ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BEDEN EĞİTİMİ VE SPOR DERSİ SPORTMENLİK DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 105 - 116, 31.03.2023

Ahmet Temel , Meryem Altun Ekiz , İbrahim Umran Akdağcık , Murat Kangalgil

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1187404

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersi sportmenlik davranışlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Hatay’da öğrenimlerine devam eden, basit tesadüfi örneklemiyle seçilmiş 949 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Beden Eğitimi Dersi Sportmenlik Davranışı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde betimleyici istatistikler, t ve ANOVA testi yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; öğrencilerin sportmenlik davranışları, olumlu davranışları sergileme, olumsuz davranışlardan kaçınma ve ölçeğin genelinde çok iyi düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pozitif davranışların sergilenmesi ile ölçeğin genelinde cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılığa rastlanmazken, negatif davranışlardan kaçınma boyutunda kız öğrenciler lehine anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir. Pozitif davranışların sergilenmesi boyutunda 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin sportmenlik puanları diğer sınıf seviyelerinden anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur. Negatif davranışlardan kaçınma boyutunda 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin puanları diğer sınıf seviyelerinden yüksek bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin genelinde ise 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin sportmenlik davranışları 7 ve 8. sınıf seviyelerinden yüksek bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersinde öncelikli olarak negatif davranışlardan kaçınma yoluyla sportmenlik davranışlarının çok iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ortaokul öğrencilerin, sportmenlik davranışlarının neden farklılık gösterdiğini belirlemek amacıyla derinlemesine araştırma yapılması önerilir.

Keywords

Beden eğitimi ve spor, ortaokul, öğrenci, sportmenlik

INVESTIGATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' SPORTSMANSHIP BEHAVIORS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS LESSON

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to examine the sportsmanship behaviors of secondary school students in physical education and sports lessons. The sample of the study consists of 949 students selected by simple random sampling, continuing their education in Hatay in the 2021-2022 academic year. “Physical Education Lesson Sportsmanship Behavior Scale” was used as a data collection tool in the research. Descriptive statistics, t, and ANOVA tests were performed in the analysis of the data. According to the research findings; it has been determined that the students' sportsmanship behaviors, exhibiting positive behaviors, avoiding negative behaviors, and in general in the scale are at a very good level. While there was no significant difference in the display of positive behaviors and overall scale according to gender, a significant difference was found in favor of female students in the dimension of avoiding negative behaviors. In the dimension of exhibiting positive behaviors, the sportsmanship scores of the 7th-grade students were found to be significantly lower than the other grade levels. In the dimension of avoiding negative behaviors, 6th-grade students' scores were higher than other grade levels. In general, the sportsmanship behaviors of the 6th-grade students were found to be higher than the 7th and 8th-grade levels. As a result of the research, it was determined that secondary school students' sportsmanship behaviors were very good, primarily by avoiding negative behaviors in physical education and sports lessons. In-depth research is recommended to determine why middle school students' sportsmanship behaviors differ.

