Araştırma Makalesi
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A Conceptual Review on the Usability of Augmented and Virtual Reality Technologies in Tourism

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 165 - 178, 30.12.2024

Öz

Technology renews itself day by day. In this context, the tourism sector should follow these technological innovations within itself. In particular, Augmented Reality (AR) technology has the potential to bring revolutionary changes to the tourism industry. AR is a technology that enriches user experiences by adding digital content to the physical world. Therefore, it is thought that the use of augmented reality and virtual reality technologies in the tourism sector will become widespread. Due to the lack of guiding and insightful scientific studies, it is thought that there is a deficiency in the development and application of these technologies in related sectors. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the awareness and applicability of AR and VR technologies not only in the theoretical fields of tourism but also in practical applications. Specific research on these technologies, which are still in their developmental stages, will provide insights for investments in their practical applications and contribute to their development. For this reason, content analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used. In this context, topics and concepts related to the tourism sector were reviewed and related studies in the literature were analyzed. As a result, deficiencies in the field of practice were revealed and necessary sectoral and scientific suggestions were made.

Kaynakça

  • Antonioli, M., Blake, C. & Sparks, K. (2014). Augmented Reality Applications in Education. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 7(2), 1-15.
  • Azuma, R. T. (1997). A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4), 355-385.
  • Bekele, M. K., & Champion, E. (2019). A Comparison of Immersive Realities and Interaction Methods: Cultural Learning in Virtual Heritage. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH), 12(4), 1-21.
  • Chen, J., Wu, X. & Lai, I. K. W. (2023). A Systematic Literature Review of Virtual Technology in Hospitality and Tourism (2013–2022). Sage Open, 13(3)
  • Comes, R., Neamțu, C., Buna, Z. L., Bodi, Ș., Popescu, D., Tompa, V. & Mateescu-Suciu, L. (2020). Enhancing Accessibility to Cultural Heritage Through Digital Content and Virtual Reality: A Case Study of The Sarmizegetusa Regia UNESCO Site. Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology, 7(3).
  • Coyne, L., Takemoto, J. K., Parmentier, B. L., Merritt, T. & Sharpton, R. A. (2018). Exploring Virtual Reality As a Platform For Distance Team-Based Learning. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 10(10), 1384-1390.
  • Dağ, K., Çavuşoğlu, S. & Durmaz, Y. (2024). The Effect of Immersive Experience, User Engagement and Perceived Authenticity on Place Satisfaction in The Context of Augmented Reality. Library Hi Tech, 42(4), 1331-1346.
  • Damala, A., Marchal, I. & Houlier, P. (2008). Merging Augmented Reality Based Features in Mobile Multimedia Museum Guides. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Digital Interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts (pp. 210-216).
  • Demirezen, B. (2019). Artirilmiş Gerçeklik ve Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojisinin Turizm Sektöründe Kullanılabilirliği Üzerine Bir Literatür Taraması. Uluslararası Global Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 1-26.
  • Dieck, M. C. T. & Jung, T. (2017). A Theoretical Model of Mobile Augmented Reality Acceptance in Urban Heritage Tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(2), 154-174.
  • Evrard, Y. & Krebs, A. (2018). The Authenticity of The Museum Experience in The Digital Age: The Case of The Louvre. Journal of Cultural Economics, 42, 353-363.
  • Ferdani, D., Fanini, B., Piccioli, M. C., Carboni, F. & Vigliarolo, P. (2020). 3D Reconstruction and Validation of Historical Background For Immersive VR Applications and Games: The Case Study of The Forum of Augustus in Rome. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 43, 129-143.
