Predictive factors causing complications in abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery

Year 2023, , 777 - 781, 30.12.2023

Doğan Öztürk , Bülent Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1392884

Abstract

Aim: Abdominoplasty has become increasingly popular in recent times. While it yields pleasing results for the patient, it can also lead to certain undesired outcomes post-operatively. The aim of this study is to examine complications arising after abdominoplasty and to identify potential risk factors associated with these complications. Factors affecting the local and systemic complications of abdominoplasty have not been adequately defined in the literature. Abdominoplasty is a radical cosmetic surgical procedure aimed at improving body contours by removing excess skin, subcutaneous fat, and soft tissue from the anterior abdominal wall while restoring muscle-fascia integrity and skin elasticity. Despite abdominoplasty being safe and highly popular, it is a procedure prone to complications when compared to other body contouring methods.
Material and Methods: Data from 95 patients (81 female and 14 male) who underwent abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery at Atatürk Sanatorium Education and Research Hospital between February 2020 and February 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' age, gender, BMI, weight loss, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking status, and their association with complications were analyzed. The potential risk factors and their relationship with developed complications were investigated using Independent Sample
T Test and Chi-square analysis. The examined risk factors included age, gender, body mass index, history of smoking, history of diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension, and abdominoplasty surgical technique.
Results: Among the 95 patients who underwent abdominoplasty, 27 (28.42%) experienced both local and systemic complications. The most frequent complication was seroma observed in 16 patients (16.84%). Subsequently, wound infection occurred in 4 patients (4.21%), skin necrosis in 1 patient (1%), wound dehiscence in 2 patients (2.1%), hematoma in 2 patients (2.1%), and pulmonary thromboembolism in 2 patients (2.1%).
Conclusion: Factors significantly increasing the complication rate were increased body mass index (p = 0.002) and a history of smoking (p = 0.004). However, statistical significance was not observed for other parameters.

Keywords

Abdominoplasty, complication, BMI, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus.

Bariatrik cerrahi sonrası abdominoplastide komplikasyonlara neden olan prediktif faktörler

Abstract

Amaç: Abdominoplasti günümüzde giderek popüler bir prosedür haline gelmiştir. Hasta için yüz güldürücü sonuçları olmasının yanında, operasyon sonrası bazı istenmeyen sonuçlar da ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, abdominoplasti sonrası gelişen komplikasyonları irdelemek ve olası risk faktörlerinin komplikasyonlarla ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır.
Abdominoplastinin lokal ve sistemik komplikasyonlarını etkileyen faktörler literatürde yeterince tanımlanmamıştır Abdominoplasti güvenli ve çok popüler olmasına rağmen, bu prosedür diğer vücut şekillendirme yöntemleriyle karşılaştırıldığında komplikasyonlara açık bir yöntemdir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Atatürk Sanatoryum Eğı̇tı̇m ve Araştırma Hastanesı̇nde Şubat 2020 ı̇le Şubat 2022 tarı̇hlerı̇ arasında barı̇atrı̇k cerrahı̇ sonrası abdomı̇noplastı̇ uygulanan 95 hastanın (81 kadın ve 14 erkek) verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. 95 hastanın yaş,cı̇nsı̇yet, BMİ, verı̇len kı̇lo, diabetetesmellitus,hipertansiyon, sigara içimi mevcudiyeti ve bunların komplı̇kasyonlarla ilişkisi analı̇z edı̇ldi. Olası risk faktörleri ve gelişen komplikasyonlar arasındaki ilişki İndependent Sample T Test ve Ki-Kare analizi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. İncelenen risk faktörleri yaş, cinsiyet, vücut kitle indeksi, sigara içme öyküsü, diabetesmellitus öyküsü, hipertansiyon öyküsü, abdominoplasti ameliyat tekniğidir.
Bulgular: Abdominoplasti yapılan 95 hastanın 27’sinde (%28,42) lokal ve sistemik komplikasyonlar gelişti. En sık görülen komplikasyon, 16 hastada saptanan seromaydı (%16.84). Sırasıyla 4 hastada yara yeri enfeksiyonu (%4.21), 1 hastada cilt nekrozu (%1), 2 hastada yara ayrılması (%2.1) ve 2 hastada hematom (%2.1), 2’sinde de pulmonertromboemboli (%2.1) gelişti.
Sonuçlar: Komplikasyon oranını önemli ölçüde artıran faktörler, artmış vücut kitle indeksi (p =0.002) ve sigara içme öyküsüydü (p = 0.004). Bu parametreler komplikasyon oluşumunda istatiksel olarak anlamlıydı. Diğer parametrelerde ise istatiksel anlamlılık saptanamadı.

Keywords

Abdominoplasti, komplikasyon, BMI, obezite, HT, DM

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