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Abdurrahman b. Yûsuf el-Licâî ve Şemâilü’l-Husûs Adlı Eseri (Tahkik)

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 42, 41 - 77, 31.12.2020

Abstract

Tasavvuf, İslam düşünce geleneği içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Tasavvufî hayat tarzı Müslümanların yaşadığı tüm coğrafyalarda ilk bakışta göze çarpan dinî-kültürel unsurların başında gelir. Bu cümleden olmak üzere Mağrip’te de tasavvuf kültürü ve mistik hayat tezahürleri Müslümanların bu coğrafyayı fethi yıllarına uzanacak kadar eskidir. Özelde Mağrip genelde Kuzey Afrika coğrafyasında İslam dininin yayılmasında tasavvufun büyük katkısı olmuştur.
Makalemize konu edindiğimiz eserin müellifi Abdurrahman b. Yûsuf el-Licâî XII. yüzyılın son çeyreği ile XIII. yüzyılın ilk çeyreği arasında, Muvahhidler Devletinin en parlak döneminde Mağrip’te yaşamıştır. İlim dünyası yakın zamana kadar Licâî ve eserlerinden haberdar olamamıştır. Licâî’yi günümüz dünyasına tanıtan ilk araştırmacı Dibâcî olmuştur. O, Licâî’nin Kutbu’l-ârifîn ve Şemsu’l-kulûb adlı eserlerini tahkik ederek yayınlamış ve bu yayınlarının girişinde de Licâî’nin hayatı hakkında birtakım bilgiler vermiştir. Biz de Licâî’nin bu iki eseri ve yazma halindeki diğer eserlerinden hareketle tasavvuf anlayışını “Mağripli Sûfî” adlı kitabımızda ilim dünyasına arz etmiştik.
Licâî’nin tasavvuf döneminin sonu, tarikatlar döneminin başı sayılan bir devirde yaşamış olması onu, tasavvufî düşüncenin şekillenmesinde önemli bir şahsiyet kılmıştır. Yaşadığı dönem itibariyle fikirlerinin incelenmesi üzerinde yapılacak her bir çalışma özelde Mağrip’te genelde Kuzey Afrika’da gelişen tasavvufî düşünce ve pratiklere ışık tutacak bir mahiyettedir.
Bu istikamet üzere biz de bu çalışmamızda, evvela Licâî’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında muhtasar bir malumat sunduk. Çalışmamızın omurgasını ise Licâî’nin Şemâilü’l-Husûs adlı eseri oluşturmaktadır. İlgili bölümde, mezkûr eserin (el yazma üç nüshası karşılaştırılarak) tahkikli neşrine yer verilmiştir. Ortaya koyduğumuz bu tahkik çalışmasının Kuzey Afrika coğrafyası üzerinde derinlemesine araştırmalar yapacak ilim adamlarına küçük de olsa bir katkı sağlayacağı kanaatindeyiz.

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عبد الرحمن بن يوسف اللجائيّ وتحقيق أثره المسمّى بــ "شمائل الخصوص"

