"Yaralı Bir Dünyada" Hayatta Kalmak: David Greig'in Outling Island Oyununda Çevresel Etik

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 441 - 454, 30.08.2022

İsmail Serdar Altaç

https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1116681

Abstract

Çağdaş İskoç tiyatrosunun önde gelen yazarlarından David Greig, oyunlarında İskoç kimliği, küreselleşme, savaş ve çevre gibi konuları ele alır. Outlying Islands adlı oyunu bu konuları bir araya getirerek insanların doğa ile olan ilişkilerini etik bağlamında sorgular. Oyun, İkinci Dünya Savaş öncesinde askeri amaçlarla bir adada gerçekleştirilmesi planlanan şarbon deneyi üzerinden insan faaliyetlerinin doğa üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini ortaya koyar. Bu çalışmanın amacı da Outlying Islands oyununda karakterlerin çevresel etik bağlamındaki duruşlarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla, bu çalışmada Aldo Leopold’ün ‘toprak etiği’ kavramı ve Arne Naess’in Derin Ekoloji düşüncesi kuramsal çerçeve olarak kullanılacaktır. Doğadan bağımsız bir insan tasavvurunu reddetmeleri bakımından bu iki düşünürün görüşleri oyunun yorumlanması için elverişli bir kuramsal bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Bu çerçevede karakterlerin insan olmayan varlıklara yaklaşımında içsel bir değer sistemi benimseyip benimsemedikleri tartışılacak ve bu değer sistemlerinin oluşumunda bilimin ve dinin rolü ortaya koyulacaktır.

Keywords

David Greig, Outlying Islands, Çevre, Etik, Bilim, Din

Surviving in "A World of Wounds": Environmental Ethics in David Greig's Outlying Islands

Abstract

David Greig, one of the pioneering playwrights of the contemporary Scottish theater, deals with such issues as Scottish identity, globalization, war, and the environment in his plays. His play Outlying Islands mobilizes these issues together to question the ethics of the human-nature relationship. It demonstrates humanity’s adverse impact on nature through a military anthrax test to be conducted on an island before the WWII. The aim of this paper is to display the stances of the characters in terms of environmental ethics by using Aldo Leopold’s ‘land ethic’ and Arne Naess’ deep ecological thought as a theoretical framework. Their notions provide a convenient perspective for the exegesis of the play, for they deny the image of humanity as independent of nature. Within this framework, this paper discusses whether the characters adopt an intrinsic value system for the nonhuman beings, and the role of science and religion in the formation of their value systems is demonstrated.

Keywords

David Greig, Outlying Islands, Environment, Ethics, Science, Religion

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