Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Some Azo Dyes in Allium cepa Root Tip Cells

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 57 - 63, 30.12.2020

Mehmet Gümüş , Halil Erhan Eroğlu , Nisa Gümüş , Emre Yağcı

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.790808

Abstract

Azo dyes (AD-1, AD-2) were synthesized from the reaction diazonium salts of the aromatic amines salt with the enaminone derivative. The chemical structure of the synthesized novel azo dye (AD-2) was characterized by elemental analysis and other spectral techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR). Azo dyes are used frequently in the industry and pose a great danger especially for water resources. In this respect, azo dyes threaten many products indirectly in agricultural applications. In this study, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of potential azo dyes (AD-1, AD-2) that can be used in industrial applications were determined using Allium test system in five different concentrations (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 µM). As a result of the cytogenetic analyzes, it was determined that both azo dyes significantly reduced the number of divisions of A. cepa cells and caused chromosomal abnormalities in dividing cells. As a result, in this research, it is emphasized that the azo dyes (AD-1, AD-2), which are potentially used in the industry, cause genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in the living structures.

Keywords

Azo dye, Enaminone, Keto-hydrazo form, Allium test, Chromosome aberration, Mitotic index

Supporting Institution

Yozgat Bozok University

Project Number

6602c-ASYO/19-266.

Thanks

This work was supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Practice & Research Centre of Yozgat Bozok University (Project number: 6602c-ASYO/19-266).

Allium cepa Kök Ucu Hücrelerinde Bazı Azo Boyarmaddelerin Sitotoksik ve Genotoksik Etkileri

Abstract

Enaminon türevleriyle aromatik aminlerin diazonyum tuzlarının reaksiyonundan azo boyaları (AD-1, AD-2) sentezlendi. Sentezlenen yeni azo boyanın (AD-2) kimyasal yapısı, elementel analiz ve diğer spektral tekniklerle (FTIR, 1H NMR ve 13C NMR) karakterize edildi. Azo boyaları endüstride sıklıkla kullanılmakta ve özellikle su kaynakları için büyük tehlike oluşturmaktadır. Bu bakımdan azo boyalar tarımsal uygulamalarda birçok ürünü dolaylı olarak tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, endüstriyel uygulamalarda kullanılabilecek potansiyel azo boyaların (AD-1, AD-2) sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkileri, Allium test sistemi kullanılarak beş farklı konsantrasyonda (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 ve 100 µM) belirlendi. Sitogenetik analizler sonucunda, her iki azo boyanın da A. cepa hücrelerinin bölünme sayısını önemli ölçüde azalttığı ve bölünen hücrelerde kromozomal anormalliklere neden olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırmada, endüstride potansiyel olarak kullanılabilecek azo boyaların (AD-1, AD-2) canlı yapılarda genotoksik ve sitotoksik etkilere neden olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.

Keywords

Azo boya, Enaminon, Keto-hidrazo form, Allium test, Kromozomal anormallik, Mitotik indeks

Project Number

6602c-ASYO/19-266.

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