Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on apical response type in Regenerative Endodontics: A retrospective study
Year 2022,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 216 - 222, 27.04.2022
Enes Mustafa Aşar
,
Murat Selim Botsalı
Abstract
Amaç: Rejeneratif endodontide son çalışmalar tedavinin farklı kök gelişim tipleri gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Chen ve Chen indeksinde rejeneratif endodontik tedavi sonrasında 5 farklı kök gelişim tipi rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı rejeneratif endodontik tedavide kullanılan trombositten zengin plazma (PRP) ve trombositten zengin fibrin (PRF) iskelelerinin kök yanıt tipi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada rejeneratif endodontik tedavi görmüş 38 tane vaka retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tedavi gören dişlerin 16 tanesine PRP iskelesi, 22 tanesinde PRF iskelesi kullanılmıştır. Her iki tedavi grubunda tedavinin kök gelişim sonuçları radyografik açıdan değerlendirildi. Tüm vakaların kök yanıt tipi Chen ve Chen indeksine göre sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular: Tedavi grupları için en sık görülen apikal yanıt tipi tip 3 bulundu. İstatistiksel açıdan PRP ve PRF tedavi grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Bazı dişlerde kök kanallarında obliterasyonlar görüldü. Sonuç: Rejeneratif endodontik tedavide apikal iyileşme tipini tahmin etmek zordur. Obliterasyonlar, rejeneratif endodontik tedavinin yaygın sonucudur ve zamanla obliterasyon riski artabilir. İyileşme türleri farklılık gösterse de tüm iyileşme türleri dişlerin hayatta kalması açısından başarılı sonuçlar göstermektedir. Amaç: Rejeneratif endodontide son çalışmalar tedavinin farklı kök gelişim tipleri gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Chen ve Chen indeksinde rejeneratif endodontik tedavi sonrasında 5 farklı kök gelişim tipi rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı rejeneratif endodontik tedavide kullanılan trombositten zengin plazma (PRP) ve trombositten zengin fibrin (PRF) iskelelerinin kök yanıt tipi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada rejeneratif endodontik tedavi görmüş 38 tane vaka retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tedavi gören dişlerin 16 tanesine PRP iskelesi, 22 tanesinde PRF iskelesi kullanılmıştır. Her iki tedavi grubunda tedavinin kök gelişim sonuçları radyografik açıdan değerlendirildi. Tüm vakaların kök yanıt tipi Chen ve Chen indeksine göre sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular: Tedavi grupları için en sık görülen apikal yanıt tipi tip 3 bulundu. İstatistiksel açıdan PRP ve PRF tedavi grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Bazı dişlerde kök kanallarında obliterasyonlar görüldü. Sonuç: Rejeneratif endodontik tedavide apikal iyileşme tipini tahmin etmek zordur. Obliterasyonlar, rejeneratif endodontik tedavinin yaygın sonucudur ve zamanla obliterasyon riski artabilir. İyileşme türleri farklılık gösterse de tüm iyileşme türleri dişlerin hayatta kalması açısından başarılı sonuçlar göstermektedir. Background: Recent studies in regenerative endodontics have revealed that treatment shows different types of root growth. In the Chen and Chen index, 5 different types of root growth were reported after regenerative endodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) scaffolds used in regenerative endodontic treatment on apical response type. Methods: In this study, 38 cases who received regenerative endodontic treatment were evaluated retrospectively. PRP scaffold was used in 16 of the cases and PRF scaffold was used in 22 of the cases. Root development results of the treatment in both treatment groups were evaluated radiographically. The root response type of all cases was classified according to the Chen and Chen index. Results: Type 3 was found to be the most common apical response type for the treatment groups. There was no statistically significant difference between PRP and PRF treatment groups. Obliterations were observed in the root canals of some teeth. Conclusion: It is difficult to predict the apical healing type in regenerative endodontic treatment. Obliterations are a common consequence of regenerative endodontic treatment and the risk of obliteration may increase over time. Although the types of healing differ, all types of healing show successful results in terms of the survival of the teeth. Although healing types vary, all healing types shows successful results in terms of dental survival.
Supporting Institution
This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Center of Selçuk University (grant no. 20132025).
References
- 1. Kim S, Malek M, Sigurdsson A, Lin L, Kahler B. Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review. Int Endod J. 2018;51(12):1367-88.
- 2. Iwaya Si, Ikawa M, Kubota M. Revascularization of an immature permanent tooth with apical periodontitis and sinus tract. Dent Traumatol. 2001;17(4):185-7.
