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Yaşlılarda Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 16 - 32, 04.07.2023

Abstract

Dünya genelinde giderek artan yaşlı nüfus toplum sağlığı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Yaşlı bireylerle çalışmak için geçerli ve güvenilir ölçüm araçlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bahsi geçen ihtiyaca katkı sunmak için Yaşlılarda Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği’ni (YPİOÖ) geliştirmektir. Çalışmada YPİOÖ’nün psikometrik özelliklerine ilişkin bulgulara yer verilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini incelemek amacıyla Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliğini saptamak amacıyla Warwick-Edinburg Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği, Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği Kısa Formu (GDÖ-KF) ve YPİOÖ puanları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık ve bileşik güvenirlik katsayıları ile ölçeğin güvenirliği incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı 0,89 ve bileşik güvenirlik katsayısı 0,90 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçek çalışması için oluşturulan örneklem 370 kişiden (110 kadın, 260 erkek) oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş aralığı 60-90 ve yaş ortalamaları 68,7±6,17’dir. AFA sonuçları doğrultusunda, ölçek tek faktörlü yapıda olup; ölçeğin 15 maddesi toplam varyansın %41,8’ini açıklamaktadır. Ölçeğin faktör yükleri 0,55 ile 0,75 arasında değişmektedir. DFA yöntemiyle farklı bir örneklem grubunda ölçeğin tek faktörlü yapısı sınanmış ve yapının doğrulandığı sonucu elde edilmiştir (x²/ Df = 175,626/80, NFI =0,90, CFI = 0,91, IFI = 0,91, RFI = 0,80, AGFI = 0,84, SRMR = 0,06, RMSEA = 0,06). Yapılan ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışması sonucunda anlamlı ilişkiler elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin madde toplam korelasyon değerleri ise 0,48 ile 0,69 arasında değişmektedir. Yaşlılarda Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği yaşlı bireylerde mutluluğu ve aynı zamanda iyi oluşu ölçmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabilir.

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Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 16 - 32, 04.07.2023

