Taxonomy and Distribution of Recent Benthic Foraminifera from Bir Ali Beach, Shabwah Governorate, Arabian Sea, Yemen

Year 2017, , 383 - 432, 01.08.2017

Mohammed Al-wosabi Munif Mohammed Fahad Basardah

https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.327047

Cited By: 2

Abstract

One hundred and eleven benthic foraminiferal species belonging to 36 genera, 25 families, 16 superfamilies and 4 suborders were identified from twenty samples collected from Bir Ali beach on the Yemeni Arabian Sea coastline. The benthic foraminifera assemblages were dominated by species belonging to Miliolina suborder with 71 species and 17 genera, followed by Rotaliina with 29 species and 14 genera, Textulariina 9 species and 3 genera and Lagenina 2 species and 2 genera. The distribution of recent shallow-water benthic foraminifera in surface sediment samples is in varians from sample to another. Higher abundance of genus Quinqueloculina is recorded in almost all the samples of the study area. The recorded assemblages show a high similarity to the foraminiferal assemblages of the IndoPacific region, East African coast and Red Sea.

Keywords

Arabian Sea, Bir Ali Beach, Recent benthic foraminifera, Shabwah, Yemen

References

• Abu-Zied, R.H., Rohling, E.J., Jorissen, F.J., Fontanier, C., Casford, J.S.L. and Cooke, S., 2008. Benthic foraminiferal response to changes in bottom-water oxygenation and organic carbon flux in the eastern Mediterranean during LGM to Recent times. Journal of Marine Micropaleontology, 67, 46-68.
• Al-Ali, R. A., Al- Shaikhly, S. S., and Al- Marsoumil, A. M. H., 2010. Study of foraminiferal species in recent sediments in Shatt Al- Arab banks, the coast Khor Abdullah and Khor Al-Zubair, Southern -Iraqi Journal Basrah Research, 36 (4).
• Al-Hitmi, H. H., 2000. Recent benthic foraminifera from the local water of Qatar, Arabian Gulf. Qatar University, Science Journal, 20, 167- 179.
• Al-Wosabi, M, A., Mohammed, M, A. and Al-Kadasi, W, M., 2011. Recent Foraminifera from Socotra Island, Indian Ocean, Yemen. Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thamar University, Yemen, 4, 01-32.
• Ariza, M. S., 1988. Study of agglutinated foraminifera from the motril-nerja littoral region, Spain. Abh. Geol, 41, 301-305.
• Asano, K., 1951. Illustrated catalogue of Japanese Tertiary smaller foraminifera. Petroleum Branch, Natural Resources Section, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Tokyo, 183. Avsar, N., Aksu, A. and Dincer, F., 2006. Benthic foraminiferal assemblage of Erdek Bay (SW Marmara Sea). Yerbilimleri 27 (3), 125-141.
• Avsar, N., Meric, E., Cevik, M.G. and Dincer, F., 2009. Recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages on the continental shelf off the Büyük Menderes river delta (W Turkey). Yerbilimleri, 30, 127-144.
• Baccaert, J., 1987. Distribution patterns and taxonomy of benthic foraminifera in the Lizard Island Reef Complex, northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Liège, 3 vols, 109pls.
• Bahafzallah, A. A. K., 1979. Distribution, Ecology and systematics of recent benthic foraminifera from Jeddah Bay, Red Sea. PhD Thesis, University of Bristol.
• Bandy, O. L., 1953. Ecology and paleoecology of some California Foraminifera. Part I. The frequency distribution of recent Foraminifera of California. Journal of Paleontology, 27 (2), 161-182.
• Bandy, O. L., 1961. Distribution of I›ornminifera. Radiolaria and diatoms in sediments of the Gulf of California. Journal of Micropaleontology, 7, 1-26. Batsch, A.I.G.C., 1791. Sechs Kupfertafeln mit Conchylien des Seesandes. Gezeichnet und gestochen von A. J. G. K. Batsch, Jena, 6pls, 3, 5.
• Bermudez, P. J., 1952. Estudio sistematico de los foraminiferos rptaliformes. Bulletin de Geologia Venezuela, 2(4), 1-230.
• Beydoun, Z, R., 1966. Eastern Aden Protectorate and part of Dhufar In: Geology of the Arabian Peninsula. United State Geological Survey Proffisional Paper 560-H, Washington, 1–49.
• Bhalla, S.N. and Nigam, R., 1979. A note on recent foraminifera from Calongute beach sands. Goa. Bulletin Indian Geologists Association, 12 (2): 239- 240.
• Bhatia, S.B., 1956. Recent foraminifera from shore sands of western India. Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 7, 15-24.
• Bock, W.D., 1971. A handbook of the benthonic foraminifera of Florida Bay and adjacent waters. Miami Geological Society, Memoir 1, 1-92.
• Brady, H.B., 1879. Notes on some Retieularian Rhizopoda of the ‹Challenger› expedition. Part II. Additions to the knowledge of porcellanous and hyaline types. Quaternary Journal of the Microscopical Science, 19 (new Series), 261-299.
• Brady, H. B., 1881. Notes on some reticularian Rhizopoda of the «Challenger» expedition, Part 3. Quaternary Journal of the Microscopical Science, 21 (new series), 31-71.
• Brady, H. B., 1884. Report on the foraminifera dredged by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 18731876, in Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Zoology, 9.