- 3. Bose R, Nummikoski P, Hargreaves K. A retrospective evaluation of radiographic outcomes in immature teeth with necrotic root canal systems treated with regenerative endodontic procedures. J Endod. 2009;35(10):1343-9.
- 4. Endodontists AAo. AAE clinical considerations for a regenerative procedure. American Association of Endodontists Chicago, IL, USA; 2018.
- 5. Yılmaz A. Regenerative Endodontics. Eur Oral Res. 2012;46(3):91.
- 6. Thibodeau B, Teixeira F, Yamauchi M, Caplan DJ, Trope M. Pulp revascularization of immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2007;33(6):680-9.
- 7. Chen YP, Jovani‐Sancho MdM, Sheth CC. Is revascularization of immature permanent teeth an effective and reproducible technique? Dent Traumatol. 2015;31(6):429-36.
- 8. Lin LM, Kahler B. A review of regenerative endodontics: current protocols and future directions. Eur Oral Res. 2017;51(3).
- 9. Linsuwanont P, Sinpitaksakul P, Lertsakchai T. Evaluation of root maturation after revitalization in immature permanent teeth with nonvital pulps by cone beam computed tomography and conventional radiographs. Int Endod J. 2017;50(9):836-46.
- 10. Saoud TMA, Zaazou A, Nabil A, Moussa S, Lin LM, Gibbs JL. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of traumatized immature permanent necrotic teeth after revascularization/revitalization therapy. J Endod. 2014;40(12):1946-52.
- 11. Li J, Parada C, Chai Y. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of tooth root development. Development. 2017;144(3):374-84.
- 12. Chen MH, Chen KL, Chen CA, Tayebaty F, Rosenberg P, Lin L. Responses of immature permanent teeth with infected necrotic pulp tissue and apical periodontitis/abscess to revascularization procedures. Int Endod J. 2012;45(3):294-305.
- 13. Murray PE, Garcia-Godoy F, Hargreaves KM. Regenerative endodontics: a review of current status and a call for action. J Endod. 2007;33(4):377-90.
- 14. Torabinejad M, Nosrat A, Verma P, Udochukwu O. Regenerative endodontic treatment or mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod. 2017;43(11):1806-20.
- 15. Ulusoy AT, Turedi I, Cimen M, Cehreli ZC. Evaluation of blood clot, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, and platelet pellet as scaffolds in regenerative endodontic treatment: a prospective randomized trial. J Endod. 2019;45(5):560-6.
- 16. Torabinejad M, Turman M. Revitalization of tooth with necrotic pulp and open apex by using platelet-rich plasma: a case report. J Endod. 2011;37(2):265-8.
- 17. Dohan DM, Choukroun J, Diss A, Dohan SL, Dohan AJ, Mouhyi J, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): a second-generation platelet concentrate. Part I: technological concepts and evolution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101(3):e37-e44.
- 18. Alobaid AS, Cortes LM, Lo J, Nguyen TT, Albert J, Abu-Melha AS, et al. Radiographic and clinical outcomes of the treatment of immature permanent teeth by revascularization or apexification: a pilot retrospective cohort study. J Endod. 2014;40(8):1063-70.
- 19. Botero TM, Tang X, Gardner R, Hu JC, Boynton JR, Holland GR. Clinical evidence for regenerative endodontic procedures: immediate versus delayed induction? J Endod. 2017;43(9):S75-S81.
- 20. Lin J, Zeng Q, Wei X, Zhao W, Cui M, Gu J, et al. Regenerative endodontics versus apexification in immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: a prospective randomized controlled study. J Endod. 2017;43(11):1821-7.
- 21. Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Yamaza T, Tuan RS, Wang S, Shi S, et al. Characterization of the apical papilla and its residing stem cells from human immature permanent teeth: a pilot study. J Endod. 2008;34(2):166-71.
- 22. Jiang X, Liu H. An uncommon type of segmental root development after revitalization. Int Endod J. 2020;53(12):1728-41.
- 23. Selvakumar K, Sujatha V, Srinivasan N, Renganathan SK, Mahalaxmi S. Regenerative Potential of Non-Vital Immature Permanent Maxillary Central Incisors using Platelet Rich Fibrin Scaffold-A Prospective Cohort Study. 2021.
- 24. Jiang X, Liu H, Peng C. Continued root development of immature permanent teeth after regenerative endodontics with or without a collagen membrane: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021.
