Objective: Surfactant therapy (ST) has significantly reduced mortality and respiratory morbidities among preterm
infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). However, majority of late preterm and term infants with respiratory
distress also suffer from non-RDS lung diseases. In some of these diseases, secondary surfactant deficiency may
develop and ST can be beneficial. In this study we evaluated the indications and early outcomes of ST in late preterm
and term infants.
Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 135 late preterm and term infants who
underwent ST between January 2009 and December 2012. The clinical characteristics of the patients, their diagnoses,
number of surfactant application and time of administration, FiO2 requirements before and after ST (1st and 6th
hours),duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality rate were evaluated.
Results: Among135 late preterm and term patients treated with ST, 78 (57.8%) were given ST due to lung disease other
than RDS and had longer mechanical ventilator duration. In addition, ≥ 2 doses of surfactant requirement, pulmonary
hypertension and mortality rate were found to be higher in these infants. Among patients with RDS, as expected, FiO2
requirement was found to decrease in the 1st and 6th hours after ST (0.60 to 0.50 & 0.37 and p <0.001). Sixteen
percent of newborns with congenital pneumonia required repeated surfactant doses. The FiO2 requirement after ST
was decreased in 42 patients with congenital pneumonia (0.67 to 0.65 & 0.48 and p <0.001). Sixteen patients with
severe meconium aspiration syndrome (median FiO2; 0.98) and 25 patients supporting with high frequency oscillatory
ventilation (HFOV) support did not benefit from ST (p = 0.71 and p = 0.964).
Conclusion: We observed that ST reduced oxygen requirement in the late preterm and term infants with RDS and
congenital pneumonia. However, we found that ST was not beneficial in the infants who applied HFOV due to severe
respiratory insufficiency. We think that prospective studies involving a larger number of patients are needed to determine
treatment options in these patient groups.
Amaç: Sürfaktan tedavisi (ST) respiratuvar distres sendromlu (RDS) pretermlerde mortalite ve solunumsal morbiditeleri
önemli oranda azaltmıştır. Bununla birlikte solunum sıkıntısı olan geç preterm ve term bebeklerin çoğunda RDS dışında
akciğer hastalıkları da mevcuttur. Bu hastalıkların bir kısmında sekonder sürfaktan eksikliği gelişmekte ve ST’nin yararı
olabilmektedir. Biz geç preterm ve term bebeklerde ST’nin endikasyonlarını ve erken dönem sonuçlarını değerlendirdik.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2009 - Aralık 2012 tarihleri arasında ST uygulanan 135 geç preterm ve term bebeğin
medikal kayıtları retrospektif değerlendirildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, tanıları, sürfaktan uygulama sayısı ve
uygulanma zamanı, ST öncesi ve sonrası (1. ve 6. saat) FiO2 gereksinimleri, mekanik ventilasyon süresi ve mortalite
oranları incelendi.
Bulgular: Sürfaktan tedavisi uygulanan 135 geç preterm ve term bebeğin 78’ine (%57.8) RDS dışı akciğer hastalıkları
nedeniyle ST verilmiş olup, bu hastaların mekanik ventilasyon süreleri daha uzun, ≥ 2 doz ST gereksinimi, pulmoner
hipertansiyon ve mortalite oranları daha yüksekti. RDS’li hastaların ST sonrası 1. ve 6. saatlerdeki FiO2 ihtiyacı beklendiği
şekilde azaldı (0.60’dan 0.50 & 0.3, p< 0.001). Konjenital pnömonili yenidoğanların %16’sının tekrarlayan sürfaktandozlarına ihtiyaç duyduğu görüldü. Konjenital pnömonisi olan 42 hastanın da ST sonrası FiO2 gereksinimi azaldı (sırasıyla 0.77’den 0.65
& 0.48 ve p<0.001). Mekonyum aspirasyon sendromlu (ortanca FiO2 0.98) 16 hasta ve yüksek frekanslı osilatuar ventilasyon (YFOV)
desteğine ihtiyaç duyan 25 hasta ise (hastaların 13’ü MAS) ST’den yarar görmedi (p=0.71 ve p=0.964).
Sonuç: Respiratuvar distres sendromlu ve konjenital pnömonili term ve geç preterm bebeklerde ST’nin oksijen gereksinimini azalttığı
sonucuna varıldı. Bununla birlikte, ciddi solunum yetmezliği nedeniyle YFOV gereksinimi olan bebeklerde ST’nin yararlı olmadığı saptandı.
Bu hasta gruplarında tedavi seçeneklerinin belirlenmesi için daha fazla hasta sayısını içeren prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünüldü.
Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Internal Diseases |
Journal Section | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
Authors | |
Publication Date | May 29, 2020 |
Submission Date | August 13, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 14 Issue: 3 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
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