• Brooks, W., 1973. Distribution of Recent foraminifera from the southern coast of Puerto Rico. Micropaleontology, 20, 236-244.
• Bruennich, M. T., 1771. M. T. Brunnich zoologiae fundamenta. Hafnine et Lipsiae: Grunde I dyeloeren.
• Brummer, G. J. A. and Kroon, D., 1988. Planktonic foraminifers as tracers of ocean climate history. Free University Press, Amsterdam, 6-346.
• Buzas, M. A. and Severin, K. P., 1982. Distribution and Systematics of foraminifera in the Indian River, Florida. Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences, 16(i-iii), 1-73.
• Cameron, A, A., 1995. Recent foraminifera from the continental shelf and slope off kaikoura, New Zealand. New Zealand Natural Sciences, 22, 2742.
• Caton-Thompson, G. and Gardner, E. W., 1939. Climate, irrigation, and early man in Hadhramaut. Geographicalal Journal, 93, 18-35.
• Chapman, F., 1895. On some foraminifera obtained by the Royal Indian Marine› Surveys ‹Investigator› from the Arabian Sea, near Laccadive Islands. Proceeding of Zoological Society, London, 1, 1-55.
• Cherif, O. H., AL-Ghadban, A. and Al-Rifaiy, I. A., 1997. Distribution of foraminifera in the Arabian Gulf. Micropaleontology, 43(3), 253-280.
• Cimerman, F. and Langer, M. R., 1991. Mediterranean foraminifera. Ljubljana, Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti, 118pp.
• Clemens, S., Prell, W. D., Murray, D., Shimmield, G. and Weedon, G., 1991. Forcing mechanisms of the Indian Ocean monsoon. Nature, 353, 720-725.
• Collins, A. C., 1958. Foraminifera, Great Barrier Reef Expedition (1928- 29). Scientific Report, 6, 335437.
• Costa, O.G., 1856. Paleontologia del regno di Napoli, Parte II. Atti dell Accademia Pontaniana Napoli, 7(2), 113-378.
• Culver, S. J. and Buzas, M. A., 1980. Distribution of Recent Benthic Foraminifera off the North American Atlantic Coast. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 6, 512.
• Culver, S. J. and Buzas, M. A., 1982. Distribution of Recent Benthic Foraminifera in the Caribbean Region. Smithsonian institution press, Washington, 382.
• Culver, S. J. and Buzas, M. A., 1986. Distribution of Recent Benthic Foraminifera off the North American Pacific Coast from California to Baja. Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences 26, 234. Cushman, J. A., 1910. A monograph of the foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean, Part 1: Astrorhizidae and Lituolidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 71 (1), 1-134.
• Cushman, J. A., 1911. A monograph of the foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean. Pt. 2. Textulariidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 71 (2), 1-108.
• Cushman, J. A., 1915. A monograph of the foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean. Part 5, Rotaliidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 71 (5), 1-87.
• Cushman, J. A., 1917. A monograph of the foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean, Part 6, Miliolidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 71 (6), 1-108.
• Cushman, J. A., 1922. Shallow-water foraminifera of the Tortugas Region. Publications of the Carnegie Institution Washington, 311, Department of Marine Biology, 17, 1-85.
• Cushman, J. A., 1924. Samoan Foraminifera. Carnegie Institution of Washington, No. 342, Department of Marine Biology, 21, 1-75.
• Cushman, J. A., 1927. An outline of a re-classification of the foramininifera. Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 3, 1-105.
• Cushman, J. A., 1929. The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean, Part 6: Miliolidae, Ophthalmidiidae, Fischerinidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (6), 1-129.
• Cushman, J.A., 1930. The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (7), 1-79.
• Cushman, J. A., 1931. The foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean, Part 8: Rotaliidae, Amphisteginidae, Calcarinidae, Cymbalporettidae, Globorotallidae, Anomalinidae, Planorbulinidae, Pupertiidae and Homotremidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 104 (8), 1-179.
• Cushman, J. A., 1932. The foraminifera of the tropical Pacific collections of the “Albatross» 1899-1900, Part 1: Astrorhizidae to Trochamminidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 161, 1-88.
• Cushman, J. A., 1933. The foraminifera of the tropical Pacific collections of the «Albatross» 1899-1900, Part 2: Lagenida to Alveolinellidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 161, 1-79.
• Cushman, J. A., 1944. Foraminifera from the shallow water of the New England coast. Special Publications Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 12, 1-37.
• Cushman, J. A., 1946. The Genus Hauerina and its species. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 22, 2-15.
• Cushman, J. A., 1947. New species and varieties of foraminifera from off the southeastern coast of the United States. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 23, 86-92.
• Cushman, J. A., and LeRoy, L. W., 1939. Cribrolinoides, a new genous of the foraminifera, its development and relationshios. Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 15, 15-19.
• Cushman, J. A. and Todd, R., 1944. The genus Spiroloculina and its species. Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication 1, 1-82.
• Debenay, J. P., 2012. A guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia. Publications Scientifiques du Muséum, Paris, 378.
• Debenay, J. P., 2013. A guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from the Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia. IRD Editions. Publication Scientifique du Museum, CP41, 383.
• Debenay, J. P., Millet, B. and Angelidis, M. O. 2005. Relationships between foraminiferal assemblages and hydrodynamics in the Gulf of Kalloni, Greece. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 35, 327-343.
