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Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach

Year 2017, Volume: 25 Issue: 34, 173 - 186, 31.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926

Abstract

Producer
price index and consumer price index are used instead of each other for
calculating inflation rate and various economic indicators. However, if there
is a long-run relationship between the variables, this process can provide
effective results. Otherwise, the results vary according to the price index.
Therefore, in this study, long and
short-run relationships between producer and consumer price index was
investigated. As a result of analysis performed with ARDL, bounds test for the
period of
2010:m5-2016:m4 in Turkey, bi-directional and
statistically significant causality has been found between Consumer Price Index
(CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI) both in the short and long run.

References

  • Abdioğlu, Z. & Ö. Korkmaz (2012), “Tüketici ve Üretici Fiyat Endekslerinde Fiyat Geçişkenliği: Alt Sektörler”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 16(2): 65-81.
  • Atuk, O. & F. Öğünç & M.U. Özmen & Ç. Sarıkaya (2013), “Türkiye’de Üretici ve Tüketici Fiyatları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, TCMB Ekonomi Notları, 2013(21): 1-12.
  • Akçay, S. (2011), “The Causal Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: Empirical Evidence from Selected European Countries”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, 3(6): 227-232.
  • Banerji, A. (1999), ‘‘The Lead Profile and Other Non-Parametric Tools to Evaluate Survey Series as Leading Indicators”, in Use of Survey Data for Industry, Research and Economic Policy. Selected papers presented at the 24th CIRET Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, K. H. Oppenlander, G. Poser and B. Schips, editors. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate.
  • Clark, T. E. (1995), “Do Producer Prices Lead Consumer Prices?”, Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 80(3): 25-39.
  • Caporale, G.M. & M. Katsimi & N. Pittis (2002), “Causality Links between Consumer and Producer Prices: Some Empirical Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 68(3): 703-711.
  • Cushing, M.J. & M.G. McGarvey (1990), “Feedback between Wholesale and Consumer Price Inflation: A Reexamination of the Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 56(4): 1059-1072.
  • Dickey, D.A. & W.A. Fuller (1981), “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Econometrica, 49(4): 1057-1072.
  • Dorestani, A. & L.H. Arjomand (2006), “An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Consumer and Producer Price Index: A Unit Root Test and Test of Cointegration”, The Coastal Business Journal, 5(1): 33-38.
  • Frimpong, J.M. & E.F. Oteng-Abayie (2006), “Bounds Testing Approach: An Examination of Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Growth Relationships”, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/352/1/MPRA_paper_352.pdf, 20.06.2016.
  • Ghazali, M.F. & O.A. Yee & M.Z. Muhammad (2009), “Do Producer Prices Cause Consumer Prices? Some Empirical Evidence”, International Journal of Business and Management, 3(11): 78-82.
  • Guglielmo, M.C. & M. Katsim & N. Pittis (2002), “Causality Links between Consumer and Producer Prices: Some Empirical Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 68(3): 703-711.
  • Guthrie, R.S. (1981), “The Relationship between Wholesale and Consumer Prices”, Southern Economic Journal, 47(4): 1046-1055.
  • Johansen, S. & K. Juselius (1990), ‘‘Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration—with Applications to the Demand for Money’’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2), 169-210.
  • Jones, J.D. (1986), “Consumer Prices, Wholesale Prices, and Causality” Empirical Economics, 11(1): 41-55.
  • Katsouli, A. & A. Vogiatzis & A. Manitsaris (2002), “Linking Consumer Prices to Wholesale Prices: Error Correction Models for the Case of Greece”, Agricultural Economics Review, 3(1): 12-22.
  • Martinez, W.O.R. & E.G. Caicedo & E.J.C. Tique (2013), “Exploring the Relationship between the CPI and the PPI: The Colombian Case”, International Journal of Business and Management, 8(17): 142-152.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005), “The Saving and Investment Nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17): 1979-1990.
  • Pesaran, M.H. & Y. Shin & R.J. Smith (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3): 289-326
  • Phillips, P.C.B. & P. Perron (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2): 335-346.
  • Samanta, G.P. & S. Mitra (1998), “Recent Divergence between Wholesale and Consumer Prices in India - a Statistical Exploration”, Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 19: 329-344.
  • Saraç, T.H. & K. Karagöz (2010), “Türkiye’de Tüketici ve Üretici Fiyatları Arasındaki İlişki: Yapısal Kırılma ve Sınır Testi”, Maliye Dergisi, 159: 220-232.
  • Shahbaz, M. & R.U. Awan & N.M. Nasir (2009), “Producer & Consumer Prices Nexus: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”, International Journal of Marketing Studies, 1(2): 78-86.
  • Shahbaz, M. & A.K. Tiwari & I.M. Tahir (2012), “Does CPI Granger-Cause WPI? New Extensions from Frequency Domain Approach in Pakistan”, Economic Modelling, 29: 1592-1597.
  • Sidaoui, J. & C. Capistrán & D. Chiquiar & M. Ramos-Francia (2009), “A Note on the Predictive Content of PPI over CPI Inflation: The Case of Mexico”, Banco de Mexico Working Papers, 14:1-18.
  • Şahinöz, S. & A. Ataberk Demirhan & E. Erdoğan Coşar (2007), “Üretici Fiyatlarından Tüketici Fiyatlarına Geçişkenliğin Farklı Yaklaşımlarla İncelenmesi: Türkiye Örneği”, TİSK Akademi, 2(4): 224-246.
  • Tarı, R. & T. Abasız & F. Pehlivanoğlu (2012), “TEFE (ÜFE)-TÜFE Fiyat Endeksleri Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Frekans Alanı Yaklaşımı”, Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 12(24): 1-15.
  • Tiwari A.K. (2012a), “Causality between Wholesale Price and Consumer Price Indices in India”, Indian Growth and Development Review, 5(2): 151-172.
  • Tiwari A.K. (2012b), “An Empirical Investigation of Causality between Producers' Price and Consumers' Price Indices in Australia in Frequency Domain”, Economic Modelling, 29(5): 1571-1578.
  • Tiwari, A.K. & M. Shahbaz (2013), “Modelling the Relationship between Whole Sale Price and Consumer Price Indices: Cointegration and Causality Analysis for India”, Global Business Review, 14(3): 397-411.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2008), “Fiyat Endeksleri ve Enflasyon-Sorularla Resmi İstatistikler Dizisi-3”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/yayin/views/visitorPages/index.zul, 09.06.2016.
  • Ülke, V. & U. Ergün (2014), “The Relationship between Consumer Price and Producer Price Indices in Turkey”, International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(1): 205-22.
  • Yıldırım, Z. (2015), “Enflasyon Rejimleri ve Üretici Enflasyonundan Tüketici Enflasyonuna Geçişkenlik”, Central Bank Review, 15(3): 89-114.
  • Zortuk, M. (2008), “Türkiye’de Tüketici ve Toptan Eşya Fiyat Endeksleri Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: 1986-2004”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20: 181-190.

