Metaheuristics-based Pre-Design Guide for Cantilever Retaining Walls

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 10967 - 10993, 01.07.2021

Esra Uray , Özcan Tan Serdar Çarbaş , İbrahim Hakkı Erkan

https://doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.561956

Cited By: 9

Abstract

A pre-design guide for cantilever retaining walls and a detail parametric study of such walls is presented here. Mathematical models based on statistical methods were improved for calculating safety factors of sliding, overturning, and slope stability of those walls. The harmony search algorithm (HSA)-a metaheuristic optimization method-was employed to realize reasonable results of the pre-design guide from all distinct cases. Through the design algorithm, the optimal design was determined for varied soil types differently from suggestions of design codes. Thus, an optimal pre-design guide for safe and economic wall design was realized in a shorter time compared to the conventional method.

Keywords

cantilever retaining wall, mathematical model, pre-design guide, external stability of wall

Supporting Institution

Selçuk Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Koordinatörlüğü (BAP)

Project Number

17401107

Thanks

In this study, results of a part of continuing PhD thesis has been submitted and also it is supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Units of Selcuk University Research Funding (BAP- 17401107) which are gratefully acknowledge.

References

• Coduto, D., Geotechnical Engineering: Principles and PracticesPrentice-Hall, New Jersey, pp. 528–552. 1999.
• Turkish Standards Institute, Soil Retaining Structures; Properties and Guidelines for Design (TS 7994), Turkish Standard, 1990.
• American Concrete Institute, ACI Committee, and International Organization for Standardization, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14), 2014.
• McCormac, J. C., Brown, R. H., Design of Reinforced Concrete, John Wiley and Sons, 2015.
• Minnesota Department of Transportation Bridge Office, LRFD Bridge Design Manual, 5-392, 11-52, 2016.
• Geem, Z. W., Kim, J. H., Loganathan, G.V., A New Heuristic Optimization Algorithm: Harmony Search, Simulation, 76, 2, 60-68, 2001.
• Saka, M., Çarbaş, S., Optimum Design of Single Layer Network Domes Using Harmony Search Method, Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (Building and Housing), 10, 1, 97-112, 2009.
• Geem, Z. W., Optimal Cost Design of Water Distribution Networks Using Harmony Search, Engineering Optimization, 38, 3, 259-277, 2006.
• Geem, Z. W., Lee, K. S., Park, Y., Application of Harmony Search to Vehicle Routing, American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2, 12, 1552-1557, 2005.
• Cheng, Y. M., Li, L., Fang, S. S., Improved Harmony Search Methods to Replace Variational Principle in Geotechnical Problems, Journal of Mechanics, 27, 1, 107-119, 2011.
• Fattahi, H., Prediction of Slope Stability State for Circular Failure: A Hybrid Support Vector Machine with Harmony Search Algorithm, International Journal of Optimization in Civil Engineering, 5, 1, 103-115, 2015.
• Khajehzadeh, M.; Taha, M.R.; El-Shafie, A., Eslami, M., Economic Design of Foundation Using Harmony Search Algorithm, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5, 6, 936-943, 2011.
• Akın, A., Saka, M. P., Optimum Design of Concrete Cantilever Retaining Walls Using the Harmony Search Algorithm, Proceeding of 9th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering Civil-Comp Press, 27-30, 2010.
• Uray, E., Çarbaş, S., Erkan, İ.H., Tan, Ö., Optimum Design of Concrete Cantilever Retaining Walls with the Harmony Search Algorithm, 6th Geotechnical Symposium, Turkey, 2015.
• Yepes, V., Alcala, J., Perea, C., González-Vidosa, F., A Parametric Study of Optimum Earth-Retaining Walls by Simulated Annealing, Engineering Structures, 30, 3, 821–830, 2008.
• Molina-Moreno, F., García-Segura, T., Martí, J. V., Yepes, V., Optimization of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Walls Using Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithms, Engineering Structures, 134, 205-216, 2017.
• Rhomberg, E. J., Street, W. M., Optimal Design of Retaining Walls, Journal of the Structural Division, 107, 5, 992-1002, 1981.
• Keskar, A. V., Adidam, S. R., Minimum Cost Design of a Cantilever Retaining Wall, Indian Concrete Journal, 63, 8, 401-405, 1989.
• Saribas, A., Erbatur, F., Optimization and Sensitivity of Retaining Structures, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 122, 8, 649-656, 1996.
• GEO5, Geotechnical Design Computer Program, Fine Software, https://www.finesoftware.eu.
• Uray, E., Çarbaş, S., Erkan, İ. H., Tan, Ö., Parametric Investigation for Discrete Optimal Design of a Cantilever Retaining Wall, Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics, 5, 3, 108-120, 2019.
• Bishop, A. W., The Use of the Slip Circle in the Stability Analysis of Slopes, Geotechnique, 5, 1, 7-17, 1955.
• Taguchi, G., Elsayed, E. A., Hsiang, T. C., Quality Engineering in Production Systems, McGraw-Hill, New York. 173, 1989.
• Tan, Ö., Investigation of Soil Parameters Affecting the Stability of Homogeneous Slopes Using the Taguchi Method. Eurasian Soil Science, 39, 11, 1248-1254, 2006.
• Statistica, Statistical Analyses Computer Program, TIBCO Software Inc., https://www.tibco.com/products/tibco-statistica.
• Çarbaş, S., Saka, M. P, Optimum Topology Design of Various Geometrically Nonlinear Latticed Domes Using Improved Harmony Search Method, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 45, 3, 377-399, 2012.
• Lee, K. S., Geem, Z. W., A New Structural Optimization Method Based on the Harmony Search Algorithm, Computers and Structures, 82, 9, 781-798, 2004.
• Matlab R2017b, a programing language, MathWorks.
• Fishburn, P.C., Additive Utilities with Incomplete Product Set: Applications to Priorities and Assignments. ORSA Publication, Baltimore, 1967.
• Triantaphyllou, E., Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods. In Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods: A Comparative Study. Springer, Boston, MA, 5-21, 2000.
• Terzaghi, K., Theoretical Soil Mechanics, 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1947.