• Debenay J. P., Tsakiridis E., Soulard r. and GrosseL H., 2001. Factors determining the distribution of foraminiferal assemblages in Port Joinville Harbor (îled’Yeu, France): the influence of pollution. Marine Micropaleontology, 43, 75-118.
• Defrance, J. L. M., 1824. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, Vol. 32, moll-morf. Strasbourg: F. G. Levrault 567pp.
• Delage, Y. and Herouard, E., 1896. Tarite de Zoologie Concrete, Vol. 1, La Cellute et les Protozoaires, Paris: Schlecher Freres.
• Devi, G. S. and Rajashekhar, K. P., 2009. Intertidal foraminifera of Indian coast. A scanning electron photomicrograph illustrated catalogue, Journal of Threatened Taxa, 1(1), 17-36.
• Dias, B. B., Hart, M. B., Smart, C.W. and Hall-Spencer, J. M., 2010. Modern seawater acidification: the response of foraminifera to high-CO conditions in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 167, 843-846.
• Eagle, M. K., Hayward, B. W., Grant-Mackie, J. A. and Gregory, M. R., 1999. Fossil communities in an early Miocene transgressive sequence, Mathesons Bay, Leigh, Auckland. Tane, 37, 43-68.
• Ehrenberg, C. G., 1838. Uber dem blossen Auge unsichtbare kalkthierchen und Kieselthierchen als Hauptbestandtheile der Kreidegebirge, Bericht über die zu Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1838, 192-200.
• Ehrenberg, C. G., 1839. Uber die Bildung der Kreidefelsen und des Kreidemergels durch unsichtbare Organismen. Physikalische Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 59-147.
• Eichwald, C.E. von, 1830. Zoologia specialis. Vol. 2. Vilnae: D. E. Eichwaldus, 1-323.
• Ellis, B. F. and Messina, A. R., 1940. Catalogue of foraminifera. American Museum of National History. Special Publication (New York), with supplements.
• El-Nakhal, H. A., 1980. Recent foraminifera from the seashores of Yemen Arab Republic, part 2, the genus Quinqueloculina. Journal of College of Science, Riyadh University, 2. 147-170.
• El-Nakhal, H. A., 1984. Recent foraminiferida from the sea shores of Yemen Arab Republic Part 1, the genus Quinqueloculina. Journal of College of Science, Riyadh University, 25 (1/2), 45-58.
• El-Nakhal, H. A., 1993. Recent foraminiferida from the sea shores of Yemen Arab Republic Part 3, the remaining genera. Dirasat Yamanyyah, 49, 302368.
• Erbacher, J. and Nelskamp, S., 2006. Comparison of benthic foraminifera inside and outside a sulphur-oxidizing bacterial mat from the present oxygen-minimum zone off Pakistan (NE Arabian Sea): Deep Sea Research, Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 53, 751-775.
• Fantozzi, P. L. and Sgavetti, M., 1998. Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the eastern Gulf of Aden margins: new structural and stratigraphic data from Somalia and Yemen. In: Purser, B. H., and Bosence, D. W. J. (ed.) Sedimentation and tectonics in rift basins, Red Sea–Gulf of Aden. London, Chapman and Hall, 56–76.
• Fichtel, L. and Moll, J. P., 1798. Testacea microscopica aliaqueminuta generibus Argonauta et Nautilus, Wien, Osterreich, Camesina (Reprinted, 1803).
• Finlay, H. J., 1940. New Zealand foraminifera; Key species in stratigraphy-No 4. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 69, 448-472.
• Fiorini, F., 2004. Benthic foraminiferal associations from upper Quaternary deposits of southeastern plain, Italy. Micropaleontology, 50, 45-58.
• Forskal, P., 1775. Descriptiones animalium. Hauniae. Carsten Niebuhr, Copenhagen.
• Frezza, V. and Carboni, M. G., 2009. Distribution of recent foraminiferal assemblages near the Ombrone River mouth (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Revue de micropaleontology, 52, 43-66.
• Galloway, J. J., 1933. A Manual of Foraminifera, Bloomington: Principal Press. (In Loeblich an tappan, 1988).
• Gandhi, S., Rajamanickam, G. V. M. and Nigam, R., 2002. Taxonomy and distribution of benthic foraminifera from the sediments off Palk Strait, Tamil Nadu, East Coast of India. Journal of the paleontological Society of India, 47, 47-64.
• Germeraad, J. H., 1946. Geology of central Seran, in L. Rutten, and W. Hotz. Geological, Petrographical and Paleontological Results of Explorations Carried Out from September 1917 till 1919 in the Island of Cerma, ser. 3 (Geology), no. 2. Amsterdam: J. H. de Bussy, 7-135.
• Glaessner, M. F., 1937. Die Entfaltung der Foraminiferenfamilie Buliminidae, Problemy Paleontologii. Paleontologicheskaya Laboratoriya Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 2-3, 411-422.
• Graham, J. and Militante, P., 1959. Recent foraminifera from the Puerto Galera area, northern Mindoro, Philippines. Stanford University Publications, (Geological), 6 (2), 1-170.
• Gudmundsson, G., 1994. Phylogeny, ontogeny and systematics of recent Soritacea Ehrenberg 1839 (Foraminiferida). Micropaleontology, 40 (2), 101155.
• Haig, D. W., 1988. Miliolid foraminifera from inner neritic and mud facies of the Papuan Lagoon. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 18, 203-236.
• Haig, D. W., 1997. Foraminifera from Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 80, 263-280.
