Siyez Buğdayı (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) Çimlenme Döneminde Soğuğa Ekmeklik Buğdaydan (Triticum aestivum L.) Daha İyi Dayanmaktadır

Year 2016, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 182 - 192, 26.12.2016

Didem Aslan Bülent Ordu Nusret Zencirci

Abstract

On iki ekmeklik buğday çeşidi ve 10 siyez buğday
populasyonunun yedi soğuk düzeyindeki çimlenme hızı (ÇH), çimlenme gücü (ÇG),
koleoptil uzunluğu (KU), çim boyu (ÇB), kök boyu (KB) çim kök uzunluğu oranı
(ÇKUO), kök yaş ağırlığı (KYA), kök kuru ağırlığı (KKA) ve kök yaş kuru ağırlık
oranı (KYKAO) üç tekerrürlü faktöriyel düzenlenmiş tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde
araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmadaki çalışma materyali; yedi soğuk düzeyinde
önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. Yirmi ekmeklik buğday genotipi ÇH, KU ve KKA bakımından
çok önemli; KB ve ÇB bakımından önemli; ÇG, ÇKBO ve KKA bakımından da önemsiz
farklılıklar sergilemişlerdir. Hesaplanan Pearson doğrusal korelasyon
katsayıları KU-ÇU, KU-KYA ve KKA-KYA arasında çok önemli iken ÇH-KYKAO,
ÇG-KYKAO, KU-KYKAO, ÇU-KYKAO, KU-KYKAO, ÇKUO-KYKAO, KYA-KYKAO ve KKA-KYKAO
arasında önemsiz bulunmuşlardır. Benzer şekilde, Spearman korelasyon katsayıları,
soğuk stresi altında ÇH-ÇG, ÇH-KU, ÇH-ÇU, ÇH-KU, ÇH-KYA, ÇH-KKA, ÇG-KU, ÇG-ÇU, ÇG-KU,
ÇG-KYA, ÇG-KKA, KU-ÇU, KU-KB, KU-ÇKUO, KU-KYA, KU-KKA, ÇU-KB, ÇU-ÇKUO, ÇU-KYA, ÇU-KYKAO,
KU-SKUR, KU-KYA, KB-KKA, ÇKUO-KYA, ÇKUO-KKA ve 
ÇKUO-KYKAO arasında yüksek olumlu ilişki göstermişlerdir. Öte yandan, AB1’deki ÇB (0.156), KB (0.156), KKA
((0.156)’lar önemsiz iken AB2’deki KYKAO (0.99) ile AB3’deki ÇH (-0.342)’lar önemli
bulunmuştur. İlk üçte yeralan AB’lerin birikimli varyansı %87.58 olmuş ve ortalama
temelli öbekağacı siyez ve ekmeklik buğdaylarını iki ana gruba ayırmıştır. Sonuç
olarak; yüksek bölgelerden toplanan kavuzlu siyez buğday populasyonlarının çimlenme
dönemi soğuklarına karşı uygun gen kaynakları olabilecekleri ve soğuk dayanımı
için çalışan buğday ıslah programları tarafından kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Çimlenme dönemleri, ekmeklik buğday, siyez

Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) Tolerates Cold Stress Better than Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Germination

Abstract

Twelve bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) cultivars and ten einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum
L.) populations were investigated for germination rate (GR-%), germination power (GP-%), coleoptile
length (CL-cm), shoot length (SL-cm), root length (RL-cm), shoot/root length ratio
(SRLR), root fresh weight (RFW-mg), root dry weight (RDW-mg), and root fresh
/dry weight ratio (RFDWR) under seven different cold stress levels in a three replicate randomized complete block design with factorial
restriction. Experimental materials, which were utilized in this research, showed
significantly different responses under seven cold levels.  From them, 20 bread wheat genotypes demonstrated higher significance for GR, RL, and RDW;
significance for CL and SL; and non-significance for GP, SRLR, and RFW. Pearson
linear correlation coefficients calculated were highly significant between RL-SL,
RL-RFW, and RDW-RFW but not between GR-RFDWR, GP-RFDWR, CL-RFDWR, SL-RFDWR,
RL-RFDWR, SRLR-RFDWR, RFW-RFDWR, and RDW-RFDWR. Similarly, Spearman correlation
coefficients were highly positive between GR-GP, GR-CL, GR-SL, GR-RL, GR-RFW,
GR-RDW, GP-CL, GP-SL, GP-RL, GP-RFW, GP-RDW, CL-SL, CL-RL, CL-SLRLR,
CL-RFW, CL-RDW, SL-RL, SL-SLRLR, SL-FW, SL-RFDWR, RL-SRLR, RL-RFW, RL-RDW,
SRLR-RFW, SRLR-RDW, and SRLR-RFDWR. On the other hand, PCs were not significant for SL (0.156), RL (0.156), and RDW (0.156)
in PC 1; significant in PC2 for RFDWR (0.99); and significant in PC3 for GR
(-0.342). Cumulative variance of first three PCs was 87.58% and the average dendogram
for both bread and einkorn wheat entries produced two main groups. As a result, einkorn wheat populations from higher elevations seemed to provide good genetic
resources for cold tolerance during germination stages. It is obvious that
these characters easily can be used in any wheat breeding programs against cold stress conditions.

Keywords

Bread wheat, cold stress, einkorn

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