Araştırma Makalesi
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İki yerel entomopatojen nematod türünün (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) farklı sıcaklıklarda buğday unlu biti Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) erginleri üzerindeki etkinliği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 57 - 64, 15.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.1540789

Öz

Türkiye, buğday bitkisinin anavatanıdır. Türkiye'de buğday üretimi özellikle İç ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), buğdayda başlıca depo zararlılarından biri olup, Türkiye'de buğday üretiminde önemli bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Türkiye'de Bilecik ilinden zeytin ve erik bahçelerinden elde edilen iki yerel entomopatojenik nematod türü: Steinernema feltiae (İzolat 8), S. carpocapsae (İzolat 27), dört farklı konsantrasyon (250, 500, 1000 ve 2000 IJs/ml) ve dört farklı sıcaklıkta (15, 20, 25 ve 30 °C) S. granarius erginleri üzerinde test edilmiştir. İki entomopatojen nematod izolatının S. granarius üzerindeki enfeksiyon oranları ve etkinlikleri 8 gün boyunca izlenmiş ve ölüm oranları tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, uygulama sonrası 8. günde S. granarius’un ergin canlı sayısı, S. feltiae ve S. carpocapsae’nin farklı IJs dozlarına göre karşılaştırıldığında en düşük canlı ergin sayısı 3. dozda (1000 IJs/ml) S. carpocapsae’de 25 °C’de 0.63±0.47 olarak gözlenirken, bunu S. carpocapsae’nin 30 °C’de verdiği sonuçlar (0.83±0.69) ve 20 °C sıcaklıktaki (0.83±1.06) takip etmiştir. S. feltiae’de ise uygulama sonrası 8. günde 2000 IJ/ml dozunda 20 °C’de 1.63±0.94, 20 °C’de ise 2.00±0.70 canlı ergin sayısı gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, S. carpocapsae/27 izolatının S. granarius erginlerini S. feltiae/8 izolatına göre daha başarılı bir şekilde enfekte ettiği ve her iki izolatın da S. granarius erginlerine karşı biyolojik mücadelede kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.

Destekleyen Kurum

Düzce Üniversitesi

Teşekkür

Prof Dr. Uğur GÖZEL'e çalışmaya katkılarından ötürü teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Akhurst R. J. & N. E. Boemare, 2018. Biology and taxonomy of Xenorhabdus. In Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control CRC press, p. 75-90.
  • Bedding R. A. & A. S. Molyneux, 1982. Penetration of insect cuticle by infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis spp. (Heterorhabditidae: Nematoda). Nematologica, 28 (3): 354-359.
  • Çakmak T. (2024). Comparative analysis of soil nematode biodiversity from five different fruit orchards in Osmaneli district, Bilecik, Türkiye. Journal of Nematology, 56(1).
  • Ebadollahi A., 2011. Susceptibility of two Sitophilus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare and Satureja hortensis. Ecologia Balkanica, 3(2): 1-13
  • Grewal P. S., R. U. Ehlers & D. I. Shapiro-Ilan, 2005. Nematodes as biocontrol agents. CABI Publishing, USA, p. 505-506.
  • Huang F., & B. Subramanyam, 2005. Management of five stored product insects in wheat with pirimiphos methyl and pirimiphos methyl plus synergized pyrethrins. Pest Management Science, 61(4): 356-362.
  • Kahraman R. A. N. D., & A. Kahraman, 2023. Sustainable Agricultural Production: Perspective on Wheat and Dry Bean–World and Türkiye. Advanced strategies, Iksad Publishing, Ankara, p. 3-43.
  • Kaya H. K. & S. P. Stock, 1997. Techniques in insect nematology. In: Lacey, L.A. Ed. manual of techniques in insect pathology. Biological Techniques Series. San Diego, London: Academic Press, p. 281-324.
  • Koppenhöfer A. M., 2007. Nematodes. In “Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology: Application and Evaluation of Pathogens for Control of Insects and Other Invertebrate Pests” Lawrence A.L. & H.K. Kaya, eds., Springer, 249, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 16-28.
  • Laznik Ž., T. Tóth, T. Lakatos, M. Vidrih & S. Trdan, 2010. The activity of three new strains of Steinernema feltiae against adults of Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory conditions. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(1): 150-154.
  • Negrisoli C. R. D. C. B., A. S. N. Júnior, D. Bernardi, & M. S. Garcia, 2013. Activity of eight strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) against five stored product pests. Experimental Parasitology, 134(3): 384-388.
  • Niewiada A., J. Nawrot, J. Szafranek, B. Szafranek, E. Synak, H. Jeleń, & E. Wąsowicz, 2005. Some factors affecting egg-laying of the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.). Journal of Stored Products Research, 41(5): 544-555.
  • Poinar G. O. & P. S. Grewal, 2012. History of entomopathogenic nematology. Journal of Nematology, 44 (2): 153 - 161.
  • Poinar G. O. Jr., 1979. Nematodes for biological control of insects, C.R.C. Press, p. 249-277, Boca Raton, FL.
  • Poinar G. O. 1975. Entomogenous nematodes: a manual and host list of insect-nematode associations. Brill Archive, p, 51-55.
  • Sarkar S., J. D. B. Gil, J. Keeley, & K. Jansen, 2021. The use of pesticides in developing countries and their impact on health and the right to food. European Union, p. 12-13.
  • Smart Jr. G. C., 1995. Entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of insects. Journal of Nematology, 27 (4S): 529.
  • Trdan S., M. Vidrih, & N. Valič, 2006. Activity of four entomopathogenic nematode species against young adults of Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113 (4): 168-173.
  • Ünlü İ. O. & N. Özer, 2003. Evaluation of the reproductive potential and competition between two entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). Turkish Journal of Biology, 27 (3): 149-155.
  • Wang Y. & R. Gaugler, 1998. Host and penetration site location by entomopathogenic nematodes against Japanese beetle larvae. The Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 72 (3): 313-318.
  • Yüksel E., R. Canhilal, & M. Imren, 2019. Potential of four Turkish isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against three major stored products insect pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 83: 317-321.

Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 57 - 64, 15.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.1540789

Öz

Türkiye is the country of origin for the wheat plant, and a significant portion of wheat production is concentrated in the southeastern and central provinces. One of the most serious pests affecting stored wheat grains in Türkiye is Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), posing a significant threat to wheat production. This study evaluated the efficacy of two locally sourced entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species, Steinernema feltiae (Strain 8) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Strain 27), isolated from olive and plum orchards in Bilecik, Türkiye. The experiment was conducted using four different concentrations of infective juveniles (IJs) (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 IJs/ml) at four temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 30 °C). Mortality rates of S. granarius adults were assessed over an 8-day period following the application of EPNs. Results showed that on the 8th day post-application, the lowest number of surviving S. granarius adults was recorded at the 1000 IJs/ml concentration of S. carpocapsae, with 0.63±0.47 at 25 °C. This was followed by 0.83±0.69 at 30 °C and 0.83±1.06 at 20 °C for the same nematode species. In contrast, S. feltiae exhibited higher survival rates, with 1.63±0.94 living adults at 20 °C and 2.00±0.70 at 2000 IJs/ml on the 8th day post-application. Overall, the S. carpocapsae (Strain 27) isolate demonstrated greater efficacy in infecting S. granarius adults compared to the S. feltiae (Strain 8) isolate. Both isolates exhibit significant potential for use in the biological control of S. granarius adults.

