1600'lü yıllarda Hollanda'da anatomi tiyatrolarının gelişimi ve bazı önemli figürlerin katkıları

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 578 - 583, 30.12.2023

Hüseyin Baylan , Sibel Çırpan , Gökşin Nilüfer Yonguç

https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1345977

Abstract

Anatomiye ait tarihsel bir ortak bakış açısı oluşturmak insanlığın zihinsel ve felsefi gelişimlerini tamamlamalarında gereklidir. Tüm medeniyetlerin az çok katkılarıyla asırlar boyu üretilmiş ve günümüze aktarılmış olan anatomi biliminin tarihsel gelişiminde 1600’lü yıllardan itibaren Hollanda büyük katkılara sahiptir. Günlük hayatta karşılaşılan tıbbi durumların yanında savaşlar sayesinde de gelişen cerrahi bilimi zamanla anatomi bilimini yüceltmiştir. 1600’lü yıllarda Hollanda’daki anatomi tiyatroları cerrahların öncülüğünde kurulmuş, yöneticiler tarafından desteklenmiştir. Oluşturdukları bilimsel ortam zaman içinde Hollanda’yı da İtalya ve Fransa gibi Avrupa’da önemli tıp eğitimi merkezlerinden yapmıştır. Bu başarı Hollanda halkının maddi, siyasi, kültürel ve zihinsel yönlerden gelişmesi ile paralel olarak bilimsel yöntemleri kurdukları yeni üniversitelere yerleştirmesiyle açıklanabilir. 1600’lü yılların Hollanda’sı adeta günümüzdekiler ile ortaçağ fakülteleri arasında tarihsel bir basamak yaratmıştır. İlerleyici olan bu iklimiyle Dünya’nın bugünkü anatomi ve tıp eğitimine yön vermiş bilim ve sanat üreticilerini ortaya çıkartan Hollanda’nın bu dönemi önemli isimler ve katkılarıyla hatırlanmalıdır.

Keywords

Anatomi tiyatroları, Hollanda, Leiden, kadavra, insan diseksiyonu

Supporting Institution

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Teşekkür ederiz

Development of the anatomy theaters in the Netherlands during the 1600s and contributions of some important names

Abstract

Creating a common historical perspective on anatomy is necessary for humanity to complete its mental and philosophical development. Since the 1600s, the Netherlands has made great contributions to the historical development of the science of anatomy. In addition to the medical conditions encountered in daily life, the science of surgery, which developed thanks to the wars, has glorified the science of anatomy over time. In the 1600s, anatomy theaters in the Netherlands were established under the leadership of surgeons and supported by the administrators. The scientific environment they created made the Netherlands one of the important medical education centers in Europe, like Italy and France. This success can be explained by the fact that the Dutch people placed scientific methods in the new universities they established in parallel with the economic, political, cultural and mental development of the Dutch people. Thus the Netherlands of the 1600s almost created a historical step between today's and medieval faculties. This period of the Netherlands, which, with its progressive climate, created science and art producers who have shaped the world's anatomy and medical education today, should be remembered with its important names and contributions.

Keywords

Anatomy theatres, Netherlands, Leiden, cadaver, human dissection

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