Preparation and Performance Testing of SBS Modified Bitumens Reinforced with Halloysite and Sepiolite Nanoclays
Year 2022,
Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 11661 - 11680, 01.03.2022
Dilay Uncu
,
Ali Topal
,
Özgür Seydibeyoğlu
Abstract
In this study, halloysite and sepiolite nanoclays were used to reinforce SBS modified bitumens. The nanoclays used are different from the materials in the literature and have properties such as easy to find, economical and available from local sources. The mixing parameters were determined before production process. The polymer additive SBS was added into base bitumen at 3% and 5%, the nanoclay additives were added into polymer modified bitumen at 2% and 4% ratios. The morphological structures were investigated under fluorescence microscope. Physical and rheological properties of the samples were compared. The phase separation cases were investigated by storage stability test. Furthermore, rutting performance of samples was measured with zero shear viscosity (ZSV) and multi stress creep recovery (MSCR) test methods.
Supporting Institution
Manisa Celal Bayar University
Thanks
We would like to acknowledge the financial support from the Scientific Research Project Office of Manisa Celal Bayar University.
References
- Polacco, G., Stastna, J., Biondi, D., Zanzotto, L., Relation between polymer architecture and nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of modified asphalts, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 11(4), 230-245, 2006.
- Polacco G., Kříž, P., Filippi, S., Stastna, J., Biondi, D., Zanzotto, L., Rheological properties of asphalt/SBS/clay blends, European Polymer Journal, 44(11), 3512-3521, 2008.
- Ahmedzade, P., Fainleib, A., Günay, T., Grigoryeva, O., Geri Dönüştürülmüş Atık Polipropilenin Bitümlü Bağlayıcılarda Kullanılması, Teknik Dergi, 456, 7497-7513, 2016.
- Aglan, H., Othman, A., Figueroa, L., Rollings, R., Effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer on fatigue crack propagation behavior of asphalt concrete mixtures, Transportation Research Record, 1417, 178-86, 1993.
- Kumar P., Chandra S., Bose S., Strength characteristics of polymer modified mixes, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 7(1), 63-71, 2006.
- Tayfur, S., Ozen, H., Aksoy, A., Investigation of rutting performance of asphalt mixtures containing polymer modifiers, Construction and Building Materials, 21(2), 328-37, 2007.
- Bulatović, V. O., Rek, V., Marković, K. J., Effect of polymer modifiers on the properties of bitumen, Journal of Elastomers & Plastics, 46(5), 448-469, 2014.
- Alatas, T., Yilmaz, M., Kuloglu, N., Cakiroglu, M., Geckil, T., Investigation of Shear Complex Modulus and Phase Angle Values of Short and Long-term Aged Polymer Modified Bitumens at Different Frequencies, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(7), 2093-2099, 2014.
- Galooyak, S. S., Dabir, B., Nazarbeygi, A. E., Moeini, A., Rheological properties and storage stability of bitumen/SBS/montmorillonite composites, Construction and Building Materials, 24(3), 300-307, 2010.
- Golestani, B., Nejad, F. M., Galooyak, S. S., Performance evaluation of linear and nonlinear nanocomposite modified asphalts, Construction and Building Materials, 35, 197-203, 2012.
- Topal. A., Sureshkumar, M. S., Sengoz, B., Polacco, G., Rheology and microstructure of polymer-modified asphalt nanocomposites, International Journal of Materials Research, 103(10), 1271-1276, 2012.
- Yao, H., You, Z., Li, L. Goh, S. W., Lee, C. H., Yap, Y. K., Rheological properties and chemical analysis of nanoclay and carbon microfiber modified asphalt with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Construction and Building Materials, 38, 327-337, 2013.
Jasso, M., Bakos, D., MacLeod, D., Zanzotto, L., Preparation and properties of conventional asphalt modified by physical mixtures of linear SBS and montmorillonite clay, Construction and Building Materials, 38, 759-765, 2013.
- Sureshkumar, M. S., Filippi, S., Polacco, G., Kazatchkov, I., Stastna, J., Zanzotto, L., Internal structure and linear viscoelastic properties of EVA/asphalt nanocomposites, European Polymer Journal, 46, 621-633, 2010.
- Jasso, M., Bakos, D., Stastna, J., Zanzotto, L., Conventional asphalt modified by physical mixtures of linear SBS and montmorillonite, Applied Clay Science, 70, 37-44, 2012.
- Merusi, F., Giuliani, F., Polacco, G., Linear viscoelastic behaviour of asphalt binders modified with polymer/clay nanocomposites, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53, 335-345, 2012.
- Liu, G., Wu, S., Van de Ven, M., Yu, J., Molenaar, A., Structure and artificial ageing behavior of organo montmorillonite bitumen nanocomposites, Applied Clay Science, 72, 49-54, 2013.
