The Impact of Agricultural Productivity on Economic Growth and Urbanization: The Example of BRICS-T Countries

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 12, 30.06.2024

Fatma Fehime Aydın , Özlem Eştürk , Cemalettin Levent

https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1373430

Abstract

Agriculture is the basis of economic growth and development. The main factor that eliminates poverty and increases welfare in developing and underdeveloped countries is the development of the agricultural sector and the spread of this development to other sectors. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of agricultural productivity on economic growth and urbanization in BRICS-T countries by using a panel data analysis method based on the data set for the period 1992-2022. According to the panel causality (Dumitrescu & Hurlin) test applied in the study, there is no causality relationship between agricultural productivity and economic growth or urbanization. According to the results of the Least Squares method, agricultural productivity has a statistically significant positive effect on both economic growth and urbanization. This finding obtained in this study is in line with the expectations. As a matter of fact, the agricultural sector develops as a result of agricultural productivity, the agricultural sector is replaced by the industrial and service sectors over time as it develops, the population spreads from rural areas to urban areas and economic growth is realized.

Keywords

Agricultural productivity, Urbanization, Growth, Panel data analysis

Tarımsal Verimliliğin Ekonomik Büyüme ve Kentleşme Üzerindeki Etkisi: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği

Abstract

Tarım ekonomik büyümenin ve kalkınmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ve geri kalmış ülkelerde yoksulluğu ortadan kaldıran ve refahı artıran temel unsur tarım sektöründeki gelişme ve bu gelişmenin diğer sektörlere sıçramasıdır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın temel amacı; tarımsal verimliliğin ekonomik büyüme ve kentleşme üzerindeki etkisini BRICS-T ülkelerinde 1992-2022 dönemine ait veri setinden hareketle panel veri analiz yöntemiyle araştırmaktır. Çalışmada uygulanan panel nedensellik (Dumitrescu & Hurlin) testine göre; tarımsal verimlilik ile ekonomik büyüme veya kentleşme arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisi olmadığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada uygulanan En Küçük Kareler yöntemi analiz bulgularına göre, tarımsal verimliliğin hem ekonomik büyüme hem de kentleşme üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı pozitif yönde bir etkisinin olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bu bulgu beklentilere uygundur. Nitekim tarımsal verimlilik sonucu tarım sektörü gelişmekte, tarım sektörü geliştikçe zamanla yerini sanayi ve hizmet sektörüne bırakmakta, nüfus kırsal kesimden kentlere doğru yayılmakta ve ekonomik büyüme gerçekleşmektedir.

Keywords

Tarımsal verimlilik, Kentleşme, Büyüme, Panel veri analizi

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