Research Article
Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek ve Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokullarındaki Öğrencilerin Elektromanyetik Alan Maruziyetinin Araştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Günümüzde, teknolojik gelişmelerle
birlikte elektromanyetik alanlara (EMA) maruziyet oldukça artmıştır. Bunun insan
sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri üzerine çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu
araştırmada amacımız, Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek ve Sağlık Bilimleri
Yüksekokulları öğrencilerinin yaşam alanlarında EMA'lara maruziyeti ve
sağlıkları üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 552
öğrenciye EMA maruziyeti ve bunun sağlık üzerine etkilerini sorgulayan bir
anket uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin
% 34.2'si erkek, % 65.8'i kız ve yaş ortanca değeri 21’idi (min-max:18-41). Katılımcıların
% 29’u baz istasyonlarına ve % 19.4’ü yüksek voltaj hatlarına yakın
oturmaktaydılar ve % 45.5'i günde 5 saatten fazla elektrik/elektronik
sistemlerine maruz kalmaktaydı. Öğrencilerin % 74.3'ü yorgunluk hissi, % 29.9'u
kulak çınlaması, % 32.2'sinde baş dönmesi, % 47.5'i kas ağrıları, % 49.6’sı
uyku bozukluğu, % 52.2’si konsantrasyon bozukluğu ve % 54.2’si unutkanlık
şikayetlerinden mustaripti.
Sonuç: Teknolojik sistemlerden yayılan
elektromanyetik radyasyonun insanlar üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkisi belirsiz
olsa da, bulgular elektromanyetik radyasyonun insanlarda bazı sağlık
sorunlarına neden olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Daha kesin sonuçlar için daha
kapsamlı popülasyonlarda bilimsel çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Keywords
References
- Referens 1 Ozen S. Evaluation and Measurement of Magnetic Field Exposure at a Typical High VoltageSubstation and Its Power Lines. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2008; 128(2), 198-205. Referens 2 Wertheimer N, LeeperE. Exposure assessment for epidemiological study selectrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer American Journal of Epidemiology. 1979; 109(3), 273-284.Referens 3 Ozen S, Helkel S, Kahta G, Çakır M, YalcınS. Evaluation of occupational exposure and magnetic field levels at hospital environments. Pamukkale Univ J Eng Sci. 2014; 20(8), 300-303.Referens 4 Ozen S, Helhel S, Colak OH. Electromagnetic Field Measurements of Radio Transmitters in Urban Areaand Exposure Analysis Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 2007; 49(7), 1572-1578. Referens 5 Helhel S, Ozen S, Basyigit IB, Kurnaz O, Yoruk YE, Bitirgan M, Colak Z. Radiated Susceptibility of Medical Equipments in Health Care Units: 2G and 3G Mobile Phones as an Interferer. Microwaveand Optical Technology Letters. 2011; 53(11), 2657-2661.Referens 6 Kivrak EG, Altunkaynak BZ, Alkan I, Yurt KK, Kocaman A, Onger ME. Effects of 900-MHz radiation on the hippocampus and cerebellum of adult rats and attenuation of such effects by folic acid and Boswellia sacra. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2017;5(4):216-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.09.003Referens 7 Dasdag S, Akdag MZ. The link between radiofrequencies emitted from wireless technologies and oxidative stress. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016; 75(Pt B):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.09.001 Referens 8 Akdag M, Dasdag S, Canturk F, Akdag MZ. Exposuretonon-ionizing electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones induced DNA damage in human ear canal hair follicle cells. Electromagn Biol Med. 2018;37(2):66-75. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1463246. Referens 9 Bektas H, Bektas MS, Dasdag S. Effects of mobile phoneexposure on biochemical parameters of cordblood: A preliminarystudy.ElectromagnBiolMed. 2018; 29:1-8. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1499033Referens 10 Dasdag S, Akdag MZ. The link between radiofrequencies emitted from wireless technologies and oxidative stress. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016;75(Pt B):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.09.001 Referens 11 Megha K, Deshmuhk PS, Banerjee BD, et al. Microwave radiation induced oxidative stress, cognitive impairment and inflammation in brain of Fischer rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2012; 50(12):889-896. Referens 12 Kivrak EG, Yurt KK, Kaplan AA, Alkan I, Altun G. Effects of electromagnetic field sexposure on the antioxidant defense system. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2017;5:167-176. Referens 13 Leszczynski D, Joenväärä S, Reivinen J, Kuokka R. Non-thermal activation of the hsp27/p38MAPK stress pathway by mobile phone radiation in human endothelial cells: molecular mechanism for cancer- and blood-brain barrier-related effects. Differentiation. 2002;70(2-3):120-129.Referens 14 Zhu K, Lv Y, Cheng Q, Hua J, Zeng Q. Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Do Not Induce DNA Damage in Human Lens Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2016;299(5):688-697. doi: 10.1002/ar.23312. Referens 15 Tkalec M, Malaric K, Pevalek-Kozlina B. Exposure to radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress in duckweed Lemna minor L. Sci Total Environ. 2007; 15: 388(1-3):78-89.Referens 16 Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, et al. Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2017;64(3):415-422. doi: 10.1002/bab.1495.Referens 17 Ozmen I, Naziroğlu M, Alici HA, Sahin F, Cengiz M, Eren I. Spinal morphine administration reduces the fatty acid contents in spinal cord and brain by increasing oxidative stress. Neurochem Res. 2007;32(1):19-25. Referens 18 Deshmukh PS, Megha K, Banerjee BD, Ahmed RS, Chandna S, Abegaonkar MP, Tripathi AK. Detection of Low Level Microwave Radiation Induced Deoxyribonucleic Acid Damage Vis-à-vis Genotoxicity in Brain of Fischer Rats. Toxicol Int. 2013; 20(1): 19–24.doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.111549Referens 19 Koyu A, Cesur G, Ozguner F, Akdogan M, Mollaoglu H, Ozen S. Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field on TSH and thyroid hormones in rats. Toxicol Lett. 2005; 157(3):257-262. Referens 20 Erogul O, Oztas E, Yildirim I, et al. Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study. Arch Med Res. 2006;37(7):840-843.Referens 21 Goldhaber MK, Polen MR, Hiatt RA. The risk of miscarriage and birth defects among women who use visual display terminals during pregnancy. Am J Ind Med. 1988;13(6):695-706.
