Effects of Managers’ Dark Personality Traits on Employees’ Burnout Level

Year 2019, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 194 - 203, 30.04.2019

Emrah Özsoy

https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.501108

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Examining the
dark side of personality in an organizational context has been increasing in
the international literature in recent years. However, the organizational
impacts of the dark personality traits of the employees who are in the
managerial position in our country are not taken into consideration. In this
study, the effects of perceived dark personality traits (narcissism,
Machiavellism, and psychopathy) of employees from their managers on burnout levels
of employees were examined. In this context, a total of 243 employees from
various branches of a private bank operating in Istanbul participated in the
study. Each of the dark personality traits of managers perceived by their
employees was positively related to employees’ burnout. In the multiple
regression analysis, only perceived psychopathy from the managers positively
affected burnout. Research findings are discussed in terms of theoretical and
empirical background and some research proposals have been proposed.

Keywords

Managers, Narcissism, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Burnout

Yöneticilerin Karanlık Kişilik Özelliklerinin Çalışanların Tükenmişlik Düzeylerine Etkisi

Abstract

Kişiliğin karanlık yönünün örgütsel bağlamda incelenmesi son
dönemlerde uluslararası literatürde giderek artmaktadır. Ancak ülkemizde
yönetsel pozisyonda olan çalışanların karanlık kişilik özelliklerinin örgütsel
etkilerinin incelenmesi gerekli ilgiyi görmemektedir. Bu çalışmada çalışanların
yöneticilerinden algıladıkları karanlık kişilik özelliklerinin (narsisizm,
Makyavelizm ve psikopati), çalışanların tükenmişliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir.
Bu kapsamda İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren özel bir bankanın çeşitli
şubelerinden toplamda 243 çalışan araştırmaya katılmıştır. Çalışanların
yöneticilerinden algıladıkları karanlık kişilik özelliklerinin her biri
çalışanların tükenmişlikleri ile pozitif ilişkilenmiştir. Çoklu regresyon
analizinde ise sadece yöneticilerden algılanan psikopati eğilimi çalışanların
tükenmişliğini pozitif etkilemiştir. Araştırma bulguları, teorik ve ampirik
arka plan açısından tartışılmış ve birtakım araştırma önerileri ileri
sürülmüştür.

