Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 486 - 491, 21.08.2023
Sinan Kınay
,
Şevkat Bahar Özvarış
References
- Link B, Phelan J. Stigma and its public health implications. The Lancet. 2006;367(9509):528-529. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68184-1
- Piot P. Report On The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2000. https://data.unaids.org/pub/report/2000/2000_gr_en.pdf. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Earnshaw V, Smith L, Chaudoir S, Amico K, Copenhaver M. HIV Stigma Mechanisms and Well-Being Among PLWH: A Test of the HIV Stigma Framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785-1795. doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0437-9
- Kasapoğlu A, Çabuk N, Turan K, Kuş E. Vulnerability assessment of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Turkey. Journal of Sociological Research. 2022;17(2). https://sosyolojidernegi.org.tr/s/2300/i/2014-2-Sosder-Proje_Dernek.pdf. Accessed July 10, 2022
- KARALAR O, YANIKOĞLU N, CEYLAN G, SASANY R, ÇINAR TANRIVERDİ E. Atatürk Ve Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Klinik Öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS Bilgi Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2020. doi:10.15311/selcukdentj.690860
- Süsgün Yıldırım Z, Nacakgediği O, Aydın Hoş C, Bakır E, Bahşi E. Evaluation of knowledge about HIV/AIDS patients among dental students: Findings from Eastern Turkey. International Archives of Medical Research,. 2021;13(1):18-27.
- Günbatan M, Tolonay B, Özçakır Tomruk C, Çapar G. Awareness, knowledge and attitudes of dental students in Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry towards individuals with HIV/AIDS. Yeditepe Dental Journal. 2016;12(1):29-39. doi:10.5505/yeditepe.2016.54264.
- HEREK G, CAPITANIO J. AIDS Stigma and Sexual Prejudice. American Behavioral Scientist. 1999;42(7):1130-1147. doi:10.1177/0002764299042007006
- Grov C, Rendina H, Moody R, Ventuneac A, Parsons J. HIV Serosorting, Status Disclosure, and Strategic Positioning Among Highly Sexually Active Gay and Bisexual Men. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(10):559-568. doi:10.1089/apc.2015.0126.
- Baggaley R, Owen B, Silhol R et al. Does per-act HIV-1 transmission risk through anal sex vary by gender? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2018;80(5):e13039. doi:10.1111/aji.13039
- Valdiserri R. Epidemics in perspective. J Med Humanit Bioeth. 1987;8(2):95-100. doi:10.1007/bf01119854.
Duffy J. The Sanitarians: A History Of American Public Health. University of Illinois Press; 1990:330.;
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HIV-related knowledge and stigma--United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000;49(47):1062-1064.
- Golub SA, Gamarel KE. The impact of anticipated HIV stigma on delays in HIV testing behaviors: findings from a community-based sample of men who have sex with men and transgender women in New York City. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(11):621-627. doi:10.1089/apc.2013.0245.
- Simbayi LC, Kalichman S, Strebel A, Cloete A, Henda N, Mqeketo A. Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa. Soc Sci Med. 2007;64(9):1823-1831. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.01.006.
- Davies L. People living with HIV stigma index implementation guide. www.stigmaindex.org. /wp-content/uploads/2022/02/PLHIV-Stigma-Index-Implementation-Guidelines_EN.pdf. Published 2021. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Gesesew HA, Tesfay Gebremedhin A, Demissie TD, Kerie MW, Sudhakar M, Mwanri L. Significant association between perceived HIV related stigma and late presentation for HIV/AIDS care in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(3):e0173928. Published 2017 Mar 30. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173928.
