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Pozitif Psikoterapi ve Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi Açısından Değerler Kavramının İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Issue: 51, 221 - 240, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1344766

Abstract

Değerler, kişiyi istediği hedeflere yönlendiren, kişinin eylemlerine rehberlik eden inanç ve bilişsel yapılardır. Kişinin davranışlarına yön vermesi nedeniyle değerler kavramı başta postmodern yaklaşımlar olmak üzere psikoterapi ekollerinde son yıllarda çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmanın temel amacı, değerler kavramının pozitif psikoterapi (PPT) ve kabul ve kararlılık terapisi (KKT) açısından nasıl ele alındığını ve psikoterapide ne şekilde kullanıldığını incelemektir. Çalışmanın genel amacı doğrultusunda, her iki yaklaşımın insan doğasına olan bakış açısı ele alınmış ve değerler bağlamında benzer ve farklı yanlarına vurgu yapılmıştır. Her iki yaklaşımda da kişinin anlamlı bir hayat yaşaması adına değer odaklı eylemleri planlamanın belirleyici bir rolü olduğu görülse de pozitif psikoterapi ve kabul ve kararlılık terapisini birbirinden ayıran bazı hususlar vardır. En temel noktalardan bir tanesi, pozitif psikoterapide danışanın iyi ve mutlu bir hayat için olumlu duyguları olumsuzlara kıyasla daha sık yaşaması vurgusudur. Kabul ve kararlılık terapisinde ise olumsuz yaşantıyla birlikte değerler doğrultusunda bir yaşamın sürdürülebileceğidir. Diğer bir nokta ise danışan değerler doğrultusunda adım atarken farklı yapıların devreye girebileceği göz önünde bulundurularak danışana ek beceriler öğretilmesidir. Pozitif psikoterapiye kıyasla kabul ve kararlılık terapisinin bu yapıları ele alması daha bütüncül bir yaklaşım olarak görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda, ruh sağlığı uzmanlarının değerler ile çalışırken danışanın içsel deneyimlerine yönelik engellerini de açığa çıkararak incelemesi önem arz etmektedir.

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Investigation of the Values in Relation to Positive Psychotherapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Year 2024, Issue: 51, 221 - 240, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1344766

Abstract

Values are beliefs and cognitive structures that guide a person's goals and actions, playing a crucial role in human behavior. Psychotherapy has increasingly focused on understanding the concept of values especially in postmodern approaches. This study aims to explore how values are addressed in positive psychotherapy (PPT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) approaches and their role in interventions. Aligned with the study's objective, both approaches are examined in terms of their perspectives on human nature and values, highlighting both similarities and differences. Emphasizing the significance of value-oriented actions, both approaches facilitate meaningful living. Notably, positive psychotherapy emphasizes fostering positive emotions to enhance overall life quality, while acceptance and commitment therapy encourages aligning life with values despite challenges. Additionally, acceptance and commitment therapy teaches clients skills to address various internal barriers. Compared to positive psychotherapy, acceptance and commitment therapy offers a more holistic approach to these constructs. In this context, mental health professionals should be attentive to helping clients uncover and explore internal barriers tied to their values.