• Haman, D., 1966. On some recent foraminifera from the Faeroe Island. Denmark. Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 17(2), 67 - 70. Hatta, A. and Ujiie, H., 1992. Benthic foraminifera from Coral Seas between Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands. Southern Ryukyu Island Arc, Northwestern Pasific. Bulletin of the Colloge of Science, University of Ryukyus, 53, 49-119.
• Haynes, J. R., 1973. Cardigan Bay recent foraminifera. Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History (Zoology), Supplement 4, 1-245.
• Hayward, B. W., Grenfell, H. R., Ried, C. M. and Hayward k, A. 1999. Recent New Zealand shallow-water benthic foraminifera: taxonomy, ecologic distribution, biogeography, and use in paleoenvironmental assessment. Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences monographs, 21, 1-264.
• Hayward, B. W., Holzmann, M., Grenfell, H. R., Pawlowski J. and Triggs, C. M. 2004. Morphological distinction of molecular types in Ammonia - towards a taxonomic revision of the world has most commonly misidentified foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 50, 237271.
• Heron-Allen, E. and Earland, A., 1930. The foraminifera of the Plymouth District. Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, 50 (3), 46-84.
• Hofker, J., 1927. Foraminifera of the Siboga Expedition. Part 1, Siboga Exped. Monogr. 4, 1-78.
• Hofker, J., 1951. The Foraminifera of the Siboga expedition. Part III. Siboga-Expeditie. Monographie Va. Leiden: E. J. Brill. 1-513.
• Höglund, H., 1947. Foraminifera in the Gullmar Fjord and the Skagerak. Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala, 2: 1-328.
• Horton, B.P., Culver, S.J., Hardbattle, M.I.J., Larcombe, P., Milne, G.A., Morigi, C., Whittaker, J.E. and Woodroffe, S. A., 2007. Reconstructing Holocene sea-level change for the central Great Barrier Reef (Australia) using subtidal foraminifera. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 37, 327-343.
• Hottinger, L., Halicz, E. and Reiss, Z., 1993. Recent foraminiferida from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti, Ljubljana, 33.
• Hughes, G. W., 1977. Recent Foraminifera from the Honiara Bay area, Salomon Islands. Journal of Forarniniferal Research, 7, 45-57.
• Hussain, S.M., Krishnamurthy, R. Gandhi, M. S., Ilayaraja, K. Ganesan, P. and Mohan, S. P., 2006. Micropaleontological investigations of tsunami sediments of Tamilnadu and Andaman Islands. Current Science. 91 (12), 1655- 1667.
• Hyams, O., Almogi-Labin, A. and Benjamini, C., 2002. Larger foraminifera of the southeastern Mediterranean shallow continental shelf off Israel. Israel Journal of Earth Science, 51, 169–179.
• Ishman, S, E., Graham, L. and D’Ambrosio, J., 1997. Modern Benthic Foraminifer Distributions in Biscayne Bay: Analogs for Historical Reconstructions. United State Geological Survey, Reston, File Report, 97-34.
• Issa, B. M., 2010. Depositional environments and Biofacies of Selected Sediments, North Basrah. Jour. Basrah Research, Science, 36 (5), 1-14.
• Javaux, E. J. and Scott, D. B., 2003. Illustration of modern benthic foraminifer from Bermuda and remarks on distribution in other subtropical/tropical areas. Palaeontologia Electronica, 6(1), 1-29.
• Jones, R.W., 1994. The Challenger Foraminifera. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 9(1), 124-124
• Jorissen, F.J., 1987. The distribution of benthic foraminifera in the Adriatic Sea. Marine Micropaleontology. 12, 21-48.
• Jumnongthai, J., 1980. Recent foraminifera from southern Thailand. Geology Survey Paper, 1. 1- 21.
• Kaladhar, R, Kamalakaran, S, Varma, K.U. and Bhaskara Rao, V. 1990. Recent foraminifera from nearshore shelf, south of Visakhapatnam, east coast of India. Indian Journal of Marin Science, 19, 71- 73.
• Kaminski, M.A., 2004. The Year 2000 Classification of the Agglutinated Foraminifera. In: Bubik, M., Kaminski, M.A., (ed.) Proceedings of the sixth International Workshop on Agglutinated Foraminifera, Grzybowski Fondation Special Publication, 8, 237-255.
• Kaminski, M.A., Aksu, A., Box, M., Hiscott, R.N., Filipescu, S. and Al-Salameen, M., 2002. Late Glacial to Holocene benthic foraminifera in the Marmara Sea: implications for Black Sea - Mediterranean Sea connections following the last deglaciation. Marine Geology, 190, 162-202.
• Keyzer, F. G., 1953. Reconsediration of the so-called Oligocene fauna in the asphaltic deposite of Buton (Malaya Archiopelago), 2. Young Neogene foraminifera and calcareous algae. Leidsche Geologische Meded-Lingen, 17, 259-293.
• Khare, N., 1992. A study of foraminifera in surface and subsurface sediments from the shelf region off Karwar and their paleoclimatic significance. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Goa University, India.
• Kisel’man, E. N., 1972. Verkhnemelovy I Paleosenovye foraminifery novogo roda Spiroplectinela (Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene new foraminiferal genus Spiroplectinella). Trudy Saibirskogo NauchnoIssledovatel’skogo Instituta Geologii Geofiziki I Mineral’nogo Syrya (SNIIGGIMS) Ministerstva Geologii Okhrany Nedr SSSR. Novosibirsk, 146: 134-140. Koukousioura, O., Triantaphyllou, M. V., Dimiza, M. D., Pavlopoulos, K., Syrides, G. and Vouvalidis, K., 2012. Benthic foraminiferal evidence and paleoenvironmental evolution of Holocene coastal plains in the Aegean Sea (Greece). Journal Quaternary International, 261, 105-117.