- Yao, H., You, Z., Li, L., Shi, X., Goh, S.W., Mills-Beale, J., Wingard, D., Performance of asphalt binder blended with non-modified and polymer-modified nanoclay, Construction and Building Materials, 35, 159-170, 2012.
- You, Z., Mills-Beale, J., Foley, J. M., Roy, S., Odegard, G. M., Dai, Q., Goh, S. W., Nanoclay-modified asphalt materials: Preparation and characterization, Construction and Building Materials, 25 (2), 1072-1078, 2011.
- Galooyak, S. S., Dabir, B., Nazarbeygi, A. E., Moeini, A., Berahman, B., The effect of nanoclay on rheological properties and storage stability of SBS modified bitumen, Petroleum Science and Technology, 29(8), pp. 850-859, 2011.
- ASTM D5-06., Standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2006.
- ASTM D36-06., Test method for softening point of bitumen (ring-and-ball apparatus), West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2006.
- ASTM D4402-06., Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2002.
- ASTM D2872-12., Standard test method for effect of heat and air on a moving film of asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test), West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2012.
- Kraton® D1101 A Polymer., Data document, 2012.
- Şengöz, B., Topal, A., G. Işıkyakar, Morphology and image analysis of polymer modified bitumens, Construction and Building Materials, 23, 1986-1992, 2009.
- Topal, A., Sureshkumar, M. S., Şengöz, B., Polacco, G., Rheology and microstructure of polymer-modified asphalt nanocomposites, International Journal of Materials Research, 103, 1271-1276, 2012.
- EN 13399., Bitumen and bituminous binders-Determination of storage stability of modified bitumen, Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000. Brussels: European Committee for Standardization, Management Centre, 2010.
- Chen, J., Liao, M., Shiah, M., Asphalt modified by SBS triblock copolymer morphology and model, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 14(3), 224-229, 2002.
- Airey, G. D., Rheological evaluation of EVA polymer modified bitumen, Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 16(8), pp. 473-487, 2002.
- Asphalt Institute., Superpave performance graded asphalt binder specification and testing, Third Edition, Asphalt Institute, Lexington, United States, 2003.
- De Visscher, J., Soenen, H., Vanelstraete, A., Redelius, P. A., Comparison of the zero shear viscosity from oscillation tests and the repeated creep test, 3rd Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Vienna, Austria, 2004.
- Gungor, A. G., Saglik, A., Evaluation of rutting performance of neat and modified binders using zero shear viscosity, 5th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, 2012.
- CEN TS 15325., Bitumen and bituminous binders: Determination of zero shear viscosity (ZSV) using a shear stress rheometer in creep mode, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, 2008.
- Laukkanen, O., Pellinen, T., Makowska, M., Exploring the observed rheological behavior of in-situ aged and fresh bitumen employing the colloidal model proposed for bitumen, Multi-Scale Modeling and Characterization of Infrastructure Materials, 8, 185-197, 2013.
- Saboo N., Kumar P., A study on creep and recovery behavior of asphalt binders, Construction and Building Materials, 96, pp. 632-640, 2015.
- ASTM D7405-08., Standard test method for multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2008.
- Yılmaz, M., Ahmedzade, P., Investigation of pure and SBS modified bituminous binder properties after short term ageing by using two different ageing methods, Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 23(3), 569-575, 2008.
- Ouyang, C., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Thermo-rheological properties and storage stability of SEBS/kaolinite clay compound modified asphalts, European Polymer Journal, 42, 446-457, 2006.
- Baochang, Z., Man, X., Dewen, Z., Huixuan, Z., Baoyan, Z., The effect of styrene-butadiene-rubber/montmorillonite modification on the characteristics and properties of asphalt, Construction and Building Materials, 23, 3112-3117, 2009.
- Yılmaz, M., Kök, B. V., Kuloğlu, N., Alataş, T., Experimental investigation of the storage stability and rheological properties of elastomeric polymer modified bituminous binders, DEÜ Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 15(1), 67-77, 2013.
- Whiteoak D., Read J. M., The shell bitumen handbook, Fifth Edition, Thomas Telford Publishing, London, UK, 2003.
- Oner, J., Sengoz, B., Investigation of rheological effects of waxes on different bitumen sources, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 18(6), 1269-1287, 2017.
- Sengoz, B., Bagayogo, L., Oner, J., Topal, A., Investigation of rheological properties of transparent bitumen, Construction and Building Materials, 154, 1105-1111, 2017.
- Horan, B., Engineer, R.: Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) Task Force, Asphalt Institute – Virginia Office, SEAUPG Annual Meeting, Savannah GA, 2011.