Keywords

Physical education and sports, secondary school, sportsmanship, student

References

• Akandere, M., Baştuğ, G., Güler, E. D. (2009). Orta öğretim kurumlarında spora katılımın çocuğun ahlaki gelişimine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1), 59-68. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bsd/issue/53581/713988
• Altun, M., Güvendi, B. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersi sportmenlik davranışlarının bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 11(18), 2224-2240. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.570922
• Bernal Rubio, D., Daniel Huerta, M. J. (2016). Educación Física: una asignatura para mejorar el rendimiento académico, la cognición y los valores. Revista Infancia, Educación Y Aprendizaje, 2(1), 96-114. https://doi.org/10.22370/ieya.2016.2.1.586
• Brunsdon, J. J., Walker, D. I. (2022). Cultivating character through physical education using memetic, progressive and transformative practices in schools. Journal of Moral Education, 51(4), 477-493. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2021.1894105
• Buğdaycı, S., Abakay, U. (2018). Examining the physical education lesson sportsmanship behaviors of secondary school students: Konya province example. The Online Journal of Recreation and Sports, 7 (4), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.22282/ojrs.2018.41
• Burgueño, R., Medina-Casaubón, J. (2020). Sport education and sportsmanship orientations: An intervention in high school students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 837. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030837
• Cabrera-Nguyen, P. (2010). Author guidelines for reporting scale development and validation results in the journal of the society for social work and research. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 1(2), 99-103. https://doi.org/10.5243/jsswr.2010.8
• Can, A. (2019). Spss ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi. 8. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• Ceglie, F. (2019). Dispositional factors and sportsmanship in italian athletes. Sport Mont, 17(3), 109-112. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.191016
• Courel-Ibáñez, J., Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., Gomez-Marmol, A., Valero-Valenzuela, A., Moreno-Murcia, J. A. (2019). The moderating role of sportsmanship and violent attitudes on social and personal responsibility in adolescents. A clustering-classification approach. PloS One, 14(2), e0211933. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211933
• Cremades, J. G., Tashman, L. S. (Eds.). (2014). Becoming a sport, exercise, and performance psychology professional: A global perspective. Psychology Press.
• Doğar, Y., Yağmur, M. (2019). Beden eğitimi ve spor dersinin ortaokul öğrencileri üzerinde sportmenlik davranışı etkisinin incelenmesi (Kahramanmaraş ili örneği). Journal of History School, 43, 1651-1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/Joh24783
• Dowling, F., Kårhus, S. (2011). An analysis of the ideological work of the discourses of “fair play” and moral education in perpetuating inequitable gender practices in PETE. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 16(2), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2010.532781
• Efek, E., Türegün, E. (2022). Examen de la relación entre los niveles de deportividad y perfeccionismo de los estudiantes de secundaria. Apuntes Universitarios, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.17162/au.v12i4.1243
• Efek, E., Yiğiter, K. (2021). Spor katılımının atılganlık ve sportmenlik düzeyleri ile ilişkisi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(43), 6732-6763. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.945546
• Efek, E., Yiğiter, K. (2022). Spor, stres ve sportmenlik. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 109-130. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/yalovasosbil/issue/69410/1034108
• Ekinci, H., Koç, Y. (2020). Ortaokul öğrencilerinde sportmenlik davranışlarının yordayıcısı olarak başarı algısı. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(4), 154-165. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.712080
• Esentürk, O., İlhan, E., L., Çelik, O. B. (2015). Examination of high school students’ sportsmanlike conducts in physical education lessons according to some variability. Science, Movement and Health, 15(2 Supplement), 627-634. https://www.analefefs.ro/anale-fefs/2015/i2s/pe-autori/v2/61.pdf
• Evangelio, C., Sierra-Díaz, M. J., González-Víllora, S., Clemente, F. M. (2019). ‘Four goals for three players’: Using 3 vs. 3 small-sided games at school. Human Movement, 20(4), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2019.85096
• Ford, D. W., Jubenville, C. B., Phillips, M. B. (2012). The effect of the star sportsmanship education module on parents' self-perceived sportsmanship behaviors in youth sport. Journal of Applied Sport Management, 4(1), 114-126. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.6776111.0004.116
• Gencheva, N., Angelcheva, M., Marinov, T., Ignatov, I. (2017). Assessment of sportsmanship in case of institutionalized adolescents, deprived of parental cares. Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 42, 103-109. http://www.medicalbiophysics.bg/en/38998-42106-1-PB.pdf
• Glugatch, L. B., Machalicek, W., Knutson, K. (2021). Sportsmanship Interventions for Individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic literature review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 8, 525-540. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40489-021-00240-3
• Goksel, A. G., Zorba, E. (2017). The examination of sportsmanship behaviors of beach handball players in Turkey. The Sport Journal, 58, 82. https://thesportjournal.org/article/the-examination-of-sportsmanship-behaviors-of-beach-handball-players-in-turkey/
• Gómez Mármol, A., Sanchez-Alcaraz Martinez, B. J., Valero-Valenzuela, A., Cruz Sánchez, E. D. L. (2018). Perceived violence, sociomoral attitudes and behaviours in school contexts. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 13(1), 138-148. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.131.14