• Kumar, V., Manivannan, V. and Ragothaman, V., 1990. Distribution and species diversity of recent foraminifera from the Thamirabarani River estuary, Punnaikkayal, Tamil Nadu. Journal of Paleontological Society of India, 35, 53- 60.
• Kurbjeweit, F., Hemleben, Ch., Schmiedl, G., Schiebel, R., Pfannkuche, O., Wallmann, K. and Schafer, P., 2000. Distribution, biomass and diversity of benthic foraminifera in relation to sediment geochemistry in the Arabian Sea. Deep-Sea Research, II, 47(14), 2913–2955.
• Lacroix, E., 1938. Revision du genre Massilina.Bulletin de I’institut Oceanographique Monaco, 754, 1-11.
• Lacuna M. L. D. G., Masangcay S. I. G., Orbita M. L. S. and Torres M. A. J., 2013. Foraminiferal assemblage in Southeast coast of Iligan Bay, Mindanao, Philippines. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 6 (4), 303-319.
• Lagoe, M. B., 1977. Recent benthonic foraminifera from the Central Arctic Ocean. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 7, 106-129.
• Lamarck, J.B., 1804. Suite des mémoires sur les fossils des environs de Paris. Annales Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. 1, 475-475.
• Lamarck, J.B., 1816. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres. Verdière, Paris, tome 2, 1-568.
• Langer, M. R., 1992. New recent foraminiferal genera and species from the lagoon at Madang, Papua New Guinea. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 11, 85-93.
• Lankford, R. R. and Phleger, F. B., 1973. Foraminifera from the nearshore turbulent zone, western North America. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 3, 101-132.
• Larsen, A. R., 1976. Studies of recent Amphistegina, taxonomy and some ecological aspects. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, 25, 1-26.
• Le Calvez, Y., 1949. Revision des foraminiferes Lutetiens du Bassin de Paris. II Rotaliidae et families affines. Memoires du Service de la Carte Geologique detaillee de la France, 1-54.
• Le Calvez, Y. and Le Calvez, J., 1958. Répartition des foraminiféres dans la Baie de Villefrance, I. Miliolidae. Annales de L›Institut Océanographique, 35, 159- 234.
• Leiter, C., 2008. Benthos-Foraminiferen in Extremhabitaten: Auswertung von METEORExpeditionen vor Namibia. PhD Thesis, LudwigMaximilians-Universitaet, Munich, Germany, 103 pp.
• Leroy, D. and Levinson, S.A., 1974. A deep-water Pleistocene microfossil assemblage from a well in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Micropaleontology, 20, 1-37.
• Levy, A., Poignant, A., Rosset-Moulinier, M. and Rouvillois. A., 1975. Sur quelques foraminifères actuels des plages de Dunkerque et des environs: néotypes et espèces nouvelles. Revue de Micropaléontologie, 17, 171-181.
• Linné, C., 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. G. Engelmann (Lipsiae). 10, 1-824.
• Lioyd, J. M., 2006. Modern distribution of benthic foraminilcra from Disko Bugt, West Greenland. Journal of foraminiferal Research, 36(4), 315-331.
• Loeblich A. R. and Tappan, H., 1953. Studies of Arctic foraminifera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 121, 1-150.
• Loeblich, A.R. and Tappan, H., 1964. Sarcodina, chiefly “Thecamoebians” and foraminifera (2 vols.). in: Moore, R. C. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Protista 2, part C, Geological Society of America and Kansas University Press, 900 pp.
• Loeblich, A.R. and Tappan, H., 1964. Rupertlanella, newname of Pseudotriloculina Rasheed. 1971, non cherif, 1970 (Miliolacea). Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 15, 52.
• Loeblich, A. R. and Tappan. H., 1988. Foraminiferal genera and their classification. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 970 pp.
• Luczowska, E., 1974. Miliolidae (Foraminiferid) from the Miocene of Poland, Part II. Biostratigraphy, paleoecology and systematic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 19:3-176.
• Madkour, H. A., 2013. Recent benthic foraminifera of shallow marine environment from the Egyptian Red Sea coast. Global Advanced Research Journal of Geology and Mining Research, 2(1), 5-14.
• Majewski, W., Lecroq, B., Sinniger, F. and Pawlowski, J., 2007. Monothalamous foraminifera from Admiralty Bay, King George Island, West Antarctica. Polish Polar Research. 28, 187-210.
• Maliker, Y., 2010. Western Mediterranean shelf foraminifera: Recent distribution, Holocene sea-level reconstructions, and paleoceanographic implications. PhD dissertation, Hamburg University, 169pp.
• McCloskey, B., 2009. Foraminiferal responses to arsenic in a shallowwater hydrothermal system in Papua New Guinea and in the laboratory. PhD Dissertations, University of South Florida, 425pp.
• Melis, R. and Violanti, D., 2006. Foraminiferal biodiversity and Holocene evolution of the Phetchaburi Coastal area (Thailand Gulf). Marine Micropaleontology, 61, 94-115.
