and
in 202 of 14248 patients (group 2) who underwent
echocardiography between 2020 and 2022, during
the pandemic period. It is significant in that the patient
rate is higher (p <0.001). Various complications may
develop during the follow-up of ventricular septal
defects. Considering the total number of complications,
they were statistically significantly higher in the prepandemic
period (p=0.003). However, when the
developing complications were evaluated separately,
a significant difference was detected only in terms
of ventricular septal aneurysm development, with
a higher rate in the pre-pandemic group (p=0.002).
No significant difference was found in terms of other
complications.
Conclusion
The similar number of patients has proven to us that
there is no serious decrease in the number of pediatric
cardiology outpatient clinic admissions, even under
pandemic conditions. However, the higher frequency
of diagnosis of ventricular septal defect during the
pandemic period may be due to the fact that patients
who actually require pediatric cardiology examination
applied to the hospital during this period.

Keywords

Complications, COVID-19 pandemic and VSD Spontaneous closure, Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

Project Number

12/9

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