Gıdaların Raf Ömürleri İçin Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Arı Ürünleri İle Yenilebilir Kaplamalar

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 211 - 220, 30.12.2020

Esra Mesci Nevzat Esim

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.810214

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Arıcılık faaliyetleri sonucu üretilen ürünler hem insan beslenmesi hem de ekonomik olarak büyük önem taşır. Bu ürünler gıda, kimya, sağlık, kozmetik alanlarında geniş kullanıma sahiptir. Arıcılıkta üretimi en çok bilinen ve yapılan ürünler bal ve bal mumudur ancak polen, propolis, arı sütü, arı zehri ve arı ekmeği (perga) ticari değeri olan önemli arı ürünlerdir. Gıdaların raf ömrünü artırmak için gıda maddelerinin ambalajlanmasında kullanılan ve gıda maddesi ile birlikte tüketilebilen maddeler yenilebilir ambalajlar olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Yenilebilir ambalajlar, film, kaplama, tabaka ya da torba olarak üretilebilir. Yenilebilir kaplamada polisakkaritler, lipidler, proteinler, organik çözücüler, plastikleştiriciler, antioksidan ajanlar, antimikrobiyal ajanlar ve yüzey aktif maddeleri kullanılmaktadır. Yenilebilir kaplamalar, işlenmiş gıdalarda duyusal özelliklerin iyileştirilmek için renk ve aroma bileşiklerini taşıyıcısı olarak da kullanılabilir. Son yıllarda yenilebilir kaplamalarda etkili ve güvenilir kaplamalar yapmak için arı ürünleri de kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Mevcut kaplama materyalleri arı ürünleriyle birleştirilerek kaplamanın işlevsel özellikleri geliştirilebilir. Arı ürünleri içeriğindeki biyoaktif bileşenler kaplama materyalleri ile etkileşime girerek mevcut kaplamanın bariyer özelliklerini, esnekliğini, yapısal özelliklerini arttırmaktadır. Arı ürünleri antibakteriyel, antioksidan, antitümöral, antiviral vb. özellikleri nedeniyle taşıyıcı sistemler olarak kullanılabilir. Yenilebilir bir kaplama, gıda kalitesini korumak için umut verici sonuçlar veren modifiye atmosfer yöntemlerinden biridir. Yöntem, gaz değişimini önlemek için ürünün yüzeyinde kaplama tabakası olarak biyolojik veya kimyasal malzemeler kullanır ve böylece meyve gibi gıdaların olgunlaşma sürecini durdurur. Bu nedenle, bu makale, arı ürünlerinin yenilebilir bir kaplama olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeli ve literatürde arı ürünlerinin yenilebilir kaplama olarak kullanılan çalışmaları gözden geçirmeyi amaçlamıştır.

Keywords

Arı Ürünleri, Raf Ömrü, Gıda, Yenilebilir Kaplama, Propolis

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