Türkiye’de Üretici Fiyat Endeksi ve Tüketici Fiyat Endeksi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: ARDL Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı

Year 2017, Volume: 25 Issue: 34, 173 - 186, 31.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926

Abstract

Üretici
fiyat endeksi ile tüketici fiyat endeksi, enflasyon oranın belirlenmesi ve
çeşitli ekonomik göstergelerin hesaplanmasında birbirleri yerine
kullanılmaktadır. Ancak değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olması
halinde bu işlemler etkili sonuçlar vermektedir. Aksi halde ele alınan fiyat
endeksine göre sonuçlar değişmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada, üretici ve
tüketici fiyat endeksi arasındaki uzun ve kısa dönemli ilişkiler incelenmiştir.
Türkiye’de 2010:m5-2016:m4 dönemi ARDL sınır testi ile gerçekleştirilen analiz
sonucunda, üretici fiyat endeksi (ÜFE) ve tüketici fiyat endeksi (TÜFE)
arasında hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde çift yönlü ve istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Abdioğlu, Z. & Ö. Korkmaz (2012), “Tüketici ve Üretici Fiyat Endekslerinde Fiyat Geçişkenliği: Alt Sektörler”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 16(2): 65-81.
  • Atuk, O. & F. Öğünç & M.U. Özmen & Ç. Sarıkaya (2013), “Türkiye’de Üretici ve Tüketici Fiyatları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, TCMB Ekonomi Notları, 2013(21): 1-12.
  • Akçay, S. (2011), “The Causal Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: Empirical Evidence from Selected European Countries”, International Journal of Economics and Finance, 3(6): 227-232.
  • Banerji, A. (1999), ‘‘The Lead Profile and Other Non-Parametric Tools to Evaluate Survey Series as Leading Indicators”, in Use of Survey Data for Industry, Research and Economic Policy. Selected papers presented at the 24th CIRET Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, K. H. Oppenlander, G. Poser and B. Schips, editors. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate.
  • Clark, T. E. (1995), “Do Producer Prices Lead Consumer Prices?”, Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 80(3): 25-39.
  • Caporale, G.M. & M. Katsimi & N. Pittis (2002), “Causality Links between Consumer and Producer Prices: Some Empirical Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 68(3): 703-711.
  • Cushing, M.J. & M.G. McGarvey (1990), “Feedback between Wholesale and Consumer Price Inflation: A Reexamination of the Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 56(4): 1059-1072.
  • Dickey, D.A. & W.A. Fuller (1981), “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root”, Econometrica, 49(4): 1057-1072.
  • Dorestani, A. & L.H. Arjomand (2006), “An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Consumer and Producer Price Index: A Unit Root Test and Test of Cointegration”, The Coastal Business Journal, 5(1): 33-38.
  • Frimpong, J.M. & E.F. Oteng-Abayie (2006), “Bounds Testing Approach: An Examination of Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Growth Relationships”, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/352/1/MPRA_paper_352.pdf, 20.06.2016.
  • Ghazali, M.F. & O.A. Yee & M.Z. Muhammad (2009), “Do Producer Prices Cause Consumer Prices? Some Empirical Evidence”, International Journal of Business and Management, 3(11): 78-82.
  • Guglielmo, M.C. & M. Katsim & N. Pittis (2002), “Causality Links between Consumer and Producer Prices: Some Empirical Evidence”, Southern Economic Journal, 68(3): 703-711.
  • Guthrie, R.S. (1981), “The Relationship between Wholesale and Consumer Prices”, Southern Economic Journal, 47(4): 1046-1055.