- Zero discrimination in health care settings. www.unaids.org. /sites/default/files/media_asset/20171129_UNAIDS_PCB41_Zero_discrimination-health-care-settings_17.27_EN.pdf. Published December 12, 2017. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Global partnership for action to eliminate all forms hiv-related stigma and discrimination, UNAIDS GUIDE . https://www.unaids.org. https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/global-partnership-hiv-stigma-discrimination_en.pdf. Published 2017. Accessed July 10, 2022
- Aleixo RQ, Scherma AP, Guimarães G, Cortelli JR, Cortelli SC. DMFT index and oral mucosal lesions associated with HIV infection: Cross-sectional study in Porto Velho, Amazonian region - Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2010;14(5):449-456. doi:10.1590/s1413-86702010000500005
- Oboro HO, Azodo CC, Sede MA. Perception of HIV/AIDS among preclinical dental students. J Prev Med Hyg. 2010;51(4):164-169.
- Cunningham WE, Sohler NL, Tobias C, et al. Health services utilization for people with HIV infection: comparison of a population targeted for outreach with the U.S. population in care. Med Care. 2006;44(11):1038-1047. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000242942.17968.69
- Capilouto EI, Piette J, White BA, Fleishman J. Perceived need for dental care among persons living with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Med Care. 1991;29(8):745-754. doi:10.1097/00005650-199108000-00007
- Marx R, Katz MH, Park MS, Gurley RJ. Meeting the service needs of HIV-infected persons: is the Ryan White CARE Act succeeding?. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997;14(1):44-55. doi:10.1097/00042560-199701010-00008
- Shiboski CH, Palacio H, Neuhaus JM, Greenblatt RM. Dental care access and use among HIV-infected women. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(6):834-839. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.834
- Weissman JS, Makadon HJ, Seage GR 3rd, et al. Changes in insurance status and access to care for persons with AIDS in the Boston Health Study. Am J Public Health. 1994;84(12):1997-2000. doi:10.2105/ajph.84.12.1997
- Andersen R, Bozzette S, Shapiro M et al. Disparities in Care for HIV Patients: Results of the HCSUS Study. Rand.org. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9171.html. Published 2022. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Heslin KC, Cunningham WE, Marcus M, et al. A comparison of unmet needs for dental and medical care among persons with HIV infection receiving care in the United States. J Public Health Dent. 2001;61(1):14-21. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2001.tb03350.x.
- Marcus M, Freed JR, Coulter ID, et al. Perceived unmet need for oral treatment among a national population of HIV-positive medical patients: social and clinical correlates. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(7):1059-1063. doi:10.2105/ajph.90.7.1059
- Freed JR, Marcus M, Freed BA, et al. Oral health findings for HIV-infected adult medical patients from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study [published correction appears in J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Feb;137(2):156]. J Am Dent Assoc. 2005;136(10):1396-1405. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2005.0053.
- Patton LL, Strauss RP, McKaig RG, Porter DR, Eron JJ Jr. Perceived oral health status, unmet needs, and barriers to dental care among HIV/AIDS patients in a North Carolina cohort: impacts of race. J Public Health Dent. 2003;63(2):86-91. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03480.x
- Nittayananta W, Talungchit S, Jaruratanasirikul S, et al. Effects of long-term use of HAART on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects. J Oral Pathol Med. 2010;39(5):397-406. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00875.x
- Weinert M, Grimes RM, Lynch DP. Oral manifestations of HIV infection. Ann Intern Med. 1996;125(6):485-496. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00010
- Oberoi S, Sharma N, Mohanty V, Marya C, Rekhi A, Oberoi A. Knowledge and Attitude of Faculty Members Working in Dental Institutions towards the Dental Treatment of Patients with HIV/AIDS. Int Sch Res Notices. 2014;2014:1-10. doi:10.1155/2014/429692
- Giuliani M, Lajolo C, Rezza G, et al. Dental care and HIV-infected individuals: Are they equally treated? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 2005;33(6):447-453. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00247.x
- Askarian M, Mirzaei K, Assadian O. Iranians' attitudes about possible human immunodeficiency virus transmission in dental settings. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28(2):234-237. doi:10.1086/509860
- McCarthy GM, Koval JJ, MacDonald JK. Factors associated with refusal to treat HIV-infected patients: the results of a national survey of dentists in Canada. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(4):541-545. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.4.541
- İnce N. Evaluation of awareness and attitudes of dentists about HIV / AIDS and oral lesions. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi. 2019:202-207. doi:10.18521/ktd.551139
- Eisinger RW, Dieffenbach CW, Fauci AS. HIV Viral Load and Transmissibility of HIV Infection: Undetectable Equals Untransmittable. JAMA. 2019;321(5):451-452. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.21167
- Külekçi G. DİŞHEKİMLİĞİNDE BULAŞICI MESLEK HASTALIKLARI-OCCUPATIONAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN DENTISTRY. J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent. 2013; 24(4): 191-193.