References

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  • Ayten, A. (2015). Erdeme dönüş: Psikoloji ve mutluluk yolu. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık
  • Bergin, A. E. (1991). Values and religious issues in psychotherapy and mental health. American Psychologist, 46(4), 394-403.
  • Bannink, F. (2017). 201 pozitif psikoloji uygulaması: Bireyler ve toplumlarda iyi oluşu geliştirmek için. Üsküdar Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Bojanowska, A. ve Piotrowski, K. (2021). Two levels of personality: Temperament and values and their effects on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Current Psychology, 40, 1185-1193.
  • Boniwell, I. (2008). Positive psychology in a nutshell: A balanced introduction to the science of optimal functioning. London: Personal Well-Being Centre.
  • Brooks Jr, C. W. ve Matthews, C. O. (2000). The relationship among substance abuse counselors' spiritual well‐being, values, and self‐actualizing characteristics and the impact on clients' spiritual well‐being. Journal of Addictions ve Offender Counseling, 21(1), 23-33. doi: 10.1002/j.2161-1874.2000.tb00149.x.
  • Bulut, S. ve Dilmaç, B. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sahip olduğu değerler psikolojik iyi oluş ve mutluluk düzeyleri arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkiler. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 9(16), 349-374. doi:10.26466/opus.472450.
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  • Dilmaç, B. ve Yücesoy, Ö. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sahip olduğu değerler akılcı olmayan inançlar ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkiler. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 11(18), 1684-1708. doi: 10.26466/opus.547765.
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  • Doğan, T. (2017). Öz-kaynaklarımız: Karakter güçleri ve erdemler. Erişim adresi: https://www.tayfundogan.net/2017/12/30/oz-kaynaklarimiz-karakter-gucleri-erdemler/
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  • Eryilmaz, A. (2017). Pozitif psikoterapiler/Positive psychotherapies. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar, 9(3), 346-362. doi:10.18863/pgy.288667.
  • Furnham, A. ve Lester, D. (2012). The development of a short measure of character strength. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 28(2), 95-101. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000096.
  • Gentili, C., Rickardsson, J., Zetterqvist, V., Simons, L. E., Lekander, M. ve Wicksell, R. K. (2019). Psychological flexibility as a resilience factor in individuals with chronic pain. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1–11. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02016.
  • Hanel, P. H., Litzellachner, L. F. ve Maio, G. R. (2018). An empirical comparison of human value models. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1643. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01643.
  • Harris, R. (2017). ACT’i kolay öğrenmek: İlkeler ve ötesi için hızlı bir başlangıç (2. baskı) (H. T. Karatepe ve K. F. Yavuz, Çev.). İstanbul: Litera Yayıncılık.
  • Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior therapy, 35(4), 639-665. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7894(04)80013-3.
  • Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A. ve Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(1), 1-25.
  • Hayes, S.C. ve Smith, S. (2005). Get out of your mind and into your life: The new acceptance and commitment therapy. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.
  • Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D. ve Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Hefferon, K. ve Boniwell, I. (2014). Pozitif psikoloji: Kuram, araştırma ve uygulamalar (T. Doğan, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık (2011).
  • Holmes, J. (1997). Values in psychotherapy. Australian ve New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 31(3), 331-339.
  • Jambrak, J., Deane, F. P. ve Williams, V. (2014). Value motivations predict burnout and intentions to leave among mental health professionals. Journal of Mental Health, 23(3), 120-124. Doi: 10.3109/09638237.2013.869576.
  • Kabakçı, Ö. F. (2016). Karakter güçleri ve erdemli oluş: güçlü yanlara-dayalı psikolojik danışma ve değerler eğitimine yeni bir yaklaşım. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 6(45), 25-40.
  • Karaırmak, Ö. ve Siviş, R. (2008). Modernizmden postmodernizme geçiş ve pozitif psikoloji. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(30), 102-115.
  • Kelly, T. A. (1990). The role of values in psychotherapy: A critical review of process and outcome effects. Clinical Psychology Review, 10(2), 171-186.
  • Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and value orientations in the theory of action: An exploration in definition and classification. Toward a general theory of action içinde (ss. 388 433). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
  • Korkmaz, H. ve Dilmaç, B. (2021). Predictive relations between psychological well-being, Instagram addiction and values in university students. Research on Education and Psychology, 5(1), 71-82.
  • Kuşdil, M. E. ve Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2000). Türk öğretmenlerin değer yönelimleri ve Schwartz değer kuramı. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15(45), 59-80.
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There are 82 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Social and Personality Psychology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Feyza Topçu 0000-0002-5853-2670

Mehmet Dinç 0000-0001-9544-8999

Early Pub Date June 25, 2024
Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date August 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 51

Cite

APA Topçu, F., & Dinç, M. (2024). Pozitif Psikoterapi ve Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi Açısından Değerler Kavramının İncelenmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(51), 221-240. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1344766

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