  • Praničević, D, G. (2021). Augmented reality and virtual reality-based technology in cultural tourism. ENTRENOVA-ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion, 7(1), 307-314.
  • Grammatikopoulou, A. & Grammalidis, N. (2023). Artful—An AR Social Self-Guided Tour App For Cultural Learning in Museum Settings. Information, 14(3), 158.
  • Graziano, T. & Privitera, D. (2020). Cultural Heritage, Tourist Attractiveness and Augmented Reality: Insights From Italy. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 15(6), 666-679.
  • Huang, Y.-C., Backman, S. J., Backman, K. F. & Moore, D. (2013). Exploring User Acceptance of 3D Virtual Worlds in Travel and Tourism Marketing. Tourism Management, 36, 490-501.
  • Höllerer, T. & Feiner, S. (2004). Mobile Augmented Reality. Telegeoinformatics: Location-based computing and services, 21, 221-260.
  • Jung, T. & Dieck, M. C. T. (2018). Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. In S. D. Peccei (Ed.), Tourism in the New Europe. London: Routledge.
  • Kaźmierczak, R., Szczepańska, A., Kowalczyk, C., Grunwald, G. & Janowski, A. (2021). Using AR technology in tourism based on the example of maritime educational trips—A conceptual model. Sustainability, 13(13), 7172.
  • Kysela, J. & Štorková, P. (2015). Using Augmented Reality As a Medium For Teaching History and Tourism. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 174, 926-931.
  • Negruşa, A. L., Toader, V., Sofică, A., Tutunea, M. F. & Rus, R. V. (2015). Exploring Gamification Techniques and Applications For Sustainable Tourism. Sustainability, 7(8), 11160-11189.
  • Paulauskas, L., Paulauskas, A., Blažauskas, T., Damaševičius, R. & Maskeliūnas, R. (2023). Reconstruction of Industrial and Historical Heritage For Cultural Enrichment Using Virtual and Augmented Reality. Technologies, 11(2), 36.
  • Peters, M. (2018). Augmented Reality in Tourism: Bridging The Real and The Virtual. Journal of Tourism Studies, 29(2), 124-136.
  • Şalk, S. & Köroğlu, Ö. (2020). Turist Rehberlerinin Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarına Yönelik Algılarının Belirlenmesi. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 15(58), 313-328.
  • Sanfilippo, F., Blažauskas, T., Girdžiūna, M., Janonis, A., Kiudys, E. & Salvietti, G. (2021, October). A Multi-Modal Auditory-Visual-Tactile E-Learning Framework. In International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications (pp. 119-131). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Sertalp, E. (2017). Müzelerin Tanıtım Kitaplarında Artırılmış Gerçeklik (Ag) Teknolojisi Kullanımı: Ankara Anadolu Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi Kitabı Örneği. Sanat Yazıları Dergisi, (36), 107-120.
  • Siddiqui, M. S., Syed, T. A., Nadeem, A., Nawaz, W. & Alkhodre, A. (2022). Virtual tourism and digital heritage: an analysis of VR/AR technologies and applications. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 13(7).
  • Silvestru, C. I., Ifrim, A. M., Oncioiu, I., Lupescu, M. E. & Ramido, S. (2021). AR & VR Marketing: when and where?. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence (Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 664-671).
  • Tavčar, A., Csaba, A. & Butila, E. V. (2016). Recommender System For Virtual Assistant Supported Museum Tours. Informatica, 40(3).
  • Timur, B. & Köz, E. N. (2022). Turizmde Sanal Gerçeklik ve Artırılmış Gerçeklik Çalışmaları Üzerine Sistematik Bir Literatür Taraması. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9(1), 233-251.
  • Tussyadiah, I. P., Jung, T. H. & Dieck, M. C. T. (2018). Embodiment and Presence in Virtual Reality Experiences: A Review. Journal of Tourism Research, 45(2), 227-236.
  • Vlahakis, V., Ioannidis, M., Karigiannis, J., Tsotros, M., Gounaris, M., Stricker, D. & Almeida, L. (2002). Archeoguide: An Augmented Reality Guide For Archaeological Sites. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 22(5), 52-60.
  • Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D. & Gatzidis, C. (2013). Engineering Augmented Tourism Experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 173-189.

