Bazı Çiçek Balların Botanik Çeşitliliği, Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 95 - 100, 31.12.2021

İlginç Kizilpinar Temizer , Esra Deniz Candan , Aytaç Güder , Figen Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.888963

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Çalışma, Türkiye'de toplanan dört bal örneğinin botanik kökenini, antioksidan güç, antimikrobiyal aktivite ve fizikokimyasal özelliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla planlandı. Melissopalinolojik sonuçlar, Örnek 1 ve Örnek 2'nin polifloral, diğerlerinin ise unifloral olduğunu ortaya çıkardı. Toplam fenolik (116.47- 1711.13 mgGAE/100 g) ve flavonoid (1.46- 27.25 mgCAE/100 g) miktarları belirlendi. Ayrıca, antioksidan aktiviteler demir iyon şelatlama aktivitesi (FICA) (% 71.32-93.35), hidrojen peroksit giderme aktivitesi (HPSA) (SC50: 217.8-1238.39 µg/mL), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sülfonik asit) (ABTS) radikal giderme (SC50:20.15-27.14 µg/mL), 2, 2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) radikal giderme aktivitesi (SC50: 22.93-308.17 ug/mL) ve demir indirgeme gücü (FRAP) (% 71.03-99.54) ile değerlendirildi. Örneklerin karşılaştırılması için standart antioksidan bileşikler olarak butile hidroksi anizol (BHA), rutin (RUT) ve troloks (TRO) kullanıldı. Bu sonuçlara göre, örnekler ABTS analizi dışında TRO'dan daha verimli antioksidan aktivite göstermiştir. Ayrıca, Örnek 1 ve 4 daha yüksek FICA aktivitesine sahiptir ve Örnek 2 ve 3, standartlardan daha fazla FRAP aktivitesi göstermiştir. Bal örneklerinin Staphylococcus aureus ve Escherichia coli’ye karşı minimum inhibitör konsantrasyonları (MIC'ler) ve agar difüzyon deneyleri, bu numunelerin büyümelerini engellediğini gösterdi.

Keywords

Antimikrobiyal aktivite, Antioksidant aktivite, Apis mellifera, Bal, Fizikokimyasal analiz

Floral origin, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Floral Honey

Abstract

The study was planned to assess botanic origin, antioxidant power, antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties of four honey samples were collected in Turkey. The melissopalynologic results revealed that sample 1 and 2 are polyfloral, and others are unifloral. Total content of phenolic (116.47-1711.13 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids (1.46 - 27.25 mg CAE/100 g) were analysed, and the antioxidant activities measured by ferrous ion chelating activity (FICA) (71.32-93.35%), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA) (SC50: 217.8-1238.39 µg/mL), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging (SC50: 20.15-27.14 µg/mL), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (SC50: 22.93-308.17 µg/mL) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (71.03-99.54 %) differed notably. For comparison of the samples, butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), rutin (RUT) and trolox (TRO) were used as standard antioxidant compounds. According to these results, samples showed more efficient antioxidant activity than TRO except for ABTS assay. Also, Sample 1 and 4 have higher FICA activity and Sample 2 and 3 demonstrated more FRAP activity than standards. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and agar diffusion assays of honey samples against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that these samples was the most effective in inhibition of their growth.

Keywords

Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant activity, Apis mellifera, Honey, Physicochemical analysis