• Green, T., Gabbard, C. (1999). Do we need sportsmanship education in secondary school athletics?. Physical Educator, 56(2), 98-104. https://www.proquest.com/docview/233007182
• Günbay, Ş., Sarı, İ. (2020). Destekleme ve yetiştirme kursuna katılan öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor tutumları, sportmenlik davranışları ve uygulama hakkındaki görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 28(2), 910-930. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.697835
• Güvendi, B., Türksoy Işım, A., Özdemir, H., Altıncı, E. E. (2019). Investigation of secondary school students’ attitudes toward violence with physical education lessons’ sportspersonship behaviours. The Journal of Eurasia Sport Sciences and Medicine, 1(1), 1-9. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jessm/issue/44960/514051
• Hassandra, M., Goudas, M., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Theodorakis, Y. (2007). A fair play intervention program in school olympic education. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 22(2), 99-114. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03173516
• Jang, C. Y. (2013). Development and validation of the sport character scale (Unpublished Doctorate Thesis). The University of Utah, USA.
• Kangalgil, M., Özgül, F., Temel, A., Kural, T., Karagöz, Y. (2021). Beden eğitimi ve spor dersi değerler eğitimi ölçeği (besddeö) geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 70-80. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bsd/issue/60685/855962
• Kaplan, E., Akyüz, O. (2020). Futbolcuların başarı hedefleri ve spor karakterleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Egzersiz Psikolojisi Dergisi, 2(2), 82-90. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/intjourexerpsyc/issue/59147/828097
• Karagöz , Y., Bardakçı, S. (2020). Bilimsel araştırmalarda kullanılan ölçme araçları ve ölçek geliştirme. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Kartal, M., İnan, H. (2018). Spor lisesi öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi dersi sportmenlik davranışlarının incelenmesi: Adıyaman ili örneği. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 4(23), 4793-4799. https://doi.org/10.26449/sssj.889
• Kavussanu, M., Stamp, R., Slade, G., Ring, C. (2009). Observed prosocial and antisocial behaviors in male and female soccer players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21(1), 62-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200802624292
• Kayışoğlu, N. B., Altınkök, M., Temel, C., Yüksel, Y. (2015). Investigation of secondary school students’ physical education sportsmanship behaviours: Karabük sample. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 1(3), 1044-1056. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.279164
• Keating, J. W. (2007). Sportsmanship as a moral category. In: Morgan, W. J. (Editor) Ethics in Sport. Human Kinetics, 141-152. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20073163439
• Koç, Y., Tamer, K. (2016). A study on the sportsmanship behaviors of female students in physical education course according to different variables. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 226-234. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bsd/issue/53483/711935
• Koç, Y. (2013). Beden eğitimi dersi sportmenlik davranışı ölçeği (bedsdö): Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 96-114. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/erziefd/issue/6010/80380
• Koc, Y. (2017). Relationships between the physical education course sportsmanship behaviors with tendency to violence and empathetic ability (Note 1). Journal of Education and Learning, 6(3), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v6n3p169
• Koç, Y., Güllü, M. (2017). Lise öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi dersi sportmenlik davranışlarının bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000304
• Koç, Y., Karabudak, A. A. T. (2017). The relationship between sportsmanship level of secondary school students and their success regarding the religious culture and knowledge of ethics course. Educational Research and Reviews, 12(16), 754-761. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2017.3316
• Koç, Y., Nas, H. (2022). Predictive effect of self-efficacy and psychological resilience on sportsmanship behavior in high school students. i-manager’s Journal on Educational Psychology, 15(3), 21-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jpsy.15.3.18624
• Kural, S., Dilek, A. N., Kural, V. (2022). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine karşı tutumları ile sportmenlik davranışları sergileme düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre analiz edilmesi. Bartın Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 1-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bujer/issue/70824/995037
• Loland, S. (2013). Fair play in sport: A moral norm system. Routledge.
• Lubay, L. H., Purnama, A. D. (2020). An effort to improve the playing skill through the application of tool modification in small ball game (a classroom action research). In 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019) (pp. 403-405). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200214.108
• Ludwiczak, M., Bronikowska, M. (2022). Fair play in a context of physical education and sports behaviours. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2452. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042452
• Méndez-Giménez, A., Fernández-Río, J., Méndez-Alonso, D. (2015). Sport education model versus traditional model: Effects on motivation and sportsmanship. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, 15(59), 449-466. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20153364274
• Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı [MEB] (2018). Beden eğitimi ve spor dersi öğretim programı (Ortaokul 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar). http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=324
