Past, Present and Future of Transgenic Crops

Year 2016, Volume: 25 Issue: ÖZEL SAYI-2, 346 - 356, 31.12.2016

Rüştü Hatipoğlu

Abstract

After obtaining the first genetically modified crop through modern DNA recombination techniques in 1982
and testing under field conditions in 1986, commercially growing of the genetically modified crops began in
1996 on an area of 1.7 million ha. Growing areas of genetically modified crops in 2014 reached to an area
of 181.5 million ha by an increase of 107 fold. While growing areas of genetically modified crops increased
very rapidly in a short time, discussions on the commercially growing of genetically modified crops are going
on. There are some doubts on the possibility of negative effects of genetically modified crops on human,
animal and environment. Number of the countries commercially growing the genetically modified crops
changed from year to year, and it did not exceed 30 during the years of 1996-2014. In this review
presentation, past, present and future of the genetically modified crops was discussed.

Keywords

genetically modified crop, benefit, risk

Transgenik Bitkilerin Dünü, Bugünü ve Geleceği

Abstract

1982 yılında ilk transgenik bitkinin elde edilmesi ve 1986 yılında tarlaya aktarılmasından sonra istatistik
kayıtlarına giren transgenik bitki tarımı 1996 yılında 1.7 milyon ha alanda başlamış ve aradan geçen 18 yıl
içinde 107 katına çıkarak 2014 yılında 181.5 milyon ha alanda transgenik bitki tarımı yapılmıştır. Transgenik
bitki tarımında kısa süredeki hızlı artışa karşılık bu bitkilerin tarımı ve ticaretiyle ilgili tartışmalar devam
etmektedir. Söz konusu bitkilerin insan, hayvan ve çevre üzerinde bazı olumsuz etkileri olabileceği ile ilgili
kuşkular bulunmaktadır. Bu tartışmalar nedeniyle , 1996-2014 yılları arasında transgenik bitki tarımı yapan
ülke sayısı yıldan yıla değişmiş ve 30 ülkeyi geçmemiştir. Bu bildiride transgenik bitkilerin geçmişi ve bugünü
ortaya konularak geleceği tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Transgenik bitki, avantaj, dezavantaj

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