- Curioso WH, Kurth AE. Access, use and perceptions regarding Internet, cell phones and PDAs as a means for health promotion for people living with HIV in Peru. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2007;12:7-24.
- Pozitif Yaşam Derneği, 2022. SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI HIV STİGMA TESPİT ÇALIŞMASI RAPORU. [online] Available at: <https://pozitifyasam.org/wp-content/uploads/Raporlar/Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k%20%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fanlar%C4%B1%20HIV%20Stigma%20Raporu.pdf> [Accessed 10 July 2022].
- Cunningham CO, Li X, Ramsey K, Sohler NL. A comparison of HIV health services utilization measures in a marginalized population: self-report versus medical records. Med Care. 2007;45(3):264-268. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000250294.16240.2e
- Earnshaw VA, Chaudoir SR. From conceptualizing to measuring HIV stigma: a review of HIV stigma mechanism measures. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(6):1160-1177. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9593-3
- Hazelkorn HM. The reaction of dentists to members of groups at risk of AIDS. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1989;119(5):611-619. doi:10.1016/s0002-8177(89)95013-7
- Gerbert B, Sumser J, Chamberlin K, Maguire BT, Greenblatt RM, McMaster JR. Dental care experience of HIV-positive patients. J Am Dent Assoc. 1989;119(5):601-603. doi:10.1016/s0002-8177(89)95011-3
- Scheutz F. HIV infection and dental care: views and experiences among HIV-seropositive patients. AIDS Care. 1990;2(1):37-42. doi:10.1080/09540129008257711
- Shiboski CH, Palacio H, Neuhaus JM, Greenblatt RM. Dental care access and use among HIV-infected women. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(6):834-839. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.834
- Giuliani M, Lajolo C, Rezza G, et al. Dental care and HIV-infected individuals: Are they equally treated? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 2005;33(6):447-453. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00247.x
- Levett T, Slide C, Mallick F, Lau R. Access to dental care for HIV patients: does it matter and does discrimination exist?. Int J STD AIDS. 2009;20(11):782-784. doi:10.1258/ijsa.2009.009182
- Brondani MA, Phillips JC, Kerston RP, Moniri NR. STIGMA AROUND HIV IN DENTAL CARE: PATIENTS' EXPERIENCES. J Can Dent Assoc. 2016;82:g1
Breaking barriers: HIV/AIDS and the dental patient. Edmonton: Alberta Dental Association and College; 2006. Available: www.dal.ca/content/dam/dalhousie/pdf/dentistry/HIVandDentalCare.pdf
- McCarthy GM, Haji FS, Mackie ID. HIV-infected patients and dental care: nondisclosure of HIV status and rejection for treatment. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics. 1995 Dec;80(6):655-659. DOI: 10.1016/s1079-2104(05)80246-x. PMID: 8680970.
- Azodo C, Umoh A, Ezeja E, Ukpebor M. A survey of HIV-related knowledge and attitude among dental nursing students in South Western Nigeria. Benin Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2009;9(1). doi:10.4314/bjpm.v9i1.47367
- Loignon C, Allison P, Landry A, Richard L, Brodeur JM, Bedos C. Providing humanistic care: dentists' experiences in deprived areas. J Dent Res. 2010;89(9):991-995. doi:10.1177/0022034510370822
- Feng I, Brondani M, Bedos C, Donnelly L. Access to oral health care for people living with HIV/AIDS attending a community-based program. Can J Dent Hyg. 2020;54(1):7-15. Published 2020 Feb 1.