  • Johansen, S. & K. Juselius (1990), ‘‘Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration—with Applications to the Demand for Money’’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2), 169-210.
  • Jones, J.D. (1986), “Consumer Prices, Wholesale Prices, and Causality” Empirical Economics, 11(1): 41-55.
  • Katsouli, A. & A. Vogiatzis & A. Manitsaris (2002), “Linking Consumer Prices to Wholesale Prices: Error Correction Models for the Case of Greece”, Agricultural Economics Review, 3(1): 12-22.
  • Martinez, W.O.R. & E.G. Caicedo & E.J.C. Tique (2013), “Exploring the Relationship between the CPI and the PPI: The Colombian Case”, International Journal of Business and Management, 8(17): 142-152.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005), “The Saving and Investment Nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17): 1979-1990.
  • Pesaran, M.H. & Y. Shin & R.J. Smith (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3): 289-326
  • Phillips, P.C.B. & P. Perron (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2): 335-346.
  • Samanta, G.P. & S. Mitra (1998), “Recent Divergence between Wholesale and Consumer Prices in India - a Statistical Exploration”, Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 19: 329-344.
  • Saraç, T.H. & K. Karagöz (2010), “Türkiye’de Tüketici ve Üretici Fiyatları Arasındaki İlişki: Yapısal Kırılma ve Sınır Testi”, Maliye Dergisi, 159: 220-232.
  • Shahbaz, M. & R.U. Awan & N.M. Nasir (2009), “Producer & Consumer Prices Nexus: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”, International Journal of Marketing Studies, 1(2): 78-86.
  • Shahbaz, M. & A.K. Tiwari & I.M. Tahir (2012), “Does CPI Granger-Cause WPI? New Extensions from Frequency Domain Approach in Pakistan”, Economic Modelling, 29: 1592-1597.
  • Sidaoui, J. & C. Capistrán & D. Chiquiar & M. Ramos-Francia (2009), “A Note on the Predictive Content of PPI over CPI Inflation: The Case of Mexico”, Banco de Mexico Working Papers, 14:1-18.
  • Şahinöz, S. & A. Ataberk Demirhan & E. Erdoğan Coşar (2007), “Üretici Fiyatlarından Tüketici Fiyatlarına Geçişkenliğin Farklı Yaklaşımlarla İncelenmesi: Türkiye Örneği”, TİSK Akademi, 2(4): 224-246.
  • Tarı, R. & T. Abasız & F. Pehlivanoğlu (2012), “TEFE (ÜFE)-TÜFE Fiyat Endeksleri Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Frekans Alanı Yaklaşımı”, Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 12(24): 1-15.
  • Tiwari A.K. (2012a), “Causality between Wholesale Price and Consumer Price Indices in India”, Indian Growth and Development Review, 5(2): 151-172.
  • Tiwari A.K. (2012b), “An Empirical Investigation of Causality between Producers' Price and Consumers' Price Indices in Australia in Frequency Domain”, Economic Modelling, 29(5): 1571-1578.
  • Tiwari, A.K. & M. Shahbaz (2013), “Modelling the Relationship between Whole Sale Price and Consumer Price Indices: Cointegration and Causality Analysis for India”, Global Business Review, 14(3): 397-411.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2008), “Fiyat Endeksleri ve Enflasyon-Sorularla Resmi İstatistikler Dizisi-3”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/yayin/views/visitorPages/index.zul, 09.06.2016.
  • Ülke, V. & U. Ergün (2014), “The Relationship between Consumer Price and Producer Price Indices in Turkey”, International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(1): 205-22.
  • Yıldırım, Z. (2015), “Enflasyon Rejimleri ve Üretici Enflasyonundan Tüketici Enflasyonuna Geçişkenlik”, Central Bank Review, 15(3): 89-114.
  • Zortuk, M. (2008), “Türkiye’de Tüketici ve Toptan Eşya Fiyat Endeksleri Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: 1986-2004”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20: 181-190.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Harun Terzi