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 42, 41 - 77, 31.12.2020

Abstract

أهميّة الثقافة الصوفيّة في تقاليد الفكر الإسلاميّ مستغنية عن الايضاح. يأتي أسلوب الحياة الصوفيّة في بداية العناصر الدينيّة والثقافيّة الأكثر لفتًا للانتباه في جميع المناطق الجغرافيّة التي يعيش فيها المسلمون. بما في ذلك من هذه الجملة، وفي المغرب أيضاً ثقافة الصوفيّة ومظاهر الحياة الصوفيّة قديمة بما يكفي لتعود إلى سنوات الفتح الإسلاميّ لهذه الجغرافيا. كان للصوفيّة مساهمة كبيرة في انتشار دين الإسلام في المغرب خاصّة، وفي جغرافيا شمال إفريقيا عامّة.
مؤلّف الكتاب -عبد الرحمن بن يوسف اللجائيّ- الذي جعلناه موضوع مقالنا، قد عاش بين الربع الأخير للقرن الثانية عشر وبين الربع الأول للقرن الثالثة عشر، بالمغرب، في أوج دولة الموحّدين. لم يكن عالم العلم على علم بـاللجائيّ ومؤلّفاته حتى وقت قريب. صار الديباجيّ أول باحث عرّف اللجائي إلى عالم اليوم. قد نشر كتابي اللجايئ "قطب العارفين" و "شمس القلوب" مع تحقيقهما، وفي مقدمتي الكتابين قدّم بعض معلومات عن حياة اللجائيّ. بناء على هذين الكتابين و مؤلفاته المخطوطة الأخرى ونحن أيضاً قد قدّمنا فهمه للتصوف في كتابنا المسمّى بـــ "Mağripli Sufi"
قد جعله عيشه في حقبة تعدّ آخر فترة التصوف وبداية فترة الطرائق شخصية مهمّة في تشكّل الفكر التصوفيّ. كل دراسات أجريت على بحث أفكاره حسب الحقبة التي عاش فيها ستضيء الفهم والتطبيق التصوفي الذي تطوّر في المغرب خاصّة، وفي جغرافيا شمال إفريقيا عامّة.
في هذا الاتجاه ، ونحن أيضاً في هذه الدراسة ، قدّمنا أولاً معلومات موجزة عن حياة اللجائيّ وكتبه. يشكّل كتاب اللجائي المسمّى بــ "شمائل الخصوص" العمود الفقري لعملنا هذا. في القسم ذي الصلة، قد قدّم نشر الكتاب المذكور محقّقاً (بمقارنة ثلاث نسخ مخطوطة). نحن نرى أنّ دراستنا التحقيقية ستقدّم مساهمة صغيرة للعلماء الذين سيجرون بحثًا متعمقًا حول جغرافيا شمال إفريقيا.

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‘Abdurraḥman b. Yūsuf al-Lijā‘ī and the Critical Edition Taḥqīq of His Work Titled Shaemā‘il al-Khuṣūṣ’s

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 42, 41 - 77, 31.12.2020

Abstract

The importance of Ṣūfī culture within the Islamic tradition of thought is self-evident. The Ṣūfi lifestyle is one of the most important religious-cultural elements in all lands where Muslims live. In this context, the reflections Ṣūfī culture and life in Maghrib date back as far as the Muslim conquest of this vast area. Ṣūfism contributed greatly to the spread of the religion of Islam, especially in the region of al-Maghrib and in North Africa in general.
The author of the work, which constitutes the subject matter of our article, ‘Abdurraḥman b. Yūsuf al-Lijā‘ī lived in al-Maghrib during the heyday of the Almohad State between the last quarter of the 12th century and the first quarter of the 13th century. However, Lijā‘ī and his works have remained almost unknown among the scholarly circles until recently. Dībājī was the first researcher to introduce Lijā‘ī to today's world. Dībājī published the critical edition (taḥqīq) of Lijā‘ī's Qutb al-‘Ārifīn and Shams al-Qulūb. At the begining of these publications, he gives concise information about Lijā‘ī's life. Based on these two works and other manuscripts of Lijā‘ī, we tried to present stance concerning Ṣūfism in our book “Mağripli Sûfî”.
The fact that Lijā‘ī lived in a period during which the Ṣūfī Orders emerged by the end of the so-called taṣawwuf period made him an important figure in shaping the Ṣūfī thought. Each study to be conducted on the examination of their ideas as of the period they lived would shed light on the Ṣūfi thoughts and practices developed especially in al-Maghrib and in North Africa in general.
In that vein, we have presented a piece concise information about Lijā‘ī's life and his works in this study. The main theme of our study is Lijā‘ī's work titled Shaemā‘il al-Khuṣūṣ. In the related section, three copies of the aforementioned manuscript have been analyzed and edited critically (taḥqīq). We believe that this critical edition (taḥqīq) will make a small contribution to scholars who will conduct in-depth research on North African geography.

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There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Adem Çatak

Ahmet Vural

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Submission Date April 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 21 Issue: 42

Cite

Chicago Çatak, Adem, and Ahmet Vural. “‘Abdurraḥman B. Yūsuf Al-Lijā‘ī and the Critical Edition Taḥqīq of His Work Titled Shaemā‘il Al-Khuṣūṣ’s”. Tasavvuf İlmi Ve Akademik Araştırma Dergisi 21, no. 42 (December 2020): 41-77.

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