References

• [1] Öztürk MZ, Çetİnkaya G, Aydin S. Climate Types of Turkey According to Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification. Journal of Geography. 2017;35:17-27.
• [2] Palmer M, Smith D, Kaftanoglu O. Brief communication. Turkish honeybees: genetic variation and evidence for a fourth lineage of Apis mellifera mtDNA. Journal of Heredity. 2000;91(1):42-6.
• [3] Davis PH. Flora of Turkey. Flora of Turkey. 1965.
• [4] Kılıç Altun S, Dinç H, Paksoy N, Temamoğulları FK, Savrunlu M. Analyses of Mineral Content and Heavy Metal of Honey Samples from South and East Region of Turkey by Using ICP-MS. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 2017;2017:6391454.
• [5] Israili ZH. Antimicrobial properties of honey. American journal of therapeutics. 2014;21(4):304-23.
• [6] Bueno-Costa FM, Zambiazi RC, Bohmer BW, Chaves FC, da Silva WP, Zanusso JT, et al. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of honeys from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 2016;65:333-40.
• [7] Taormina PJ, Niemira BA, Beuchat LR. Inhibitory activity of honey against foodborne pathogens as influenced by the presence of hydrogen peroxide and level of antioxidant power. International journal of food microbiology. 2001;69(3):217-25.
• [8] Lusby PE, Coombes AL, Wilkinson JM. Bactericidal activity of different honeys against pathogenic bacteria. Archives of medical research. 2005;36(5):464-7. [9] Louveaux J, Maurizio A, Vorwohl G. Methods of melissopalynology. Bee world. 1978;59(4):139-57.
• [10] Pound M, Dalgleish A, McCoy J, Partington J. Melissopalynology of honey from Ponteland, UK, shows the role of Brassica napus in supporting honey production in a suburban to rural setting. Palynology. 2018;42(3):400-5.
• [11] AOAC. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. Official methods of analysis (15th ed.): Arlington, VA; 1990.
• [12] Chung Y-C, Chang C-T, Chao W-W, Lin C-F, Chou S-T. Antioxidative activity and safety of the 50 ethanolic extract from red bean fermented by Bacillus subtilis IMR-NK1. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2002;50(8):2454-8.
• [13] Slinkard K, Singleton VL. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. American journal of enology and viticulture. 1977;28(1):49-55.
• [14] Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 1958;181(4617):1199-200.
• [15] Ruch RJ, Cheng S-j, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis. 1989;10(6):1003-8.
• [16] Dinis TC, Madeira VM, Almeida LM. Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics. 1994;315(1):161-9.
• [17] Gökce H, Alpaslan YB, Zeyrek CT, Ağar E, Güder A, Özdemir N, et al. Structural, spectroscopic, radical scavenging activity, molecular docking and DFT studies of a synthesized Schiff base compound. Journal of Molecular Structure. 2019;1179:205-15.
• [18] Oyaizu M. Studies on products of browning reaction antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. The Japanese journal of nutrition and dietetics. 1986;44(6):307-15.
• [19] Rios J, Recio M, Villar A. Screening methods for natural products with antimicrobial activity: a review of the literature. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 1988;23(2-3):127-49.
• [20] Wiegand I, Hilpert K, Hancock RE. Agar and broth dilution methods to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial substances. Nature protocols. 2008;3(2):163.
• [21] Karabagias IK, Maia M, Karabagias VK, Gatzias I, Badeka AV. Quality and origin characterisation of Portuguese, Greek, Oceanian, and Asian honey, based on poly-parametric analysis hand in hand with dimension reduction and classification techniques. European Food Research and Technology. 2020;246(5):987-1006.
• [22] Temizer IK, Güder A, Temel FA, Cüce H. Antioxidant activities and heavy metal contents of Castanea sativa honey. Global NEST Journal. 2018;20(3):541-50.
• [23] Albu A, Simona-Maria C-M, Pop IM. Physicochemical parameters and spectral structure (ft-ir) of honey from iasi county (North-Eastern Romania). Scientific Papers: Series D, Animal Science-The International Session of Scientific Communications of the Faculty of Animal Science. 2019;62(2).
• [24] Chirife J, Zamora MC, Motto A. The correlation between water activity and% moisture in honey: Fundamental aspects and application to Argentine honeys. Journal of Food Engineering. 2006;72(3):287-92.
• [25] Rababah TM, Al-Omoush M, Brewer S, Alhamad M, Yang WD, Alrababah M, et al. Total Phenol, Antioxidant Activity, Flavonoids, Anthocyanins and Color of Honey as Affected by Floral Origin Found in the Arid and Semiarid Mediterranean Areas. J Food Process Pres. 2014;38(3):1119-28.
• [26] Gül A, Pehlivan T. Antioxidant activities of some monofloral honey types produced across Turkey. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2018;25(6):1056-65.
• [27] Galhardo D, Garcia RC, Schneider CR, Braga GC, Chambó ED, França DLBD, et al. Physicochemical, bioactive properties and antioxidant of Apis mellifera L. honey from western Paraná, Southern Brazil. Food Science and Technology. 2020.
• [28] Temizer İK, Güder A, Türkmen Z. Assessment of Palynological Characterization and Total Phenol-Flavonoid Content of Some Honeys from Ordu in Turkey. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2019;12(3):1275-82.
• [29] Bayram NE, Kara HH, Can AM, Bozkurt F, Akman PK, Vardar SU, et al. Characterization of physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Bayburt honey from the North-east part of Turkey. Journal of Apicultural Research. 2020:1-11.
• [30] Ibrahimi H, Hajdari A. Phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of honey from Kosovo. Journal of Apicultural Research. 2020;59(4):452-7.
• [31] Brodowska KM. Natural flavonoids: classification, potential role, and application of flavonoid analogues. European Journal of Biological Research. 2017;7(2):108-23.
• [32] Terahara N. Flavonoids in foods: a review. Natural product communications. 2015;10(3):1934578X1501000334.
• [33] Kıvrak Ş, Kıvrak İ. Assessment of phenolic profile of Turkish honeys. International Journal of Food Properties. 2017;20(4):864-76.
• [34] Alzahrani HA, Boukraa L, Bellik Y, Abdellah F, Bakhotmah BA, Kolayli S, et al. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of three varieties of honey from different botanical and geographical origins. Glob J Health Sci. 2012;4(6):191-6.
• [35] Molan P, Cooper R. Honey and sugar as a dressing for wounds and ulcers. Tropical Doctor. 2000;30(4):249-50.