Abstract

References

  • Akhavan Tafti, M., & Mofradnezhad, N. (2018). The relationship of emotional intelligence and social skills with psychological well-being in the elderly. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 13(3), 334-345.
  • Allahverdipour, H., Karimzadeh, Z., Alizadeh, N., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., & Javadivala, Z. (2021). Psychological well-being and happiness among middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study. Health Care for Women İnternational, 42(1), 28-42.
  • Arslan, G., & Coşkun, M. (2020). Student subjective wellbeing, school functioning, and psychological adjustment in high school adolescents: A latent variable analysis. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 4(2), 153-164.
  • Arslan, G., Yıldırım, M. ve Zangeneh, M. (2021). Coronavirus anxiety and psychological adjustment in college students: Exploring the role of college belongingness and social media addiction. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00460-4.
  • Badahdah, A. M., Khamis, F., & Al Mahyijari, N. (2020). The psychological well-being of physicians during COVID-19 outbreak in Oman. Psychiatry Research, 289, 113053.
  • Bahar, N. T., & Başıbüyük, H. H. (2020). Alkol, sigara, medikal cihaz kullanımı ve yaşlılıkta iyilik hali. Gevher Nesıbe Journal of Medıcal and Health Scıences, 5(8), 61-66.
  • Berk, L., Hotterbeekx, R., Van Os, J., & Van Boxtel, M. (2018). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in middle-aged and older adults with memory complaints: a mixed-methods study. Aging & Mental Health, 22(9), 1113-1120.
  • Bidzan-Bluma, I., Bidzan, M., Jurek, P., Bidzan, L., Knietzsch, J., Stueck, M., & Bidzan, M. (2020). A Polish and German population study of quality of life, well-being, and life satisfaction in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 585813.
  • Burke, W. J., Roccaforte, W. H., & Wengel, S. P. (1991). The short form of the geriatric depression scale: a comparison with the 30-item form. Topics in Geriatrics, 4(3), 173-178.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2004) Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Chan, M. C., Chung, E. K., & Yeung, D. Y. (2021). Attitudes toward retirement drive the effects of retirement preparation on psychological and physical well-being of Hong Kong Chinese retirees over time. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 93(1), 584-600.
  • Chida, Y., & Steptoe, A. (2008). Positive psychological well-being and mortality: a quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70(7), 741-756.
  • Clarke, P. J., Marshall, V. W., Ryff, C. D., & Wheaton, B. (2001). Measuring psychological well-being in the Canadian study of health and aging. International Psychogeriatrics, 13(S1), 79-90.
  • Collins, A. L., Goldman, N., & Rodríguez, G. (2008). Is positive well-being protective of mobility limitations among older adults?. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 63(6), P321-P327.
  • Crews D., (2003), Human Senescence: Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspectives, First ed. UK, Cambrige Universty Press, p.3-6.
  • Çeri, V. ve Çiçek, İ. (2021). Psychological well-being, depression and stress during Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and non-healthcare professionals. Psychology. Health & Medicine, 26(1), 85-97.
  • Dağlı, A., & Baysal, N. (2016). Yaşam doyumu ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(59).
  • Dawson B., & Trapp R.G. (2001). Probability & Related Topics For Making İnferences About Data. Basic&Clinical Biostatistics. (3rd Edition). Lange Medical Books/Mcgraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Facilitating Optimal Motivation And Psychological Well-Being Across Life’s Domains: Correction To Deci And Ryan.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542-575.
  • Diener, E., & Chan, M. Y. (2011). Happy people live longer: Subjective well‐being contributes to health and longevity. Applied Psychology. Health and Well‐Being, 3(1), 1-43.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
  • Diener, E., Scollon, C. N., & Lucas, R. E. (2009). The evolving concept of subjective well-being: The multifaceted nature of happiness. Social Indicators Research Series, 39, 67-100.
  • Doğan, T., & Aydın, F. T. (2020). Olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. HAYEF: Journal Of Education, 17(1), 1-19.
  • Doğan, T., & Sapmaz, F. (2012). Oxford mutluluk ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özelliklerinin üniversite öğrencilerinde incelenmesi. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi, 25(4), 297-304.
  • Durmaz, B., Soysal, P., Ellidokuz, H., & Isik, A. T. (2018). Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale-15 (short form) in Turkish older adults. Northern clinics of İstanbul, 5(3), 216.
  • Eggleston, Elisabeth, Wong Emelia L., Hardee, Karen, Irwanto, Poerwandari, Kristi E. And Lawrance J. Severy (2001). “Measuring Women’s Psychological Well-Being in Indonesia.” Women and Health, 32 (4): 17-33.
  • Eser, B., & Aksu, S. K. (2021). Yaşlanan nüfus, sorunlar ve politikalar: Türkiye için bir değerlendirme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 12(2), 541-556.
  • Fava, G. A., & Tomba, E. (2009). Increasing psychological well‐being and resilience by psychotherapeutic methods. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1903-1934.
  • Francis, A. W., Dawson, D. L. ve Golijani-Moghaddam, N. (2016). The development and validation of the Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. 5, 134-145.
  • Gassman-Pines, A., Ananat, E. O., & Fitz-Henley, J. (2020). COVID-19 and parent-child psychological well-being. Pediatrics, 146(4).
  • George, L. K. (2010). Still happy after all these years: Research frontiers on subjective well-being in later life. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 65(3), 331-339.
  • Ghasempour, A., Jodat, H., Soleimani, M., & Zhalehshabanlo, K. (2013). Happiness as a predictor of psychological well-being of male athlete students. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 1(2), 25-32.
  • Ghimire, S., Baral, B. K., Karmacharya, I., Callahan, K., & Mishra, S. R. (2018). Life satisfaction among elderly patients in Nepal: associations with nutritional and mental well-being. Health And Quality Of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 1-10.
  • Hanawi, S. A., Saat, N. Z. M., Zulkafly, M., Hazlenah, H., Taibukahn, N. H., Yoganathan, D., ... & Low, F. J. (2020). Impact of a Healthy Lifestyle on the Psychological Well-being of University Students. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 9(2), 1-7.
  • Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological well‐being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health And Well‐Being, 1(2), 137-164.
  • Karakuş, S. ve Akbay, S. E. (2020). Psikolojik esneklik ölçeği: uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 32-43.
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There are 69 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Social Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Zeynep Gümüş Demir 0000-0003-4474-4813

Early Pub Date January 12, 2023
Publication Date July 4, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gümüş Demir, Z. (2023). Yaşlılarda Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi. Senex: Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 16-32.