The concept of sacred corresponds to the words “sacrum-sacer” in Latin, “hagios” in Greek, “kedusah” in Hebrew and “sacred, holy, divine” in English. It is a very difficult concept to describe or explain scientifically because it is included in the subject of sacred belief and emotion. Just as eternity and God himself are not fully explained; sacred also settles at a point that cannot be defined in the category of belief and whose transcendence is believed. In our opinion, sacred is that the believer comes into contact with the divine in an invisible (spiritual) dimension through image or emotion and the transcendent is perceived directly and instinctively. The sacred can be both knowable and unknowable according to one’s life and belief experience. The transcendence that man wants to contact can be the sacred itself and the contact made with the transcendent can also be called sacred. While this situation, which happens personally, is called a miracle in some beliefs or religions, in fact, even just praying can be shown as an example of the contact between the sacred and the human. In this context, whatever means, this intuitive contact with the transcendent causes objects, places, symbols and even time to be remembered as sacred.
The attribution of sacred or holiness is often confronted with a strict devotion to the transcendent, eternal, absolute, unchangeable and hence the divine (Creator-God). The human race has attempted to reflect the divine quality that it is trying to grasp on the earth through arts and symbols, which are the means of manifestation of the sacred. Within the framework of our subject; circle and sacred connections have been handled with its cosmological, philosophical, symbolic, artistic, mythological and architectural dimensions. In terms of meaning, it is understood through the analyzed examples and symbols that these two elements develop in connection with the human mind. The circle symbol, which has been repeated since ancient times and which is one of the oldest signs, is one of the first reflections and representations of the sacred on earth. The reduction of the abstract divine quality to the concrete through symbolism can be explained as a natural reflex of the human mind for ease of comprehension. The perception of the circle, especially in primitive man, mostly comes across with celestial connections. The circle symbol must have been initially produced from celestial forms such as the Moon and the Sun, which is regarded as sacred in meaning. Considering the sky itself sacred, the person used the circle symbol as a sacred symbol in this context. Man, who can think and dream as much as what he sees and experiences, transforms the sacred image into a circular symbol at this point and reduces it to concrete. The circle symbol, as a divine human production on a spiritual basis, it is the representation of the sacred on earth.
In this study, the concept of sacred and circle symbol was examined with some abstract and concrete examples and the connection of meaning between the two concepts was questioned.
Kutsal kavramı dini, sanatsal ve felsefi çerçeve içerisinde, hem doğrudan hem de yorumbilimsel olarak, oldukça farklı tanımlamalarla ifade edilmektedir. En genel tanımıyla kutsal; tapınılacak derecede önemsenen, üstüne titrenen, bozulmaması ve dokunulmaması gereken, dini bir saygı uyandıran Tanrısal-İlahi-Aşkın niteliğe denmektedir. Kutsallık veya kutsiyet atfetme genellikle insanı aşan, sonsuz, mutlak, değişmez olana, dolayısıyla aşkın olana (Yaratıcı-Tanrı) kesin bir bağlılıkla karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İnsan nesli, kavramaya çalıştığı aşkın niteliği, kutsalın tezahür araçlarından olan sanat ve semboller yoluyla yeryüzünde yansıtma çabasına girişmiştir. Konumuz çerçevesinde daire ve kutsal bağlantıları; kozmolojik, felsefi, sembolik, sanatsal, mitolojik ve mimari boyutlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Anlam noktasında insan zihninde bu iki unsurun, bağlantılı olarak gelişim gösterdiği, incelenen örnekler ve simgeler aracılığı ile anlaşılmaktadır. Eski çağlardan bu yana sürekli tekrarlanan, en eski işaretlerden birisi olan daire simgesi, kutsalın yeryüzündeki ilk yansıma ve temsillerinden birisidir. Bu çalışmada kutsal kavramı ve daire simgesi, bazı soyut ve somut örneklerle incelenerek, iki kavram arasındaki anlam bağlantısı sorgulanmıştır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Cultural Studies |
Journal Section | RESEARCH |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 20, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 |