Year 2018,
Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 806 - 812, 30.12.2018
Abstract
References
- Referens 1 Ozen S. Evaluation and Measurement of Magnetic Field Exposure at a Typical High VoltageSubstation and Its Power Lines. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2008; 128(2), 198-205. Referens 2 Wertheimer N, LeeperE. Exposure assessment for epidemiological study selectrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer American Journal of Epidemiology. 1979; 109(3), 273-284.Referens 3 Ozen S, Helkel S, Kahta G, Çakır M, YalcınS. Evaluation of occupational exposure and magnetic field levels at hospital environments. Pamukkale Univ J Eng Sci. 2014; 20(8), 300-303.Referens 4 Ozen S, Helhel S, Colak OH. Electromagnetic Field Measurements of Radio Transmitters in Urban Areaand Exposure Analysis Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 2007; 49(7), 1572-1578. Referens 5 Helhel S, Ozen S, Basyigit IB, Kurnaz O, Yoruk YE, Bitirgan M, Colak Z. Radiated Susceptibility of Medical Equipments in Health Care Units: 2G and 3G Mobile Phones as an Interferer. Microwaveand Optical Technology Letters. 2011; 53(11), 2657-2661.Referens 6 Kivrak EG, Altunkaynak BZ, Alkan I, Yurt KK, Kocaman A, Onger ME. Effects of 900-MHz radiation on the hippocampus and cerebellum of adult rats and attenuation of such effects by folic acid and Boswellia sacra. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2017;5(4):216-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.09.003Referens 7 Dasdag S, Akdag MZ. The link between radiofrequencies emitted from wireless technologies and oxidative stress. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016; 75(Pt B):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.09.001 Referens 8 Akdag M, Dasdag S, Canturk F, Akdag MZ. Exposuretonon-ionizing electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones induced DNA damage in human ear canal hair follicle cells. Electromagn Biol Med. 2018;37(2):66-75. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1463246. Referens 9 Bektas H, Bektas MS, Dasdag S. Effects of mobile phoneexposure on biochemical parameters of cordblood: A preliminarystudy.ElectromagnBiolMed. 2018; 29:1-8. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1499033Referens 10 Dasdag S, Akdag MZ. The link between radiofrequencies emitted from wireless technologies and oxidative stress. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016;75(Pt B):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.09.001 Referens 11 Megha K, Deshmuhk PS, Banerjee BD, et al. Microwave radiation induced oxidative stress, cognitive impairment and inflammation in brain of Fischer rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2012; 50(12):889-896. Referens 12 Kivrak EG, Yurt KK, Kaplan AA, Alkan I, Altun G. Effects of electromagnetic field sexposure on the antioxidant defense system. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2017;5:167-176. Referens 13 Leszczynski D, Joenväärä S, Reivinen J, Kuokka R. Non-thermal activation of the hsp27/p38MAPK stress pathway by mobile phone radiation in human endothelial cells: molecular mechanism for cancer- and blood-brain barrier-related effects. Differentiation. 2002;70(2-3):120-129.Referens 14 Zhu K, Lv Y, Cheng Q, Hua J, Zeng Q. Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Do Not Induce DNA Damage in Human Lens Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2016;299(5):688-697. doi: 10.1002/ar.23312. Referens 15 Tkalec M, Malaric K, Pevalek-Kozlina B. Exposure to radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress in duckweed Lemna minor L. Sci Total Environ. 2007; 15: 388(1-3):78-89.Referens 16 Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, et al. Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2017;64(3):415-422. doi: 10.1002/bab.1495.Referens 17 Ozmen I, Naziroğlu M, Alici HA, Sahin F, Cengiz M, Eren I. Spinal morphine administration reduces the fatty acid contents in spinal cord and brain by increasing oxidative stress. Neurochem Res. 2007;32(1):19-25. Referens 18 Deshmukh PS, Megha K, Banerjee BD, Ahmed RS, Chandna S, Abegaonkar MP, Tripathi AK. Detection of Low Level Microwave Radiation Induced Deoxyribonucleic Acid Damage Vis-à-vis Genotoxicity in Brain of Fischer Rats. Toxicol Int. 2013; 20(1): 19–24.doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.111549Referens 19 Koyu A, Cesur G, Ozguner F, Akdogan M, Mollaoglu H, Ozen S. Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field on TSH and thyroid hormones in rats. Toxicol Lett. 2005; 157(3):257-262. Referens 20 Erogul O, Oztas E, Yildirim I, et al. Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study. Arch Med Res. 2006;37(7):840-843.Referens 21 Goldhaber MK, Polen MR, Hiatt RA. The risk of miscarriage and birth defects among women who use visual display terminals during pregnancy. Am J Ind Med. 1988;13(6):695-706.
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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2018 |
| Submission Date | October 15, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 4 |
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