Ağız Ve Diş Sağlığı Hizmetlerinde HIV/AIDS Stigması
Year 2023,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 486 - 491, 21.08.2023
Sinan Kınay
,
Şevkat Bahar Özvarış
Abstract
HIV ve HIV ile ilişkili stigmalar söz konusu özneleri hayatın her alanında etkilediği gibi sağlık alanında da olumsuz etkilemektedir. Gündemde yerini edinmeye başlayan, diş hekimleri arasında ve ağız, diş sağlığı hizmetlerinde oluşan HIV fobisi ve damgalamalarının nedenini konuşmak ve olası etkilerini tartışmak gerekmektedir. HIV ile yaşayan insanların sağlığının geliştirilmesi ve cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklara karşı gelişen olumsuz tepkilerin devam etmemesi için bu konuda daha çok çalışma yapılması gerekmektedir.
References
- Link B, Phelan J. Stigma and its public health implications. The Lancet. 2006;367(9509):528-529. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68184-1
- Piot P. Report On The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2000. https://data.unaids.org/pub/report/2000/2000_gr_en.pdf. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Earnshaw V, Smith L, Chaudoir S, Amico K, Copenhaver M. HIV Stigma Mechanisms and Well-Being Among PLWH: A Test of the HIV Stigma Framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785-1795. doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0437-9
- Kasapoğlu A, Çabuk N, Turan K, Kuş E. Vulnerability assessment of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Turkey. Journal of Sociological Research. 2022;17(2). https://sosyolojidernegi.org.tr/s/2300/i/2014-2-Sosder-Proje_Dernek.pdf. Accessed July 10, 2022
- KARALAR O, YANIKOĞLU N, CEYLAN G, SASANY R, ÇINAR TANRIVERDİ E. Atatürk Ve Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Klinik Öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS Bilgi Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2020. doi:10.15311/selcukdentj.690860
- Süsgün Yıldırım Z, Nacakgediği O, Aydın Hoş C, Bakır E, Bahşi E. Evaluation of knowledge about HIV/AIDS patients among dental students: Findings from Eastern Turkey. International Archives of Medical Research,. 2021;13(1):18-27.
- Günbatan M, Tolonay B, Özçakır Tomruk C, Çapar G. Awareness, knowledge and attitudes of dental students in Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry towards individuals with HIV/AIDS. Yeditepe Dental Journal. 2016;12(1):29-39. doi:10.5505/yeditepe.2016.54264.
- HEREK G, CAPITANIO J. AIDS Stigma and Sexual Prejudice. American Behavioral Scientist. 1999;42(7):1130-1147. doi:10.1177/0002764299042007006
- Grov C, Rendina H, Moody R, Ventuneac A, Parsons J. HIV Serosorting, Status Disclosure, and Strategic Positioning Among Highly Sexually Active Gay and Bisexual Men. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(10):559-568. doi:10.1089/apc.2015.0126.
- Baggaley R, Owen B, Silhol R et al. Does per-act HIV-1 transmission risk through anal sex vary by gender? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2018;80(5):e13039. doi:10.1111/aji.13039
- Valdiserri R. Epidemics in perspective. J Med Humanit Bioeth. 1987;8(2):95-100. doi:10.1007/bf01119854.
Duffy J. The Sanitarians: A History Of American Public Health. University of Illinois Press; 1990:330.;
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HIV-related knowledge and stigma--United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000;49(47):1062-1064.
- Golub SA, Gamarel KE. The impact of anticipated HIV stigma on delays in HIV testing behaviors: findings from a community-based sample of men who have sex with men and transgender women in New York City. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2013;27(11):621-627. doi:10.1089/apc.2013.0245.
- Simbayi LC, Kalichman S, Strebel A, Cloete A, Henda N, Mqeketo A. Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa. Soc Sci Med. 2007;64(9):1823-1831. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.01.006.