Keywords

Yöneticiler, Narsisizm, Makyavelizm, Psikopati, Tükenmişlik

References

• Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5. Baskı). Washington, DC: Londra, İngiltere. American Psychiatric Association.
• Babiak, P., & Hare R. D. (2006). Snakes in suits: When psychopaths go to work. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
• Back, M. D., Schmukle S. C., & Egloff, B. (2010). Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism-popularity link at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 98, 132–145.
• Back, M. D., Schmukle, S. C., & Egloff, B. (2010). Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism-popularity link at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 98, 132–145.
• Boddy, C. R. (2011a). Corporate Psychopaths: Organizational Destroyers. Londra CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne. ISBN 978–0–230–28472–2.
• Boddy, C. R. (2011b). Corporate psychopaths, bullying and unfair supervision in the workplace. Journal of Business Ethics, 100, 367-379.
• Campbell, W. K., Bush, C. P., Brunell, A. B., & Shelton, J. (2005). Understanding the social costs of narcissism: The case of tragedy of the commons. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1358-1368.
• Campbell, W. K., Hoffman, B. J., Campbell, S. M., & Marchisio, G. (2010). Narcissism in organizational contexts. Human resource management review, 21, 268-284.Christie, R., & Geis, F. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York: Academic Press.
• Cooke, D. J., & Michie, C. (1999). Psychopathy across cultures: North America and Scotland compared. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 8, 55-68.
• Cooke, D. J., & Michie, C. (1999). Psychopathy across cultures: North America and Scotland compared. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 8, 55-68.
• Deluga, R. J. (1997). Relationship among American presidential charismatic leadership, narcissism, and rated performance. The Leadership Quarterly ,8, 51-67.
• Ergin, C. (1992). Doktor ve hemşirelerde tükenmişlik ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Öçeği’nin uyarlanması. VII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
• Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 469-486.
• Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 469-486.Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10-year review. Social and Personality Compass, 7, 199-216.
• Gladwell, M. (2002). The Talent Myth: Are smart people over-rated. The New Yorker, 22, 28-33.
• Gudmundsson, A., & Southey, G. (2011). Leadership and the rise of the corporate psychopath: What can business schools do about the ‘snakes inside’? e-Journal of Social&Behavioural Research in Business, 2, 18-27.
• Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2005). What we know about leadership. Journal of General Psychology, 9, 169-180.
• Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The Dirty Dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. Psychological Assessment, 22, 420-432.
• Jonason, P. K., Koenig, B., & Tost, J. (2010). Living a fast life: The Dark Triadand Life. Facilitating short-term mating in men. European Journal of Personality, 23, 5-18.Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28-41.
• Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., & Kosalka, T. (2009). The bright and dark sides of leader traits: A review and theoretical extension of the leader trait paradigm. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 855-875.
• Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., & Kosalka, T. (2009). The bright and dark sides of leader traits: A review and theoretical extension of the leader trait paradigm. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 855-875.
• Kaiser, R.B., LeBreton, J.M., & Hogan, J. (2015). The dark side of personality and extreme leader behavior. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 64, 55-92.
• Kessler, S. R., Bandelli, A. C., Spector, P. E., Borman, W. C., Nelson, C. E., & Penney, L. M. (2010). Re-examining Machiavelli: A three dimensional model of Machiavellianism in the workplace. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40, 1868-1896.
• Khoo, H. S., & Burch, G. S. J. (2008). The ‘dark side’ of leadership personality and transformational leadership: An exploratory study. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 86-97.
• Levashina, J., & Campion, M. A. (2007). Measuring faking in the employment interview: Development and validation of an interview faking behavior scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1638-1656.
• Mahaffey, K. J., & Marcus, D. K. (2006). Interpersonal Perception of Psychopathy: A Social Relations Analysis. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25, 53-74.
• Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1986). Maslach Burnout Inventory. Manual (2nd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
• Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B., & Leiter, M.P. (2001). ‘Job burnout’, Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397-422.
• Mathieu, C., Neumann, C. S., Hare, R. D., & Babiak, P. (2014). A dark side of leadership: Corporate psychopathy and its influence on employee well-being and job satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 83–88.
• Mcleod, A., & Genereux, R. L. (2008). Predicting the acceptability and likelihood of lying: The interaction of personality with type of lie Beverly. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 591-596.
• Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., Otgaar, H., & Meijer, E. (2016). The malevolent side of human nature: A meta-analysis and critical review of the literature on the Dark Triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). Perspectives on Psychological Science, doi: 10.1037/a0025679.
• O’Boyle, E. H. Jr., Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., & McDaniel, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the Dark Triad and work behavior: A social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 557-579.
• O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 1996-2003. Journal of Business Ethics, 59, 375-413.
• Oltmanns, T. F., Friedman, J. N., Fiedler, E. R., & Turkheimer, E. (2004). Perceptions of people with personality disorders based on thin slices of behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 216-229.
• Oltmanns, T. F., Friedman, J. N., Fiedler, E. R.,& Turkheimer, E. (2004). Perceptions of people with personality disorders based on thin slices of behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 216-229.
• Özsoy, E. (2018, Baskıda). Dark Triad and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Which of the Dark Triad Traits is More Malevolent? Journal of Business Research-Turk, 10 (4).
• Özsoy, E., Rauthmann, J. F., Jonason, P. K., & Ardıç, K. (2017). Reliability and validity of Turkish version of Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (DTDD-T), Short Dark Triad (SD3-T) and Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS-T), Personality and Individual Differences, 117, 11–14.
• Paulhus, D.L., & Williams, K.M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556-563.
• Post, J. M. (1993). Current concepts of the narcissistic personality: implications for political psychology. Political Psychology, 14, 99-121.
• Raskin, R. N., & Hall, C. S. (1979). A Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Psychological Reports, 45, 590-590.
• Sanecka, E. (2013). Perceived supervisor’s subclinical psychopathy, and subordinate’s organizational commitment, job satisfaction and satisfaction with executive. Journal of Education Culture and Society, 2, 172-191.
• Schyns, B. (2015). Dark personality in the workplace: Introduction to the special issue. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 64, 1-14.
• Shurden, S. B. (2015). Identifying the effects of narcissistic leadership on employee job satisfaction: A study within the accounting profession. Yayımlanmamış Doktora tezi. Clemson Universitesi.
• Spain, S. M., Harms, P., & LeBreton, J. M. (2014). The darkside of personality at work. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 35, 41-60.
• Volmer, J., Koch, I. K., & Göritz, A. S. (2016). The bright and dark sides of leaders' Dark Triadtraits: Effects on subordinates' career success and well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 413-418.
• Vredenburgh, D., & Shea-VanFossen, R. (2010). Human nature, organizational politics, and human resource development. Human Resource Development Review, 9, 26.
• Wellons, S. (2012). The devil in the boardroom: corporate psychopaths and their impact on business. Pure Insights, 1, 40-45.