- 25. Shetty H, Shetty S, Kakade A, Mali S, Shetty A, Neelakantan P. Three-dimensional qualitative and quantitative analyses of the effect of periradicular lesions on the outcome of regenerative endodontic procedures: A prospective clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(2):691-700.
- 26. Shivashankar VY, Johns DA, Maroli RK, Sekar M, Chandrasekaran R, Karthikeyan S, et al. Comparison of the effect of PRP, PRF and induced bleeding in the revascularization of teeth with necrotic pulp and open apex: a triple blind randomized clinical trial. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(6):ZC34.
- 27. Ruparel NB, Teixeira FB, Ferraz CC, Diogenes A. Direct effect of intracanal medicaments on survival of stem cells of the apical papilla. J Endod. 2012;38(10):1372-5.
- 28. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth: John Wiley & Sons; 2018.
- 29. Andreasen FM, Kahler B. Pulpal Response after Acute Dental Injury in the Permanent Dentition: Clinical Implications—A Review. J Endod. 2015;41(3):299-308.
- 30. Nosrat A, Homayounfar N, Oloomi K. Drawbacks and unfavorable outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatments of necrotic immature teeth: a literature review and report of a case. J Endod. 2012;38(10):1428-34.
- 31. Song M, Cao Y, Shin SJ, Shon WJ, Chugal N, Kim RH, et al. Revascularization-associated Intracanal Calcification: Assessment of Prevalence and Contributing Factors. J Endod. 2017;43(12):2025-33.
- 32. Chueh L-H, Ho Y-C, Kuo T-C, Lai W-H, Chen Y-HM, Chiang C-P. Regenerative endodontic treatment for necrotic immature permanent teeth. J Endod. 2009;35(2):160-4.
- 33. Wang X, Thibodeau B, Trope M, Lin LM, Huang GT-J. Histologic characterization of regenerated tissues in canal space after the revitalization/revascularization procedure of immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2010;36(1):56-63.
- 34. Cehreli ZC, Isbitiren B, Sara S, Erbas G. Regenerative endodontic treatment (revascularization) of immature necrotic molars medicated with calcium hydroxide: a case series. J Endod. 2011;37(9):1327-30.
- 35. Geisler TM. Clinical considerations for regenerative endodontic procedures. Dent Clin. 2012;56(3):603-26.
Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on apical response type in Regenerative Endodontics: A retrospective study
Year 2022,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 216 - 222, 27.04.2022
Enes Mustafa Aşar
,
Murat Selim Botsalı
Abstract
Amaç: Rejeneratif endodontide son çalışmalar tedavinin farklı kök gelişim tipleri gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Chen ve Chen indeksinde rejeneratif endodontik tedavi sonrasında 5 farklı kök gelişim tipi rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı rejeneratif endodontik tedavide kullanılan trombositten zengin plazma (PRP) ve trombositten zengin fibrin (PRF) iskelelerinin kök yanıt tipi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada rejeneratif endodontik tedavi görmüş 38 tane vaka retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tedavi gören dişlerin 16 tanesine PRP iskelesi, 22 tanesinde PRF iskelesi kullanılmıştır. Her iki tedavi grubunda tedavinin kök gelişim sonuçları radyografik açıdan değerlendirildi. Tüm vakaların kök yanıt tipi Chen ve Chen indeksine göre sınıflandırıldı.
Bulgular: Tedavi grupları için en sık görülen apikal yanıt tipi tip 3 bulundu. İstatistiksel açıdan PRP ve PRF tedavi grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Bazı dişlerde kök kanallarında obliterasyonlar görüldü.
Sonuç: Rejeneratif endodontik tedavide apikal iyileşme tipini tahmin etmek zordur. Obliterasyonlar, rejeneratif endodontik tedavinin yaygın sonucudur ve zamanla obliterasyon riski artabilir. İyileşme türleri farklılık gösterse de tüm iyileşme türleri dişlerin hayatta kalması açısından başarılı sonuçlar göstermektedir.
Amaç: Rejeneratif endodontide son çalışmalar tedavinin farklı kök gelişim tipleri gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Chen ve Chen indeksinde rejeneratif endodontik tedavi sonrasında 5 farklı kök gelişim tipi rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı rejeneratif endodontik tedavide kullanılan trombositten zengin plazma (PRP) ve trombositten zengin fibrin (PRF) iskelelerinin kök yanıt tipi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada rejeneratif endodontik tedavi görmüş 38 tane vaka retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tedavi gören dişlerin 16 tanesine PRP iskelesi, 22 tanesinde PRF iskelesi kullanılmıştır. Her iki tedavi grubunda tedavinin kök gelişim sonuçları radyografik açıdan değerlendirildi. Tüm vakaların kök yanıt tipi Chen ve Chen indeksine göre sınıflandırıldı.
