Abstract
The custom of Islamic thinking is political, social, economic, cultural, etc. It has a nature that affects and is affected by many fields. So much so that the nature in question continues to exist today as it was in the past, which is natural. Because this custom has theories that will help almost all of the above-mentioned areas to comprehend or make sense of events that emerge in one way or another, both theoretically and actually. İn the same way, tracing the reflections of these theories, if they have been put into practice, will not only help to recognize the tradition of Islamic thought, but also contribute positively to the possibility of objective assessments. On this occasion, it is worth investigating the perception and reaction of the Islamic political imagination and imagination in the eyes of opposition circles, on the grounds that it constitutes an important step in the aforementioned custom. In this context, the nature of the relationship between the opposition to the administration and the administrative structure in the beginning and the nature of the relations that develop afterwards are very important. That’s way, in this article, we will try to trace the relationship that emerged during the development of political activities and the attitude(s) of the opposition wing towards the administrative structure and try to make some inferences.
We will compose our study from introduction, three chapters, conclusion and bibliography. In the introduction part, will touch on the main disciplines that Islamic political thought has influenced and been affected by as it has continued from the past, and some researches done on this subject, and what is the difference of our research. In the following, we will talk over a short historical course in the first main part, which we call the political-historical background. Afterwards, we will discuss the applicability of the main arguments based on this time, considering the suitability of some claims made on the form of government especially to the Rashid Caliphs period. In the last main part, we will examine whether the opposition to the administration has a counterpart in the Islamic political thinking, and if there is, the nature of the opposition in question. During the examination, we will speak of the activities carried out by historical personalities such as Ebû Hanîfa, Malik b. Anas, Ahmad b.Hanbal, Ebû Yûsuf, Fârâbî, Mâvardî and Nizâmü'l-Mülk who influenced them in various ways until their and the ages after them. In the conclusion part, we will mention that there are names (Juwayni, Gazzali, Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Khaldun) who will shed light on some of the information we have reached through our research and on possible studies to be made on this subject in the future. Our basic main in the study and the main reason that caused us to conduct a research on this subject is despite the argument that we have a state tradition, probably due to our long political-military background; in this way, the presence or absence of any anti-government tradition is not mentioned. For this reason, we will question the possibility of our basic claim in our research. However, we will be careful to stay away from certain judgments. Because we believe that in the context of the Islamic political thinking, the method of establishing a strong connection with custom and a way to produce healthy resolutions for today pass through here. In the end, as history is a whole in general, Islamic history and civilization tradition, which are a part of general history, also have a monolithic nature, so it is necessary to evaluate the knowledge attained in this direction.