• Milli Eğitim, Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı [MEGSB] (1988). İlköğretim okulları, lise ve dengi okullar beden eğitimi dersi öğretim programları. İstanbul: Milli Eğitim Basımevi.
• Omeñaca, J. V. R., de León Elizondo, A. P., Arazuri, E. S., San Emeterio, M. Á. V. (2015). La educación en valores desde el deporte: investigación sobre la aplicación de un programa integral en deportes de equipo. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, (28), 270-276. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5147800
• Pehlivan, Z., Konukman, F. (2004). Fair-play kavramının geliştirilmesinde okul sporunun yeri ve önemi. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 49-53. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000028
• Proios, M. (2011). Relationship between student perceived conduct in physical education settings and "Unfair" play. International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences, 23(2), 421-440. http://ikee.lib.auth.gr/record/265984
• Rarujanai, K., Teo, E. W., Ling, A., Kuan, G. (2022). Understanding players' sportspersonship attitude, expectancy-related beliefs, and subjective task values in field hockey: An integrated approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4819. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084819
• Robles, C. C., Vega, D. M., Romero, S. G., Ramírez, J. V. (2020). ¿Es efectivo el Modelo de Educación Deportiva para mejorar la deportividad y actividad física en escolares?. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 16(60), 180-198. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2020.06005
• Şahin, A., Kılıç, T., Gülşen, D. B. A., Karademir, M. B. (2021). Sportsmanship behaviors related to gender and family attitude of secondary school students. Education Quarterly Reviews, 4(1), 190-195. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.238
• Sánchez-Alcaraz Martínez, B. J., Gómez-Mármol, A., Valero-Valenzuela, A., De la Cruz-Sánchez, E., Belando, N., Moreno Murcia, J. A. (2019). Achieving greater sportsmanship and decreasing school violence through responsibility and sport practice. Journal of Sport Psychology, 28(2), 151-160. https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/revpsidep/revpsidep_a2019v28n2/revpsidep_a2019v28n2p151.pdf
• Sezen-Balçıkanlı, G., Yıldıran, İ. (2011). Profesyonel futbolcuların sportmenlik yönelimleri ve empatik eğilim düzeyleri. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000199
• Sierra-Díaz, M. J., González-Víllora, S., Fernandez-Rio, J. (2022). Sportspersonship under review: An examination of fair play attitudes through the contextualized sport alphabetization model in primary physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 1(Ahead of Print), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2021-0301
• Stewart, C. C. (2014). Sportsmanship, gamesmanship, and the implications for coach education. Strategies, 27(5), 3-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2014.938878
• Stornes, T., Ommundsen, Y. (2004). Achievement goals, motivational climate and sportspersonship: A study of young handball players. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 48(2), 205-221. https://doi.org/10.1080/0031383042000198512
• Tanrıverdi, H. (2012). Spor ahlakı ve şiddet. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 5(8), 1071-1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss_361
• Temel, A., Kangalgil, M. (2021). Oyun ve fiziki etkinlikler dersi öğretim programı kazanımlarının gerçekleşmesine ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 50(229), 445-462. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/milliegitim/issue/60215/874865
• Temel, A. (2022). Ortaokul öğrencilerin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin değer algıları ve tutumlarının incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Niğde.
• Temel, A., Emre. T., Emre, R. (2021). Futbol antrenörlerinin ahlaki karar alma tutumlarının incelenmesi. Turkish Studies, 16(2), 757-771. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.49990
• Türkçapar, Ü., Kayabaşı, A., Kudaybergenova, A. (2020). Determining the sportsmanship levels of table tennis athletes. The Journal of Eurasia Sport Sciences and Medicine, 2(2), 41-48. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jessm/issue/59365/844282
• Türkmen, M., Varol, S. (2015). Beden eğitimi ve spor dersinin ortaokul öğrencileri üzerinde sportmenlik davranışı oluşturma etkisinin belirlenmesi: (Bartın il örneği) Uluslararası Güncel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 42-64. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/intjces/issue/25668/270721
• Yalçın, Y. G., Tek, T., Çetin, M. Ç. (2020) Amatör olarak spor yapan üniversite öğrencilerinin sportmenlik yönelimlerinin incelenmesi. Türk Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1), 29-34. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tsbd/issue/52814/701387
• Yıldıran, İ. (2004). Fair play: Kapsamı, Türkiye’deki görünümü ve geliştirme perspektifleri. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(4), 3-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gbesbd/issue/27982/305006
• Yıldıran, İ. (2005). Fair-play eğitiminde beden eğitiminin rolü. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 3–16. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/gbesbd/issue/27983/304948
• Yıldız, R., Özgül, F. (2017). Investigation of the effects of physical activity levels on sport behavior (fair-play) of the students participating in school sports at different branches (Sivas city example). International Journal of Sports and Physical Education (IJSPE), 3(4), 40-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-6380.0304007
• Yılmaz, A., Esentürk, O. K., İlhan, E. L. (2017). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin ahlaki gelişimleri açısından sportmenlik yönelimleri. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(4), 4969-4988. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4869