• Mendes, I., Gonzalez, R., Dias, J. M. A., Lobo, F. Martins V., 2004. Factors influencing recent benthic foraminifera distribution on the Guadiana shelf (Southwestern Iberia). Marine Micropaleontology, 51(1-2), 171-192.
• Mercau, J. R., Laprida, C., Chandler, D. D. E., Lopez, R. A. and Marcomini, Y. S., 2011. Modern foraminifera from coastal settings in northern Argentina: implications for the paleoenvironmental interpretation of mid Holocene littoral deposits. Modern foraminifera from coastal settings, northern Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas, 28, 45-64.
• Meriç, E., Avşar, N. and Bergin, F., 2004. Benthic foraminifera of Eastern Aegean Sea (Turkey) systematics and autoecology. Turkish Marine Research Foundation and Chamber of Geological Engineers of Turkey, Publication No. 18, 306pp.
• Meriç, E., Avşar, N., Nazik, A., Yokeş, B., Ergin, M., Eryılmaz, M., Yücesoy Eryılmaz, F., Gökaşan, E., Suner, F., Tur, H, Aydin, Ş. and Dinçer, F., 2009. Factors controlling formation of benthic foraminifera, ostracod, mollusc assemblages and sediment distribution of the geochemistry in the Dardanelles Strait. Bull. Geol. Turkey, 52 (2), 155-216.
• Milker, Y. and Schmiedl. G., 2012. A taxonomic guide to modern benthic shelf foraminifera of the western Mediterranean Sea. Palaeontologia Electronica, 15 (2), 16A, 134p.
• Milker, Y., Schmiedl, G., Betzler, C., Römer, M., Jaramillo-Vogel, D. and Siccha, M., 2009. Distribution of recent benthic foraminifera in neritic carbonate environments of the Western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 70, 207-225.
• Miller, D. N., 1953. Ecological study of the Foraminifera of Mason Inlet, North Carolina. – Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 4 (2), 41-63.
• Millett, F. W., 1898. Report on the Recent Foraminifera of the Malaya Archiopelahgo collected by Mr. a. Durrand, F. R. M. S., Journal of Royal Microscopical Society, 1898:258-269.
• Montagu, G., 1803. Testacea Brittanica or Natural History of British Shells Marine, Land and Fresh Water, Including the Most Minute. J.S. Hollis, Romsey.
• Montfort, P. denys de., 1808. Conchyliologie Systematique et Classification Methodique des Coquilles, Vol. 1. Paris: F. Schoell.
• Morigi, C., Jorissen, F.J., Fraticelli, S., Horton, B.P., Principi, M., Sabbatini, A., Capotondi, L., Curzi, P.V. and Negri, A., 2005. Benthic foraminiferal evidence for the formation of the Holocene mudbelt and bathymetrical evolution in the central Adriatic Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 57, 2549.
• Murray, J. W., 1969. Recent foraminif era from the Atlantic continental shelf of the United States. Micropaleontology, 15, 401-419.
• Murray, J. W. 1970. Foraminifers of the Western Approaches to the English Channel. Micropaleontology, 16, 471-85.
• Murray, J. W., 2003. An illustrated guide to the benthic foraminifera of the Hebridean shelf, west of Scotland, with notes on their mode of life. Paleaeontologia Electronica, 5 (1), 1-31.
• Natsir, S. M. and Muchlisin, Z. A., 2012. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in Tambelan Archipelago, Indonesia. Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 5, 259-264.
• Neugeboren, J. L., 1850. Foraminiferen von FelsoLapugy: zweiter Artikel. Verhandulungen und Mittheilungen des Siebenburgischer Verein fur Naturwissen-schaften zu Hremannstadt, 1, 118127.
• Nigam, R., Setty, M.G.A.P. and Ambre, N.V., 1979. A checklist of benthic foraininiferids from the inner shelf of Dabhol-Vengurla region, Arabian Sea. Journal of Geological Society of India, 20, 244-247.
• Nobes, K. and Uthicke, S., 2008. Benthic foraminifera of the Great Barrier Reef, A guide to speeies potentially useful as water quality indicators. Australian Inst. of Marine Sci., Townsvillc, 38pp.
• Nuglisch, K., 1985. Foraminiferen - marine Mikroorganismen. Die neue Brehm-Bücherei, Wittenberg. 176pp.
• Oflaz, S. A., 2006. Taxonomy and Distribution of the Benthic Foraminifera in the Gulf of Iskenderun, Eastern Mediterranean. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 306 p.
• Orbigny, A. d’., 1826. Tableau methodique de la classe des Cephalopodes Annal. Sci. Natur. 7, 245-314.
• Orbigny, A. d’., 1839. Foraminiferes, in Ramon de la Sagra, Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de file de Cuba. Paris, Arthus Bertrand.
• Orbigny, A. d’., 1846. Foraminiferes Fossiles Du Bassin Tertiaire De Vienne (Autriche). Gide et Comp, Libraires- Editeurs, Paris, Gide et Comp.
• Parker, F. L., 1958. Eastern Mediterranean foraminifera. Reports of the Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition, Sediment Cores from the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea, 8, 217-285.
• Parker J. H., 2009. Taxonomy of foraminifera from Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, 36, 1-810.
• Parr, W. J., 1941. A new genus, Planulinoides, and some species of foraminifera from South Australia. Mining and Geological Journal, 2, 177.
• Parr, W. J., 1945. Recent foraminifera from Barwon Heads, Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 56, 189-227.