Bulgular: Tedavi grupları için en sık görülen apikal yanıt tipi tip 3 bulundu. İstatistiksel açıdan PRP ve PRF tedavi grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Bazı dişlerde kök kanallarında obliterasyonlar görüldü.
Sonuç: Rejeneratif endodontik tedavide apikal iyileşme tipini tahmin etmek zordur. Obliterasyonlar, rejeneratif endodontik tedavinin yaygın sonucudur ve zamanla obliterasyon riski artabilir. İyileşme türleri farklılık gösterse de tüm iyileşme türleri dişlerin hayatta kalması açısından başarılı sonuçlar göstermektedir.
Background: Recent studies in regenerative endodontics have revealed that treatment shows different types of root growth. In the Chen and Chen index, 5 different types of root growth were reported after regenerative endodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) scaffolds used in regenerative endodontic treatment on apical response type.
Methods: In this study, 38 cases who received regenerative endodontic treatment were evaluated retrospectively. PRP scaffold was used in 16 of the cases and PRF scaffold was used in 22 of the cases. Root development results of the treatment in both treatment groups were evaluated radiographically. The root response type of all cases was classified according to the Chen and Chen index.
Results: Type 3 was found to be the most common apical response type for the treatment groups. There was no statistically significant difference between PRP and PRF treatment groups. Obliterations were observed in the root canals of some teeth.
Conclusion: It is difficult to predict the apical healing type in regenerative endodontic treatment. Obliterations are a common consequence of regenerative endodontic treatment and the risk of obliteration may increase over time. Although the types of healing differ, all types of healing show successful results in terms of the survival of the teeth. Although healing types vary, all healing types shows successful results in terms of dental survival.
References
- 1. Kim S, Malek M, Sigurdsson A, Lin L, Kahler B. Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review. Int Endod J. 2018;51(12):1367-88.
- 2. Iwaya Si, Ikawa M, Kubota M. Revascularization of an immature permanent tooth with apical periodontitis and sinus tract. Dent Traumatol. 2001;17(4):185-7.
- 3. Bose R, Nummikoski P, Hargreaves K. A retrospective evaluation of radiographic outcomes in immature teeth with necrotic root canal systems treated with regenerative endodontic procedures. J Endod. 2009;35(10):1343-9.
- 4. Endodontists AAo. AAE clinical considerations for a regenerative procedure. American Association of Endodontists Chicago, IL, USA; 2018.
- 5. Yılmaz A. Regenerative Endodontics. Eur Oral Res. 2012;46(3):91.
- 6. Thibodeau B, Teixeira F, Yamauchi M, Caplan DJ, Trope M. Pulp revascularization of immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2007;33(6):680-9.
- 7. Chen YP, Jovani‐Sancho MdM, Sheth CC. Is revascularization of immature permanent teeth an effective and reproducible technique? Dent Traumatol. 2015;31(6):429-36.
- 8. Lin LM, Kahler B. A review of regenerative endodontics: current protocols and future directions. Eur Oral Res. 2017;51(3).
- 9. Linsuwanont P, Sinpitaksakul P, Lertsakchai T. Evaluation of root maturation after revitalization in immature permanent teeth with nonvital pulps by cone beam computed tomography and conventional radiographs. Int Endod J. 2017;50(9):836-46.
- 10. Saoud TMA, Zaazou A, Nabil A, Moussa S, Lin LM, Gibbs JL. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of traumatized immature permanent necrotic teeth after revascularization/revitalization therapy. J Endod. 2014;40(12):1946-52.
- 11. Li J, Parada C, Chai Y. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of tooth root development. Development. 2017;144(3):374-84.
- 12. Chen MH, Chen KL, Chen CA, Tayebaty F, Rosenberg P, Lin L. Responses of immature permanent teeth with infected necrotic pulp tissue and apical periodontitis/abscess to revascularization procedures. Int Endod J. 2012;45(3):294-305.
- 13. Murray PE, Garcia-Godoy F, Hargreaves KM. Regenerative endodontics: a review of current status and a call for action. J Endod. 2007;33(4):377-90.
- 14. Torabinejad M, Nosrat A, Verma P, Udochukwu O. Regenerative endodontic treatment or mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod. 2017;43(11):1806-20.
