TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİNDE PİGMENTLERİN KULLANIMI VE İNSAN SAĞLIĞINA ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 20 Issue: 39, 146 - 161, 28.06.2021

Aslıhan Koruyucu

Abstract

Pigmentler; organik ve inorganik olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Organik ve inorganik pigmentler arasında; parlaklık, kimyasal stabilite, renk, maliyet, dağılım, ışık emme, boyut ve yüzey alanında farklar bulunmaktadır. Pigmentler tekstil endüstrisinde; dolgu maddesi, materyallerin renklendirilmesinde, farklı fonksiyonel özelliklerin (güç tutuşur, antibakteriyel, antimikrobiyal, su itici, UV ışınım koruma özellikleri, optik özellikleri, ses ve ısı yalıtım özelliklerinin) geliştirilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle kaplama malzemesinde; ağır metaller içeren inorganik pigmentler kullanılmamalıdır. Çünkü bu pigmentler, insan sağlığına zararlı olarak bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmada pigmentler hakkında genel bilgi verilip, tekstil materyallerinin renklendirilmesi (boyama, baskı ve kaplama yöntemleri ile) işlemi ile elde edilen farklı fonksiyonel özellikler üzerine yapılmış bazı çalışmalar anlatılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra; pigmentlerin vücuttaki etkileri de kısaca özetlenmiştir.

Keywords

inorganik pigmentler, tekstil, insan sağlığı, organik pigmentler

THE USAGE OF PIGMENTS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

Abstract

Pigments are divided into organic and inorganic ones. There are differences between them in brightness, chemical stability, color, cost, distribution properties, light absorption, dimension and surface area. Pigments are used as filling besides in coloration of materials, in the improvement of new materials with different functional properties (such as, flammable proof, antibacterial, antimicrobial, water-repellent, UV radiation saving features, optical properties, thermo and acoustic insulation properties). Especially, inorganic pigments which contain heavy metals should not be used as coating materials. Because these pigments are known to be harmful to human health. In this research general knowledge about pigments were given then studies about their usage in textile material colouration (dyeing, printing and coating techniques) and the different functional properties being achieved by their usage were presented. Besides, the effects of pigments on human health were also briefly summarized.

Keywords

inorganic pigments, Human health, organic pigments, textile

References

• Ağar, E., Karaoğlu, A.Ş., Şaşmaz, S., (2003), “Antimicrobial Activities of Some Phthalocyanine Derivatives”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Gazi University, 20(2), 79-86.
• Baldwin, D.R., Marshall, W.J., (1999), “Heavy Metal Poisoning and Its Laboratory Investigation” (Review Article), Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 36, 267-300.
• Bilgehan, G., Serin S., (1993), “Benzendipropanamid Türevi Organik Pigment Sentezi ve Tekstilde Kullanımı,”, IX Kimya ve Kimya Mühendisliği Sempozyumu, 20-24 Eylül, Trabzon.
• Faulkner, E.B., Schwartz, R.J., (edt.) (2009), “High Performance Pigments”, 2nd ed. Weinheim: Wiley.
• Göker, Ş., (1996), İstanbul Çocuklarında Kan Kurşun Taraması, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Uzmanlık Tezi, İstanbul.
• Grandjean, P., (1992), Health Significance of Metals-Lead. Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Buc-blic Health and Preventive Medicine Ed: Last JM, Wallace.
• Gül, A., Sevim, A.M., Ilgün, C., (2011), “Preparation of Heterogeneous Phthalocyanine Catalysts by Cotton Fabric Dyeing”. Dyes and Pigments, 89, 162-168.
• Güzel, B., (1989), “Pigment Boya Sentezi ve Tekstilde Kullanımı”, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adana.
• Hallab, N., Merritt, K., Jacobs, J., (2001), “Metal Sensitivity in Patients with Orthopa Eedicimplants”, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 83, 428-36.
• Hao, L., Wang, R., Liu, J., Cai, Y., Liu, R., (2012), “Investigating The Adsoption Performance of Nanoscale Pigment on Cationized Cotton Substrate”. Powder Technology, 222, 176-181.
• Herbst, W., Hunger, K., (2004), “Industrial Organic Pigments,” Third edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
• Kalhotka, L., Hrdinova, Z., Korinkova, R., Prichastalova, J., Konecna, M., Kubac, L., Lev, J., (2012), “Test of Phthalocyanines Antimicrobial Activity”. 2012 Nanocon, Brno, Czech Republic, EU.
• Kobayashi, Y., Kosaka, K., Nakanishi, T., (2010), “Deodorizing and Antibacterial Abilities of Knitted Cotton Fabrics Mordant Dyed with Reactive Dyes and Copper (II) Sulfate”. Textile Research Journal, 80(3), 271-278.
• Kumari, L.S., Rao, P.P., Koshy, P., (2009), “Red Pigments Based on CeO2–MO2–Pr 6O11 (M = Zr and Sn): Solid Solutions for The Coloration of Plastics,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 93, 1402–1408.
• Kurbanova, R., Mirzaoğlu, R., Ahmedova, G., Şeker, R., Özcan, E., (1998), “Boya ve Tekstil Kimyası ve Teknolojisi,” Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları., 34, 1-102.
• Lewis, P., (1988), Pigment Handbook, volume 3, (2nd edition), Wiley, New York.
• Linden, H., Rutzen, H., Wegemund, B., (1978), Process for Dispersing Pigments and Fillers Using Amnoalkanols and Salt, Alkoxylation and Quaternization Derivatives Thereof, 930,229, Henkel.
• Mahltig, B., Zhang, J., Huth, M., Fahmi, A., (2017), Microstructuring of Metal Effect Pigments in Functional Coatings on Textile Substrate”, The Journal of The Textile Institute, 108(4), 538-542.
• Mahltig, B., Zhang, J., Wu, L., Darko, D., Wendt, M., (2016), “Effect Pigments for Textile Coating: a Review of The Broad Range of Advantageous Functionalization,” Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 14, 35-55.
• Maile, F.J., Pfaff, G., Reynders, P., (2005), “Effect Pigments - Past, Present and Future,” Progress in Organic Coatings., 54(3), 150–163.
• Manasoğlu, G., (2014), “Selüloz Tozlarının Tekstil Kaplamacılığında Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bursa.
• Miao, D., Jiang, S., Zhao, H., Shang, S., Zhu, P., (2015), “Fabrication of High Infrared Reflective Azo/Ag/AzO Films on Poliester Fabrics,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 26(2), 1198-1204.
• Moinuddin, K.M.H., Venugopala, R.K.R., Keshavayya, J., ,(2012), (Bobbarala V.A.,) Synthesis, Spectral, Magnetic, Thermal and Antimicrobial Studies on Symmetrically Substituted, Search for Antibacterial Agents, InTech, 305-318.