Sternal Fractures Due to Blunt Chest Trauma: Presentation Patterns and Impact on Prognosis

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 138 - 148, 30.06.2024

Yunus Aksoy , Abidin Sehitogulları

https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1336753

Abstract

Introduction: Sternal fractures are considered indicative of severe thoracic trauma. We
aimed to compare the effects of isolated and complicated sternum fractures on clinical
prognosis.
Materials and Methods: The data of 139 patients with sternum fracture due to blunt trauma
between January 2018 and January 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. The cases
were divided into two groups as isolated sternal fracture (ISF) (n=57, 41%) and complicated
sternum fracture (CSF) (n=82, 59%).
Results: The mean age of the cases was 52.9±12 (min=20 years, max=80 years) and the
majority of the cases were male (n=99, 71.2%). The most common additional pathology
in CSF cases was bone fracture with a rate of 47.5% (n=66). The most common non-osseous
pathology accompanying sternal fracture was poststernal hematoma (n=26, 18.7%).
Mortality was observed in one case (0.7%). Seven patients (5.0%) underwent surgical
sternal fixation. Statistically more nondisplaced sternum fractures were seen in the ISF
group (87.7% vs. 61.0%, p=0.001). In the ISF group, both the length of stay in the intensive
care unit (median 1 day vs. 3 days, p=0.04) and the hospital stay (median 2 days vs. 3 days,
p=0.001) were shorter. Patients with a displaced sternum fracture had a longer hospital
stay (median 4 days vs. 2 days, p=0.001).
Conclusion: The prognosis in sternum fractures is related to the injuries accompanying
the fracture. If the sternum fracture is complicated or displaced, the duration of hospitalization
is prolonged. ISF cases have a short length of hospital stay and a good prognosis.

Keywords

Chest trauma, Sternum fracture, Sternal fixation, Prognosis

Project Number

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Künt Göğüs Travmasına Bağlı Sternum Fraktürleri: Fraktürlerin Prezentasyon Şekilleri ve Prognoza Etkisi

Abstract

Giriş: Sternum fraktürleri, şiddetli toraks travmasının bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilir.
Bu çalışma, sternal fraktürlerin farklı prezantasyon şekillerini ve prognoza olan etkilerini
değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2018- Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında künt travmaya bağlı sternum
fraktürü tespit edilen 139 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Olgular
izole sternum fraktürü (İSF) (n=57, %41) ve komplike sternum fraktürü (KSF) (n=82,
%59) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Olguların yaş ortalaması 52,9±12 (minimum=20 yıl, maksimum=80 yıl) idi ve
olguların çoğunluğu erkekti (n=99, %71,2). KSF olgularında en sık görülen ek patoloji,
%47,5 (n=66) ile kemik fraktürüydü. En sık eşlik eden kemik dışı patoloji, poststernal hematom
(n=26, %18,7) idi. Bir olguda mortalite gözlendi (%0,7). Yedi olguda (%5,0) cerrahi
sternal fiksasyon uygulandı. İSF grubunda istatistiksel olarak daha fazla nondeplase
sternum fraktürü gözlendi (%87,7’ye karşılık %61,0, p=0.001). İSF grubunda yoğun bakım
ünitesinde kalış süresi (medyan 1 gün karşılık medyan 3 gün, p=0.04) ve hastanede
kalış süresi (medyan 2 gün karşılık medyan 3 gün, p=0.001) daha kısaydı. Deplase sternum
fraktürü saptanan hastalarda, hastanede kalış süresi daha uzundu (medyan 4 gün
karşılık 2 gün, p=0.001).
Sonuç: Sternum fraktürlerinde prognoz, fraktüre eşlik eden patolojilerle ilişkilidir. Sternum
fraktürünün komplike olması veya deplase olması hastanede kalış süresini uzatmaktadır.
İSF olan olguların hastanede kalış süresi kısadır ve prognozları iyidir.

Keywords

Göğüs travması, Sternum fraktürü, Sternal fiksasyon, Prognoz

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

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