Current approaches to diagnosis and treatment of bruxism: A review

Year 2019, , 251 - 258, 12.06.2019

Merve Erdoğ Özgür , Özge Arifağaoğlu , Didem Karabekmez

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.521237

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The most common
tooth-to-tooth habits are clenching and grinding, i.e. bruxism.
Bruxism is mainly associated
with rhythmic masticator muscle activity characterized by repetitive jaw muscle
contractions. Although it is not a life-threatening condition, it can affect
the quality of human life with dental problems and pain in the orofacial
region.The neurochemical mechanisms underlying sleep bruxism are little
understood at present. Besides, it has been stated that the psychosocial
factors like stress and personality is important in the aetiology of bruxism.
Although intermittent
clenching and grinding are extremely common, 
they  usually  pose 
no  serious  consequences 
for  the  oral 
structures.  Sequelae  of 
bruxism  that  have 
been  proposed include tooth wear,
signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, headaches, toothache, mobile
teeth. Currently, nospecific 
treatment  exists  that 
can  stop  sleep bruxism 
even  though  many 
methods,  including  prosthetic 
treatment,  have  been tried over the years.Currently there is
no known treatment methodfor permanently eliminating bruxism.
Although occlusal appliances
guard against the harmful effects, they do not cure a patient ofbruxing. In
most instances when long-term occlusal appliance therapy is terminated, the
bruxism returns. In this review article, its etiology
and current treatment
methods are discussed with the light of previous literature.

Keywords

Bruxism, etiology, teşhis, treatment

Bruksizm teşhis ve tedavisi üzerine güncel yaklaşımlar: Derleme

Abstract

Bruksizm; genel kabul gören haliyle dişlerin okluzal yüzeyleri
arasında non-fonksiyonel ve sürekli, kuvvetli temas olarak tanımlanır; çiğneme sisteminin non-fonksiyonel
hareketleri esnasındaki istemsiz, aşırı gıcırdatma (grinding), dişlerin
sıkılması (clenching), veya sürtünmesidir (rubbing).  Hayatı tehdit edici bir rahatsızlık olmamasına karşın, insan yaşamının kalitesini dental problemler ve
orofasiyal bölgedeki
ağrı ile etkileyebilir. Günümüzde
bruksizmin altında yatan nörokimyasal mekanizmalar tam olarak
anlaşılamamıştır. Bununla birlikte, stres ve kişilik özellikleri gibi psikososyal faktörlerin de bruksizm etiyolojisinde önemli olduğu bildirilmiştir. Diş
gıcırdatma periyodları kısa aralıklarda olmasına rağmen çiğneme
sisteminde ciddi problemlere neden olabilmektedir. Bruksizm sonucu
temporomandibular rahatsızlıklar, baş ağrısı, dişlerde aşınma, hassasiyet ve
mobilite gibi problemler görülebilmektedir.
Yıllar içinde
bruksizmi durdurmak için
protetik tedavilerde dahil olmak üzere birçok tedavi yöntemi denenmiştir ancak bruksizmi daimi
olarak elimine eden bir tedavi yöntemi henüz bulunmamaktadır. Her ne kadar
oklüzal ısırma
plakları ile bruksizmin zararlı etkileri önlense de etkinliğinin net olarak gösterildiği kanıta dayalı çalışmalar
bulunmamaktadır ve oklüzal tedavi bitirildiğinde uzun dönemde bruksizm
tekrarlayabilir. Bu derlemede bruksizmin oluş nedenleri ve güncel tedavi
yaklaşımları literatür
bilgileri ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Bruksizm, etyoloji, tedavi, teşhis, tedavi

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