- Davies L. People living with HIV stigma index implementation guide. www.stigmaindex.org. /wp-content/uploads/2022/02/PLHIV-Stigma-Index-Implementation-Guidelines_EN.pdf. Published 2021. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Gesesew HA, Tesfay Gebremedhin A, Demissie TD, Kerie MW, Sudhakar M, Mwanri L. Significant association between perceived HIV related stigma and late presentation for HIV/AIDS care in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(3):e0173928. Published 2017 Mar 30. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173928.
- Zero discrimination in health care settings. www.unaids.org. /sites/default/files/media_asset/20171129_UNAIDS_PCB41_Zero_discrimination-health-care-settings_17.27_EN.pdf. Published December 12, 2017. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Global partnership for action to eliminate all forms hiv-related stigma and discrimination, UNAIDS GUIDE . https://www.unaids.org. https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/global-partnership-hiv-stigma-discrimination_en.pdf. Published 2017. Accessed July 10, 2022
- Aleixo RQ, Scherma AP, Guimarães G, Cortelli JR, Cortelli SC. DMFT index and oral mucosal lesions associated with HIV infection: Cross-sectional study in Porto Velho, Amazonian region - Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2010;14(5):449-456. doi:10.1590/s1413-86702010000500005
- Oboro HO, Azodo CC, Sede MA. Perception of HIV/AIDS among preclinical dental students. J Prev Med Hyg. 2010;51(4):164-169.
- Cunningham WE, Sohler NL, Tobias C, et al. Health services utilization for people with HIV infection: comparison of a population targeted for outreach with the U.S. population in care. Med Care. 2006;44(11):1038-1047. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000242942.17968.69
- Capilouto EI, Piette J, White BA, Fleishman J. Perceived need for dental care among persons living with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Med Care. 1991;29(8):745-754. doi:10.1097/00005650-199108000-00007
- Marx R, Katz MH, Park MS, Gurley RJ. Meeting the service needs of HIV-infected persons: is the Ryan White CARE Act succeeding?. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997;14(1):44-55. doi:10.1097/00042560-199701010-00008
- Shiboski CH, Palacio H, Neuhaus JM, Greenblatt RM. Dental care access and use among HIV-infected women. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(6):834-839. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.834
- Weissman JS, Makadon HJ, Seage GR 3rd, et al. Changes in insurance status and access to care for persons with AIDS in the Boston Health Study. Am J Public Health. 1994;84(12):1997-2000. doi:10.2105/ajph.84.12.1997
- Andersen R, Bozzette S, Shapiro M et al. Disparities in Care for HIV Patients: Results of the HCSUS Study. Rand.org. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9171.html. Published 2022. Accessed July 10, 2022.
- Heslin KC, Cunningham WE, Marcus M, et al. A comparison of unmet needs for dental and medical care among persons with HIV infection receiving care in the United States. J Public Health Dent. 2001;61(1):14-21. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2001.tb03350.x.
- Marcus M, Freed JR, Coulter ID, et al. Perceived unmet need for oral treatment among a national population of HIV-positive medical patients: social and clinical correlates. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(7):1059-1063. doi:10.2105/ajph.90.7.1059
- Freed JR, Marcus M, Freed BA, et al. Oral health findings for HIV-infected adult medical patients from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study [published correction appears in J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Feb;137(2):156]. J Am Dent Assoc. 2005;136(10):1396-1405. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2005.0053.