ARTIRILMIŞ VE SANAL GERÇEKLİK TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN TURİZMDE KULLANILABİLİRLİĞİ ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 165 - 178, 30.12.2024

Öz

Teknoloji her geçen gün kendini yeniliyor. Bu bağlamda turizm sektörü de kendi içinde bu teknolojik yenilikleri takip etmelidir. Özellikle Artırılmış Gerçeklik (AR) teknolojisi, turizm sektörüne devrim niteliğinde değişiklikler getirme potansiyeline sahiptir. AR, fiziksel dünyaya dijital içerik ekleyerek kullanıcı deneyimlerini zenginleştiren bir teknolojidir. Dolayısıyla turizm sektöründe artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin kullanımının yaygınlaşacağı düşünülmektedir. Yol gösterici ve ufuk açıcı bilimsel çalışmaların eksikliği nedeniyle bu teknolojilerin ilgili sektörlerde geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması konusunda bir eksiklik olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, AR ve VR teknolojilerinin sadece turizmin teorik alanlarında değil, pratik uygulamalarında da bilinirliğini ve uygulanabilirliğini ortaya koymaktır. Henüz gelişim aşamasında olan bu teknolojilere yönelik özel araştırmalar, pratik uygulamalarına yönelik yatırımlar için içgörü sağlayacak ve gelişimlerine katkıda bulunacaktır. Bu nedenle nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda turizm sektörü ile ilgili konu ve kavramlar gözden geçirilmiş ve literatürdeki ilgili çalışmalar analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak uygulama alanındaki eksiklikler ortaya konularak gerekli sektörel ve bilimsel önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Antonioli, M., Blake, C. & Sparks, K. (2014). Augmented Reality Applications in Education. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 7(2), 1-15.
  • Azuma, R. T. (1997). A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4), 355-385.
  • Bekele, M. K., & Champion, E. (2019). A Comparison of Immersive Realities and Interaction Methods: Cultural Learning in Virtual Heritage. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH), 12(4), 1-21.
  • Chen, J., Wu, X. & Lai, I. K. W. (2023). A Systematic Literature Review of Virtual Technology in Hospitality and Tourism (2013–2022). Sage Open, 13(3)
  • Comes, R., Neamțu, C., Buna, Z. L., Bodi, Ș., Popescu, D., Tompa, V. & Mateescu-Suciu, L. (2020). Enhancing Accessibility to Cultural Heritage Through Digital Content and Virtual Reality: A Case Study of The Sarmizegetusa Regia UNESCO Site. Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology, 7(3).
  • Coyne, L., Takemoto, J. K., Parmentier, B. L., Merritt, T. & Sharpton, R. A. (2018). Exploring Virtual Reality As a Platform For Distance Team-Based Learning. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 10(10), 1384-1390.
  • Dağ, K., Çavuşoğlu, S. & Durmaz, Y. (2024). The Effect of Immersive Experience, User Engagement and Perceived Authenticity on Place Satisfaction in The Context of Augmented Reality. Library Hi Tech, 42(4), 1331-1346.
  • Damala, A., Marchal, I. & Houlier, P. (2008). Merging Augmented Reality Based Features in Mobile Multimedia Museum Guides. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Digital Interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts (pp. 210-216).
  • Demirezen, B. (2019). Artirilmiş Gerçeklik ve Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojisinin Turizm Sektöründe Kullanılabilirliği Üzerine Bir Literatür Taraması. Uluslararası Global Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 1-26.
  • Dieck, M. C. T. & Jung, T. (2017). A Theoretical Model of Mobile Augmented Reality Acceptance in Urban Heritage Tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(2), 154-174.
  • Evrard, Y. & Krebs, A. (2018). The Authenticity of The Museum Experience in The Digital Age: The Case of The Louvre. Journal of Cultural Economics, 42, 353-363.
  • Ferdani, D., Fanini, B., Piccioli, M. C., Carboni, F. & Vigliarolo, P. (2020). 3D Reconstruction and Validation of Historical Background For Immersive VR Applications and Games: The Case Study of The Forum of Augustus in Rome. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 43, 129-143.
  • Praničević, D, G. (2021). Augmented reality and virtual reality-based technology in cultural tourism. ENTRENOVA-ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion, 7(1), 307-314.
  • Grammatikopoulou, A. & Grammalidis, N. (2023). Artful—An AR Social Self-Guided Tour App For Cultural Learning in Museum Settings. Information, 14(3), 158.