- 15. Ulusoy AT, Turedi I, Cimen M, Cehreli ZC. Evaluation of blood clot, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, and platelet pellet as scaffolds in regenerative endodontic treatment: a prospective randomized trial. J Endod. 2019;45(5):560-6.
- 16. Torabinejad M, Turman M. Revitalization of tooth with necrotic pulp and open apex by using platelet-rich plasma: a case report. J Endod. 2011;37(2):265-8.
- 17. Dohan DM, Choukroun J, Diss A, Dohan SL, Dohan AJ, Mouhyi J, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): a second-generation platelet concentrate. Part I: technological concepts and evolution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101(3):e37-e44.
- 18. Alobaid AS, Cortes LM, Lo J, Nguyen TT, Albert J, Abu-Melha AS, et al. Radiographic and clinical outcomes of the treatment of immature permanent teeth by revascularization or apexification: a pilot retrospective cohort study. J Endod. 2014;40(8):1063-70.
- 19. Botero TM, Tang X, Gardner R, Hu JC, Boynton JR, Holland GR. Clinical evidence for regenerative endodontic procedures: immediate versus delayed induction? J Endod. 2017;43(9):S75-S81.
- 20. Lin J, Zeng Q, Wei X, Zhao W, Cui M, Gu J, et al. Regenerative endodontics versus apexification in immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: a prospective randomized controlled study. J Endod. 2017;43(11):1821-7.
- 21. Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Yamaza T, Tuan RS, Wang S, Shi S, et al. Characterization of the apical papilla and its residing stem cells from human immature permanent teeth: a pilot study. J Endod. 2008;34(2):166-71.
- 22. Jiang X, Liu H. An uncommon type of segmental root development after revitalization. Int Endod J. 2020;53(12):1728-41.
- 23. Selvakumar K, Sujatha V, Srinivasan N, Renganathan SK, Mahalaxmi S. Regenerative Potential of Non-Vital Immature Permanent Maxillary Central Incisors using Platelet Rich Fibrin Scaffold-A Prospective Cohort Study. 2021.
- 24. Jiang X, Liu H, Peng C. Continued root development of immature permanent teeth after regenerative endodontics with or without a collagen membrane: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021.
- 25. Shetty H, Shetty S, Kakade A, Mali S, Shetty A, Neelakantan P. Three-dimensional qualitative and quantitative analyses of the effect of periradicular lesions on the outcome of regenerative endodontic procedures: A prospective clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(2):691-700.
- 26. Shivashankar VY, Johns DA, Maroli RK, Sekar M, Chandrasekaran R, Karthikeyan S, et al. Comparison of the effect of PRP, PRF and induced bleeding in the revascularization of teeth with necrotic pulp and open apex: a triple blind randomized clinical trial. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(6):ZC34.
- 27. Ruparel NB, Teixeira FB, Ferraz CC, Diogenes A. Direct effect of intracanal medicaments on survival of stem cells of the apical papilla. J Endod. 2012;38(10):1372-5.
- 28. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth: John Wiley & Sons; 2018.
- 29. Andreasen FM, Kahler B. Pulpal Response after Acute Dental Injury in the Permanent Dentition: Clinical Implications—A Review. J Endod. 2015;41(3):299-308.
- 30. Nosrat A, Homayounfar N, Oloomi K. Drawbacks and unfavorable outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatments of necrotic immature teeth: a literature review and report of a case. J Endod. 2012;38(10):1428-34.
- 31. Song M, Cao Y, Shin SJ, Shon WJ, Chugal N, Kim RH, et al. Revascularization-associated Intracanal Calcification: Assessment of Prevalence and Contributing Factors. J Endod. 2017;43(12):2025-33.
- 32. Chueh L-H, Ho Y-C, Kuo T-C, Lai W-H, Chen Y-HM, Chiang C-P. Regenerative endodontic treatment for necrotic immature permanent teeth. J Endod. 2009;35(2):160-4.
- 33. Wang X, Thibodeau B, Trope M, Lin LM, Huang GT-J. Histologic characterization of regenerated tissues in canal space after the revitalization/revascularization procedure of immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2010;36(1):56-63.
- 34. Cehreli ZC, Isbitiren B, Sara S, Erbas G. Regenerative endodontic treatment (revascularization) of immature necrotic molars medicated with calcium hydroxide: a case series. J Endod. 2011;37(9):1327-30.
- 35. Geisler TM. Clinical considerations for regenerative endodontic procedures. Dent Clin. 2012;56(3):603-26.