Kaynakça

  • Akhurst R. J. & N. E. Boemare, 2018. Biology and taxonomy of Xenorhabdus. In Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control CRC press, p. 75-90.
  • Bedding R. A. & A. S. Molyneux, 1982. Penetration of insect cuticle by infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis spp. (Heterorhabditidae: Nematoda). Nematologica, 28 (3): 354-359.
  • Çakmak T. (2024). Comparative analysis of soil nematode biodiversity from five different fruit orchards in Osmaneli district, Bilecik, Türkiye. Journal of Nematology, 56(1).
  • Ebadollahi A., 2011. Susceptibility of two Sitophilus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare and Satureja hortensis. Ecologia Balkanica, 3(2): 1-13
  • Grewal P. S., R. U. Ehlers & D. I. Shapiro-Ilan, 2005. Nematodes as biocontrol agents. CABI Publishing, USA, p. 505-506.
  • Huang F., & B. Subramanyam, 2005. Management of five stored product insects in wheat with pirimiphos methyl and pirimiphos methyl plus synergized pyrethrins. Pest Management Science, 61(4): 356-362.
  • Kahraman R. A. N. D., & A. Kahraman, 2023. Sustainable Agricultural Production: Perspective on Wheat and Dry Bean–World and Türkiye. Advanced strategies, Iksad Publishing, Ankara, p. 3-43.
  • Kaya H. K. & S. P. Stock, 1997. Techniques in insect nematology. In: Lacey, L.A. Ed. manual of techniques in insect pathology. Biological Techniques Series. San Diego, London: Academic Press, p. 281-324.
  • Koppenhöfer A. M., 2007. Nematodes. In “Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology: Application and Evaluation of Pathogens for Control of Insects and Other Invertebrate Pests” Lawrence A.L. & H.K. Kaya, eds., Springer, 249, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 16-28.
  • Laznik Ž., T. Tóth, T. Lakatos, M. Vidrih & S. Trdan, 2010. The activity of three new strains of Steinernema feltiae against adults of Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory conditions. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(1): 150-154.
  • Negrisoli C. R. D. C. B., A. S. N. Júnior, D. Bernardi, & M. S. Garcia, 2013. Activity of eight strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) against five stored product pests. Experimental Parasitology, 134(3): 384-388.
  • Niewiada A., J. Nawrot, J. Szafranek, B. Szafranek, E. Synak, H. Jeleń, & E. Wąsowicz, 2005. Some factors affecting egg-laying of the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.). Journal of Stored Products Research, 41(5): 544-555.
  • Poinar G. O. & P. S. Grewal, 2012. History of entomopathogenic nematology. Journal of Nematology, 44 (2): 153 - 161.
  • Poinar G. O. Jr., 1979. Nematodes for biological control of insects, C.R.C. Press, p. 249-277, Boca Raton, FL.
  • Poinar G. O. 1975. Entomogenous nematodes: a manual and host list of insect-nematode associations. Brill Archive, p, 51-55.
  • Sarkar S., J. D. B. Gil, J. Keeley, & K. Jansen, 2021. The use of pesticides in developing countries and their impact on health and the right to food. European Union, p. 12-13.
  • Smart Jr. G. C., 1995. Entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of insects. Journal of Nematology, 27 (4S): 529.
  • Trdan S., M. Vidrih, & N. Valič, 2006. Activity of four entomopathogenic nematode species against young adults of Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113 (4): 168-173.
  • Ünlü İ. O. & N. Özer, 2003. Evaluation of the reproductive potential and competition between two entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). Turkish Journal of Biology, 27 (3): 149-155.
  • Wang Y. & R. Gaugler, 1998. Host and penetration site location by entomopathogenic nematodes against Japanese beetle larvae. The Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 72 (3): 313-318.
  • Yüksel E., R. Canhilal, & M. Imren, 2019. Potential of four Turkish isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against three major stored products insect pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 83: 317-321.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Nematoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Taylan Çakmak 0000-0003-4151-5724

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çakmak, T. (2025). Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 15(2), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.1540789
AMA Çakmak T. Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Türk. biyo. müc. derg. Ocak 2025;15(2):57-64. doi:10.31019/tbmd.1540789
Chicago Çakmak, Taylan. “Virulence of Two Strains of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Against Adults of Sitophilus Granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 15, sy. 2 (Ocak 2025): 57-64. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.1540789.
EndNote Çakmak T (01 Ocak 2025) Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 15 2 57–64.
IEEE T. Çakmak, “Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”, Türk. biyo. müc. derg, c. 15, sy. 2, ss. 57–64, 2025, doi: 10.31019/tbmd.1540789.
ISNAD Çakmak, Taylan. “Virulence of Two Strains of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Against Adults of Sitophilus Granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 15/2 (Ocak 2025), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.1540789.
JAMA Çakmak T. Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Türk. biyo. müc. derg. 2025;15:57–64.
MLA Çakmak, Taylan. “Virulence of Two Strains of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Against Adults of Sitophilus Granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)”. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, c. 15, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 57-64, doi:10.31019/tbmd.1540789.
Vancouver Çakmak T. Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Türk. biyo. müc. derg. 2025;15(2):57-64.