SARS KORONAVİRÜS-2 (SARS-CoV-2) VİROLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DİĞER KORONAVİRÜSLERDEN FARKI

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: Covid-19 Özel, 1 - 9, 07.10.2020

Ekin Eryılmaz Recep Keşli

Abstract

Koronavirüsler, insanlarda ve hayvanlarda çeşitli derecelerde enterik, hepatik, respiratuvar ve sistemik tutulumlar yapabilen büyük bir virüs ailesidir. İnsanlarda enfeksiyona neden olduğu bilinen altı koronavirüsten dördü ( HCoV 229E, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1 ve HCoV OC43) immunkompetan bireylerde hafif üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonuna neden olmaktadır. SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus) ve MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus) zoonotik virüslerdir ve şiddetli alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu ve hatta ölüme neden olabilmektedir. Çin’de 31 Aralık 2019’da etiyolojisi bilinmeyen pnömoni vakaları bildirilmiştir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından yeni tip koronavirüse bağlı pnömoni vakaları 11 Şubat 2020’de COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) olarak adlandırılmıştır (WHO Report-1, 2020) Önceden 2019-nCov olarak bilinen virüs Koronavirüs Çalışma Grubu tarafından Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) olarak yeniden adlandırmıştır (Gorbalenya vd, 2020). Türkiye’de ilk COVID-19 vakası 11 Mart 2020’de bildirilmiştir. SARS-CoV-2’ nin Betacoronavirus olduğu ve yarasa kökenli bat-SL-CoVZC45 ve bat-SL-CoVZXC21 ile oldukça yakın ilişki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç; yarasaların SARS-CoV-2 için olası rezervuar konakçılar olduğunu düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, Koronavirüs, SARS-CoV-2

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