• Perconig, E., 1954. Note paleontologiche Sulla zona costiera di Agrigento (Sicilia). Contributi di Scienze Geologiche con particolare riguardo all´Italia central, 3, 91-98.
• Phleger, F. B., 1965. Living benthic foraminifera from coastal marsh, southwestern Florida. Bol. Soc. Geol. Mexicana, 28(1), 45-60.
• Phleger, F. B. and Parker, F. L., 1951. Ecology of foraminifera, northwest Gulf of Mexico, Part II, Foraminifera species. Geological Society of America Memoir, 46, 1-59.
• Ragothaman, V. and Kumar, V., 1985. Recent foraminifera off the coast of Rameshwaram, Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu. Bulletin of the Geological, Mining and Metallugical Society of India, 97-121.
• Rana, S. S., 2009. Study of foraminiferal distribution in surface and subsurface sediments off central east coast of India and their paleoecological significance. Published PhD Thesis, Department of Marine Science Goa University, Goa, India.
• Rao, K. K., 1970. Forminifera of the Gulf of Cambay. Journal of Bombay Naturai History, 66: 584-596.
• Rao, K. K., Sivadas, P., Narayanan, B. Jayalakshmi, K.V. and Krishnan Kutty, M. 1987. Distribution of foraminifera in the lagoons of certain islands of the Lakshadweep Archipelago. Arabian Sea. Indian Journal of Marine Science, 16, 161-178.
• Rao. T.V. and Rao, M. S., 1974. Recent foraminifera of Suddagadda estuary, east coast of India. Micropaleontology, 20, 398-419.
• Rasmussen, T. L., 2005. Systematic paleontology and ecology of benthic foraminifera from the Plio- Pleistocene Kallithea Bay section, Rhodes, Greece. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research Special Publication, Y13, 39, 53-157. Reichel, M., 1937. Etude sur les Alvéolines, II. Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlung, 59 (3), 95-147.
• Reiss, Z., 1963. Reclassification of perforate foraminifera. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Israel, 59, 1-111.
• Renema, W., 2003. Foraminifera on reefs around Bali (Indonesia). Zoologische Verhandelingen. 345, 337-366.
• Reuss, A. E., 1850. Neues Foraminiferen aus den Schichten des osterreichischen Tertiarbeckens. Denk-schriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaf-ten, MathematischNaturwissenschaftliche Classe, 1, 365-390.
• Rocha, A. T. and Ubaldo, M. L., 1964. Nota Sobre of foraminifera recents da areias das praias dejampor (Damao) e de Baga Goa. Garcia de orto (lisaboa), 12, 645-650.
• Sabbatini, M., Capotondi, L., Curzi, P. V. and Negri, A., 2005. Benthic foraminiferal evidence for the formation of the Holocene mud-belt and bathymetrical evolution in the central Adriatic Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 57, 25–49.
• Said, R., 1949. Foraminifera form the northern Red Sea. Special Publication Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 26, 1-44.
• Said, R., 1950. Additional foraminifera from the northern Red Sea. Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 1, 5-9.
• Saidova. Kh. M., 1975. Bentosnye Foraminifery Tikhogo Okeana (Benthonic foraminifera of the Pacific Ocean). 3 vol. Moscow: Institute Okeanologii P. P. Shirshova, Akademiya Nauk SSSR.
• Saidova. Kh. M., 1981. Osovermennom sostoyanii sistemy nadvidykh taksonov Kaynozoyskikh Bentosnkh Foraminifer (On an up-todate system of supraspecific taxonomy of Cenozoic Benthonic foraminifera) Moscow: Institute Okeanologii P. P. Shirshova, Akademiya Nauk SSSR.
• Samir, A. M., Abdou, H. F., Zazou, S. M. and ElMenhawey, W. H., 2003. Cluster analysis of recent benthic foraminifera from the northwestern Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Revue de Micropaleontologie, 46, 111-130.
• Sarkar, S. D. S. and Gupta, A. K., 2009. Late Quaternary benthic foraminifera from Ocean Drilling Program Hole 7I6A, Maldives Ridge, southeastern Arabian Sea. Micropaleontology, 55 (1), 23- 48.
• Sgarrella, F. and Moncharmont Zei, M., 1993. Benthic foraminifera of the Gulf of Naples (Italy): systematics and autoecology. Bollettino Della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 32 (2), 145-264.
• Schlumberger, C. 1893. Note sur les genres Trillina et Linderina, Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, sen. 3 (21), 118-123.
• Schroeter, J.S., 1783. Einleitung in die Conchilienkenntnis nach Linné, Erster Band. Gebauer, J.J, Halle.
• Schultze, M. S., 1854. Uber den Organismus der Polythalamina (Foraminiferen) nebset Bermerkungen Uber die Rhizopoden im Allgemeinen. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
• Schwager, C., 1876. Saggio di una classificazion dei foraminiferei avuto riguardo alle loro famiglie naturali. Bulletino R. Comitato Geologico d’Italia, 7:475-485.
• Schwager, C., 1877. Quadro del proposto Sistema di classificazion dei foraminiferi con guscio, Bulletino R. Comitato Geologico d’Italia, 8, 1827.
• Schumacher, S., Jorissen, F. J., Dissard, D., Larkin, K. E. and Gooday, A. J., 2007. Live (Rose Bengal stained) and dead benthic foraminifera from the oxygen minimum zone of the Pakistan continental margin (Arabian Sea). Marine Micropaleontology, 62, 45-73.