- Oner, J., Rheological characteristics of bitumens prepared with process oil, Gradevinar, 71(7), 559-569, 2019.
Preparation and Performance Testing of SBS Modified Bitumens Reinforced with Halloysite and Sepiolite Nanoclays
Year 2022,
Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 11661 - 11680, 01.03.2022
Dilay Uncu
,
Ali Topal
,
Özgür Seydibeyoğlu
Abstract
In this study, halloysite and sepiolite nanoclays were used to reinforce SBS modified bitumens. The nanoclays used are different from the materials in the literature and have properties such as easy to find, economical and available from local sources. The mixing parameters were determined before production process. The polymer additive SBS was added into base bitumen at 3% and 5%, the nanoclay additives were added into polymer modified bitumen at 2% and 4% ratios. The morphological structures were investigated under fluorescence microscope. Physical and rheological properties of the samples were compared. The phase separation cases were investigated by storage stability test. Furthermore, rutting performance of samples was measured with zero shear viscosity (ZSV) and multi stress creep recovery (MSCR) test methods.
References
- Polacco, G., Stastna, J., Biondi, D., Zanzotto, L., Relation between polymer architecture and nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of modified asphalts, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 11(4), 230-245, 2006.
- Polacco G., Kříž, P., Filippi, S., Stastna, J., Biondi, D., Zanzotto, L., Rheological properties of asphalt/SBS/clay blends, European Polymer Journal, 44(11), 3512-3521, 2008.
- Ahmedzade, P., Fainleib, A., Günay, T., Grigoryeva, O., Geri Dönüştürülmüş Atık Polipropilenin Bitümlü Bağlayıcılarda Kullanılması, Teknik Dergi, 456, 7497-7513, 2016.
- Aglan, H., Othman, A., Figueroa, L., Rollings, R., Effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer on fatigue crack propagation behavior of asphalt concrete mixtures, Transportation Research Record, 1417, 178-86, 1993.
- Kumar P., Chandra S., Bose S., Strength characteristics of polymer modified mixes, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 7(1), 63-71, 2006.
- Tayfur, S., Ozen, H., Aksoy, A., Investigation of rutting performance of asphalt mixtures containing polymer modifiers, Construction and Building Materials, 21(2), 328-37, 2007.
- Bulatović, V. O., Rek, V., Marković, K. J., Effect of polymer modifiers on the properties of bitumen, Journal of Elastomers & Plastics, 46(5), 448-469, 2014.
- Alatas, T., Yilmaz, M., Kuloglu, N., Cakiroglu, M., Geckil, T., Investigation of Shear Complex Modulus and Phase Angle Values of Short and Long-term Aged Polymer Modified Bitumens at Different Frequencies, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(7), 2093-2099, 2014.
- Galooyak, S. S., Dabir, B., Nazarbeygi, A. E., Moeini, A., Rheological properties and storage stability of bitumen/SBS/montmorillonite composites, Construction and Building Materials, 24(3), 300-307, 2010.
- Golestani, B., Nejad, F. M., Galooyak, S. S., Performance evaluation of linear and nonlinear nanocomposite modified asphalts, Construction and Building Materials, 35, 197-203, 2012.
- Topal. A., Sureshkumar, M. S., Sengoz, B., Polacco, G., Rheology and microstructure of polymer-modified asphalt nanocomposites, International Journal of Materials Research, 103(10), 1271-1276, 2012.
- Yao, H., You, Z., Li, L. Goh, S. W., Lee, C. H., Yap, Y. K., Rheological properties and chemical analysis of nanoclay and carbon microfiber modified asphalt with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Construction and Building Materials, 38, 327-337, 2013.
Jasso, M., Bakos, D., MacLeod, D., Zanzotto, L., Preparation and properties of conventional asphalt modified by physical mixtures of linear SBS and montmorillonite clay, Construction and Building Materials, 38, 759-765, 2013.
- Sureshkumar, M. S., Filippi, S., Polacco, G., Kazatchkov, I., Stastna, J., Zanzotto, L., Internal structure and linear viscoelastic properties of EVA/asphalt nanocomposites, European Polymer Journal, 46, 621-633, 2010.
- Jasso, M., Bakos, D., Stastna, J., Zanzotto, L., Conventional asphalt modified by physical mixtures of linear SBS and montmorillonite, Applied Clay Science, 70, 37-44, 2012.
- Merusi, F., Giuliani, F., Polacco, G., Linear viscoelastic behaviour of asphalt binders modified with polymer/clay nanocomposites, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 53, 335-345, 2012.
- Liu, G., Wu, S., Van de Ven, M., Yu, J., Molenaar, A., Structure and artificial ageing behavior of organo montmorillonite bitumen nanocomposites, Applied Clay Science, 72, 49-54, 2013.