- Patton LL, Strauss RP, McKaig RG, Porter DR, Eron JJ Jr. Perceived oral health status, unmet needs, and barriers to dental care among HIV/AIDS patients in a North Carolina cohort: impacts of race. J Public Health Dent. 2003;63(2):86-91. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03480.x
- Nittayananta W, Talungchit S, Jaruratanasirikul S, et al. Effects of long-term use of HAART on oral health status of HIV-infected subjects. J Oral Pathol Med. 2010;39(5):397-406. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00875.x
- Weinert M, Grimes RM, Lynch DP. Oral manifestations of HIV infection. Ann Intern Med. 1996;125(6):485-496. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00010
- Oberoi S, Sharma N, Mohanty V, Marya C, Rekhi A, Oberoi A. Knowledge and Attitude of Faculty Members Working in Dental Institutions towards the Dental Treatment of Patients with HIV/AIDS. Int Sch Res Notices. 2014;2014:1-10. doi:10.1155/2014/429692
- Giuliani M, Lajolo C, Rezza G, et al. Dental care and HIV-infected individuals: Are they equally treated? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 2005;33(6):447-453. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00247.x
- Askarian M, Mirzaei K, Assadian O. Iranians' attitudes about possible human immunodeficiency virus transmission in dental settings. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007;28(2):234-237. doi:10.1086/509860
- McCarthy GM, Koval JJ, MacDonald JK. Factors associated with refusal to treat HIV-infected patients: the results of a national survey of dentists in Canada. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(4):541-545. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.4.541
- İnce N. Evaluation of awareness and attitudes of dentists about HIV / AIDS and oral lesions. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi. 2019:202-207. doi:10.18521/ktd.551139
- Eisinger RW, Dieffenbach CW, Fauci AS. HIV Viral Load and Transmissibility of HIV Infection: Undetectable Equals Untransmittable. JAMA. 2019;321(5):451-452. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.21167
- Külekçi G. DİŞHEKİMLİĞİNDE BULAŞICI MESLEK HASTALIKLARI-OCCUPATIONAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN DENTISTRY. J Istanbul Univ Fac Dent. 2013; 24(4): 191-193.
- Curioso WH, Kurth AE. Access, use and perceptions regarding Internet, cell phones and PDAs as a means for health promotion for people living with HIV in Peru. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2007;12:7-24.
- Pozitif Yaşam Derneği, 2022. SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI HIV STİGMA TESPİT ÇALIŞMASI RAPORU. [online] Available at: <https://pozitifyasam.org/wp-content/uploads/Raporlar/Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k%20%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fanlar%C4%B1%20HIV%20Stigma%20Raporu.pdf> [Accessed 10 July 2022].
- Cunningham CO, Li X, Ramsey K, Sohler NL. A comparison of HIV health services utilization measures in a marginalized population: self-report versus medical records. Med Care. 2007;45(3):264-268. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000250294.16240.2e
- Earnshaw VA, Chaudoir SR. From conceptualizing to measuring HIV stigma: a review of HIV stigma mechanism measures. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(6):1160-1177. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9593-3
- Hazelkorn HM. The reaction of dentists to members of groups at risk of AIDS. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1989;119(5):611-619. doi:10.1016/s0002-8177(89)95013-7
- Gerbert B, Sumser J, Chamberlin K, Maguire BT, Greenblatt RM, McMaster JR. Dental care experience of HIV-positive patients. J Am Dent Assoc. 1989;119(5):601-603. doi:10.1016/s0002-8177(89)95011-3
- Scheutz F. HIV infection and dental care: views and experiences among HIV-seropositive patients. AIDS Care. 1990;2(1):37-42. doi:10.1080/09540129008257711
- Shiboski CH, Palacio H, Neuhaus JM, Greenblatt RM. Dental care access and use among HIV-infected women. Am J Public Health. 1999;89(6):834-839. doi:10.2105/ajph.89.6.834
- Giuliani M, Lajolo C, Rezza G, et al. Dental care and HIV-infected individuals: Are they equally treated? Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 2005;33(6):447-453. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00247.x
- Levett T, Slide C, Mallick F, Lau R. Access to dental care for HIV patients: does it matter and does discrimination exist?. Int J STD AIDS. 2009;20(11):782-784. doi:10.1258/ijsa.2009.009182
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Breaking barriers: HIV/AIDS and the dental patient. Edmonton: Alberta Dental Association and College; 2006. Available: www.dal.ca/content/dam/dalhousie/pdf/dentistry/HIVandDentalCare.pdf
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