• Scott, D. B. and Hengstum, P. J. V., 2011. Ecology of foraminifera and habitat variability in an underwater cave: distinguishing anchialine versus submarine cave environments. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 41(3), 201–229.
• Seears, H., 2011. Biogeography and phylogenetics of the planktonic foraminifera. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom, P. 76 –77.
• Silvestri, A., 1923. Lo stipites Della Elissoforme ele sue affinita. Memorie Della Pontificia Accademia Della Scienze, Nuovi Lincei, ser. 2: 231-270.
• Sen Gupta, B. K., 1971. The benthonic foraminifera of the Tail of the Grand Banks. Micropaleontology, 17(1), 69-98.
• Setty M. G. A. P. and Nigam, R., 1980. Microenvironment and anomalous benthic foraminiferal distribution within the neritic regime of the Dabhol-Vengurla sector (Arabian Sea). Revista Italianade Paleontologia and Stratigrafia, 417-428.
• Sgarrella, F. and Moncharmont Zei, M., 1993. Benthic foraminifera in the Gulf of Naples (Italy): systematics and autoecology. Bollettino Della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 32 (2), 145-264.
• Shareef, N. A. and Venkatachalapathy, V., 1988. Foraminifera from the shore sands of Bhaktal and Devgad Islands, west coast of India. Journal of Geological Society of India, 31, 432-441.
• Steinker, D. C., 1980. Nearshore foraminifera from Bermuda. The Compass, 57, 129-148.
• Stubbings, H. G., 1939. Stratification of biological remains of marine deposits of the Arabian Sea. British Museum, (Nat. Hist.), John Murray Expedition, 3(3), 159-192. Suhartati, M. and Muchlisin, Z. A., 2012. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in Tambelan Archipelago, Indonesia. Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 5(4), 259-264.
• Terquem, O., 1875. Essai sur le classement des animaux qui vivent sur la plage el dans les environs de Dunquerque. Easc, 1. Paris, pp. 1–54.
• Terquem, O., 1876. Essai sur le classement des animaux qui vivent sur la plage et dans les environs de Dunquerque. deuxieme fascicule, 55-100.
• Terquem, O., 1882. Les foraminiferes de 1” Eocene environs de Paris. Memoires de la Societe Geologique de France, ser.3, 2 (3), 1-193.
• Todd, R., 1965. The foraminifera of the tropical Pacific collections of the «Albatross», 1899-1900, Part 4, Rotaliform families and planktonic families. United States National Museum Bulletin, 161, 1-139.
• Todd, R. and Low, D., 1971. Foraminifera from the Bahama Bank west of Andros Island. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 683C: 1-22.
• Toefy, R., McMillan, I. K., und Gibbons, M. J., 2005. The foraminifera associated with the alga Gelidium pristoides, South Africa. African Invertebrates, 46, 1-26.
• Van Voorthuysen, H. J., 1957. Foraminiferen aus dem Eemian (Riss-Würm interglazial) in der Bohrung Amersfoort 1 (Locus typicus). Mededelingen van der Geologische Stichting, 11, 27-39.
• Vedantam, D. and Rao, M.S. 1970. Recent foraminifera from off Pentakota, east coast of India. Micropaleontology 16 (3), 325-344.
• Wiesner, H., 1920. Zur Systematik der Miliolideen. Zoologischhes Anzeiger 51, 13-20.
• Wiesner, H., 1923. Die Miliolideen der östlichen Adria. The author, Prag Bubanec. Albani, A. D., 1974. New benthonic foraminiferida from Australian waters. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 4, 3537.
• Wiesner, H., 1931, Die Foraminiferen der deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903. In: Drygalski, E. von, (ed.) Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 19011903, im Auftrage des Reichsministeriums des Innern: 20 (= Zoologie, Band 12), 49-165. Walter DeGruyter and Co. (Berlin and Leipzig).
• Williamson, W. C., 1858. On the recent foraminifera of Great Britain. The Ray Society, London, 1-107.
• Wisshak, M. and Rueggeberg, A., 2006. Colonisation and bioerosion of experimental substrates by benthic foraminiferans from euphotic to aphotic depths (Kosterfjord, SW Sweden). Facies, 52, 1-17.
• Wright, j., 1900. The foraminifera of dog›s Bay, Connemara. Irisb Naturalist, 9: 50-55.
• Yalcin, H., Meric, E, Avsar, N., Tctiker, S., and Dincer, F., I., 2006. Recent colored benthic foraminifers and their mineralogical and geochemical features in the Aegean and Southwestern Mediterranean Coasts. Geological Bulletin of Turkey, 49 (2), 2951.
• Yanko, V., 1995. Benthic foraminifera as indicators of heavy metal pollution along Israeli Coasts. In: Yanko, V. (ed.) Avicenna (AVI CT92-0007), benthic foraminifera as indicators of heavy metal pollution-a new kind of biological monitoring for the Mediterranean. Task 5, 58-152.
• Yanko, V., Avsar, N., Sanvoisin, R., Spezzaferri, S, Meric, E. and Basso, D., 1993. Foraminiferal study: Taxonomy, distribution. Task 9, 31-33. Yassini, I. and Jones B. G., 1995. Recent foraminifera and ostracoda from estuarine and shelf environments on the southeastern coast of Australia. University of Wollongang Press, New South Wales, Wollongang, 484pp.
• Zheng, S. Y., 1979. The recent foraminifera of the Xisha Island, Guangdong Province, China, II. Studia Marina Sinica, 15, 101-232.