- Yao, H., You, Z., Li, L., Shi, X., Goh, S.W., Mills-Beale, J., Wingard, D., Performance of asphalt binder blended with non-modified and polymer-modified nanoclay, Construction and Building Materials, 35, 159-170, 2012.
- You, Z., Mills-Beale, J., Foley, J. M., Roy, S., Odegard, G. M., Dai, Q., Goh, S. W., Nanoclay-modified asphalt materials: Preparation and characterization, Construction and Building Materials, 25 (2), 1072-1078, 2011.
- Galooyak, S. S., Dabir, B., Nazarbeygi, A. E., Moeini, A., Berahman, B., The effect of nanoclay on rheological properties and storage stability of SBS modified bitumen, Petroleum Science and Technology, 29(8), pp. 850-859, 2011.
- ASTM D5-06., Standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2006.
- ASTM D36-06., Test method for softening point of bitumen (ring-and-ball apparatus), West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2006.
- ASTM D4402-06., Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2002.
- ASTM D2872-12., Standard test method for effect of heat and air on a moving film of asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test), West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2012.
- Kraton® D1101 A Polymer., Data document, 2012.
- Şengöz, B., Topal, A., G. Işıkyakar, Morphology and image analysis of polymer modified bitumens, Construction and Building Materials, 23, 1986-1992, 2009.
- Topal, A., Sureshkumar, M. S., Şengöz, B., Polacco, G., Rheology and microstructure of polymer-modified asphalt nanocomposites, International Journal of Materials Research, 103, 1271-1276, 2012.
- EN 13399., Bitumen and bituminous binders-Determination of storage stability of modified bitumen, Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000. Brussels: European Committee for Standardization, Management Centre, 2010.
- Chen, J., Liao, M., Shiah, M., Asphalt modified by SBS triblock copolymer morphology and model, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 14(3), 224-229, 2002.
- Airey, G. D., Rheological evaluation of EVA polymer modified bitumen, Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 16(8), pp. 473-487, 2002.
- Asphalt Institute., Superpave performance graded asphalt binder specification and testing, Third Edition, Asphalt Institute, Lexington, United States, 2003.
- De Visscher, J., Soenen, H., Vanelstraete, A., Redelius, P. A., Comparison of the zero shear viscosity from oscillation tests and the repeated creep test, 3rd Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Vienna, Austria, 2004.
- Gungor, A. G., Saglik, A., Evaluation of rutting performance of neat and modified binders using zero shear viscosity, 5th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, 2012.
- CEN TS 15325., Bitumen and bituminous binders: Determination of zero shear viscosity (ZSV) using a shear stress rheometer in creep mode, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, 2008.
- Laukkanen, O., Pellinen, T., Makowska, M., Exploring the observed rheological behavior of in-situ aged and fresh bitumen employing the colloidal model proposed for bitumen, Multi-Scale Modeling and Characterization of Infrastructure Materials, 8, 185-197, 2013.
- Saboo N., Kumar P., A study on creep and recovery behavior of asphalt binders, Construction and Building Materials, 96, pp. 632-640, 2015.
- ASTM D7405-08., Standard test method for multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer, West Conshohocken (PA), USA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2008.
- Yılmaz, M., Ahmedzade, P., Investigation of pure and SBS modified bituminous binder properties after short term ageing by using two different ageing methods, Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 23(3), 569-575, 2008.
- Ouyang, C., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Thermo-rheological properties and storage stability of SEBS/kaolinite clay compound modified asphalts, European Polymer Journal, 42, 446-457, 2006.
- Baochang, Z., Man, X., Dewen, Z., Huixuan, Z., Baoyan, Z., The effect of styrene-butadiene-rubber/montmorillonite modification on the characteristics and properties of asphalt, Construction and Building Materials, 23, 3112-3117, 2009.
- Yılmaz, M., Kök, B. V., Kuloğlu, N., Alataş, T., Experimental investigation of the storage stability and rheological properties of elastomeric polymer modified bituminous binders, DEÜ Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 15(1), 67-77, 2013.
- Whiteoak D., Read J. M., The shell bitumen handbook, Fifth Edition, Thomas Telford Publishing, London, UK, 2003.
- Oner, J., Sengoz, B., Investigation of rheological effects of waxes on different bitumen sources, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 18(6), 1269-1287, 2017.
- Sengoz, B., Bagayogo, L., Oner, J., Topal, A., Investigation of rheological properties of transparent bitumen, Construction and Building Materials, 154, 1105-1111, 2017.
- Horan, B., Engineer, R.: Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) Task Force, Asphalt Institute – Virginia Office, SEAUPG Annual Meeting, Savannah GA, 2011.
- Oner, J., Rheological characteristics of bitumens prepared with process oil, Gradevinar, 71(7), 559-569, 2019.