  • Graziano, T. & Privitera, D. (2020). Cultural Heritage, Tourist Attractiveness and Augmented Reality: Insights From Italy. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 15(6), 666-679.
  • Huang, Y.-C., Backman, S. J., Backman, K. F. & Moore, D. (2013). Exploring User Acceptance of 3D Virtual Worlds in Travel and Tourism Marketing. Tourism Management, 36, 490-501.
  • Höllerer, T. & Feiner, S. (2004). Mobile Augmented Reality. Telegeoinformatics: Location-based computing and services, 21, 221-260.
  • Jung, T. & Dieck, M. C. T. (2018). Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. In S. D. Peccei (Ed.), Tourism in the New Europe. London: Routledge.
  • Kaźmierczak, R., Szczepańska, A., Kowalczyk, C., Grunwald, G. & Janowski, A. (2021). Using AR technology in tourism based on the example of maritime educational trips—A conceptual model. Sustainability, 13(13), 7172.
  • Kysela, J. & Štorková, P. (2015). Using Augmented Reality As a Medium For Teaching History and Tourism. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 174, 926-931.
  • Negruşa, A. L., Toader, V., Sofică, A., Tutunea, M. F. & Rus, R. V. (2015). Exploring Gamification Techniques and Applications For Sustainable Tourism. Sustainability, 7(8), 11160-11189.
  • Paulauskas, L., Paulauskas, A., Blažauskas, T., Damaševičius, R. & Maskeliūnas, R. (2023). Reconstruction of Industrial and Historical Heritage For Cultural Enrichment Using Virtual and Augmented Reality. Technologies, 11(2), 36.
  • Peters, M. (2018). Augmented Reality in Tourism: Bridging The Real and The Virtual. Journal of Tourism Studies, 29(2), 124-136.
  • Şalk, S. & Köroğlu, Ö. (2020). Turist Rehberlerinin Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarına Yönelik Algılarının Belirlenmesi. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 15(58), 313-328.
  • Sanfilippo, F., Blažauskas, T., Girdžiūna, M., Janonis, A., Kiudys, E. & Salvietti, G. (2021, October). A Multi-Modal Auditory-Visual-Tactile E-Learning Framework. In International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Applications (pp. 119-131). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Sertalp, E. (2017). Müzelerin Tanıtım Kitaplarında Artırılmış Gerçeklik (Ag) Teknolojisi Kullanımı: Ankara Anadolu Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi Kitabı Örneği. Sanat Yazıları Dergisi, (36), 107-120.
  • Siddiqui, M. S., Syed, T. A., Nadeem, A., Nawaz, W. & Alkhodre, A. (2022). Virtual tourism and digital heritage: an analysis of VR/AR technologies and applications. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 13(7).
  • Silvestru, C. I., Ifrim, A. M., Oncioiu, I., Lupescu, M. E. & Ramido, S. (2021). AR & VR Marketing: when and where?. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence (Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 664-671).
  • Tavčar, A., Csaba, A. & Butila, E. V. (2016). Recommender System For Virtual Assistant Supported Museum Tours. Informatica, 40(3).
  • Timur, B. & Köz, E. N. (2022). Turizmde Sanal Gerçeklik ve Artırılmış Gerçeklik Çalışmaları Üzerine Sistematik Bir Literatür Taraması. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 9(1), 233-251.
  • Tussyadiah, I. P., Jung, T. H. & Dieck, M. C. T. (2018). Embodiment and Presence in Virtual Reality Experiences: A Review. Journal of Tourism Research, 45(2), 227-236.
  • Vlahakis, V., Ioannidis, M., Karigiannis, J., Tsotros, M., Gounaris, M., Stricker, D. & Almeida, L. (2002). Archeoguide: An Augmented Reality Guide For Archaeological Sites. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 22(5), 52-60.
  • Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D. & Gatzidis, C. (2013). Engineering Augmented Tourism Experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 173-189.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Turist Davranışı ve Ziyaretçi Deneyimi, Turist Rehberliği, Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Emrullah Cansu 0000-0002-9194-348X

Muharrem Tuna 0000-0001-5526-7122

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 16 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Cansu, E., & Tuna, M. (2024). A Conceptual Review on the Usability of Augmented and Virtual Reality Technologies in Tourism. Sinop-E: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(2), 165-178.

Sinop-e: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 2025 yılı Haziran sayısı için yayın kabulüne başlamıştır. İlginiz için teşekkür ederiz. Makale süreçleri sadece DergiPark sistemi üzerinden işletilecek olup https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/4368/submission/step/manuscript/new link adresi üzerinden makale gönderimi sağlanacaktır.