Asiye Tütüncü This is me

Publication Date October 31, 2017
Submission Date September 29, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 25 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Terzi, H., & Tütüncü, A. (2017). Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach. Sosyoekonomi, 25(34), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926
AMA Terzi H, Tütüncü A. Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach. Sosyoekonomi. October 2017;25(34):173-186. doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926
Chicago Terzi, Harun, and Asiye Tütüncü. “Examination of the Relationship Between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”. Sosyoekonomi 25, no. 34 (October 2017): 173-86. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926.
EndNote Terzi H, Tütüncü A (October 1, 2017) Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach. Sosyoekonomi 25 34 173–186.
IEEE H. Terzi and A. Tütüncü, “Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 25, no. 34, pp. 173–186, 2017, doi: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926.
ISNAD Terzi, Harun - Tütüncü, Asiye. “Examination of the Relationship Between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”. Sosyoekonomi 25/34 (October 2017), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926.
JAMA Terzi H, Tütüncü A. Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach. Sosyoekonomi. 2017;25:173–186.
MLA Terzi, Harun and Asiye Tütüncü. “Examination of the Relationship Between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 25, no. 34, 2017, pp. 173-86, doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289926.
Vancouver Terzi H, Tütüncü A. Examination of the Relationship between Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach. Sosyoekonomi. 2017;25(34):173-86.