COVID-19 günlerinde Türkiye’nin kritik kan stoklarının yönetimi ve çözüm önerileri

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 166 - 175, 26.03.2022

Nesliahn Alkış Serdar Günaydın , Oluş Api , Nil Banu Pelit Fevzi Toraman , Dilek Ünal

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1082266

Abstract

Kandidemi, yüksek ölüm oranları ile dünya çapında sık görülen bir enfeksiyondur. Pandemi günlerinde, tüm dünyada yapılan kan bağışlarında ciddi bir azalma olmuştur. Yine 2019-2020 yılları karşılaştırıldığında bağış sayısının üçte bir oranında düştüğü görülmüştür. Türk Kızılayı verileri de pandeminin ilk günlerinde kan bağışının %90 oranında düştüğünü göstermektedir. Amerika’da yapılan bir çalışmada ise kan bağışı azalmasının yanında elektif cerrahiler ertelendiği için kan kullanımının da azaldığı görülmüştür.
Bağış sırasında COVID-19’a yakalanma endişesi ve sokağa çıkma yasağı bağış sayısındaki azalmanın ana sebepleridi. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de de çözüm olarak öncelikle stoklar kullanılmış, sonrasında sosyal medya faaliyetleri ile bağışa özendirme kampanyaları yürütülerek ve daha önce bağış yapmış kişilere kısa mesaj gönderilerek kan bağışının artırılmasına çalışılmıştır. Derlememiz pandemi döneminde kan bankası rezervlerinin durumunu irdelemekte ve optimal yönetimi tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Pandemi, Kan nakli, COVID-19

References

• 1. Yongjun Wang , Wenjuan Han , Lingling Pan et al. Impact of COVID-19 on blood centres in Zhejiang province China. Vox Sang 2020; 115: 502-6.
• 2. Monica B Pagano , John R Hess , Hamilton C Tsang et al. Prepare to adapt: blood supply and transfusion support during the first 2 weeks of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic affecting Washington State. Transfusion 2020; 60: 908-11
• 3. Luca Mascaretti , Vincenzo De Angelis , Pierluigi Berti et al. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and Transfusion Medicine: reflections from Italy. Blood Transfus 2020; 18: 77-78.
• 4. Xiaohong Cai , Ming Ren , Fenghua Chen , Liliang Li , Hang Lei , Xuefeng Wang . Blood transfusion during the COVID-19 outbreak. Blood Transfus 2020; 18: 79-82
• 5. Aryeh Shander , Mazyar Javidroozi, Seth Perelman, Thomas Puzio, Gregg Lobel. From bloodless surgery to patient blood management. Mt Sinai J Med 2012; 79: 56-65
• 6. M Muñoz , A G Acheson , M Auerbach , M Besser , O Habler , H Kehlet et al. International consensus statement on the peri-operative management of anaemia and iron deficiency. Anaesthesia 2017; 72: 233-247
• 7. Nicholas J Kassebaum , GBD 2013 Anemia Collaborators. The Global Burden of Anemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2016; 30: 247-308
• 8. Muñoz M, Gómez-Ramírez S, Rondinelli MB, Weltert L. Preoperative intravenous iron for cardiac surgery. Lancet 2020; 396: 1884
• 9. D M Baron , H Hochrieser , M Posch , B Metnitz , A Rhodes , R P Moreno et al. Preoperative anaemia is associated with poor clinical outcome in non-cardiac surgery patients. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113: 416-23
• 10. Julian Rössler , Felix Schoenrath , Burkhardt Seifert , Alexander Kaserer , Gabriela H Spahn , Volkmar Falk , Donat R Spahn . Iron deficiency is associated with higher mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective study. Br J Anaesth 2020;124(1):25-34.
• 11. Victor A Ferraris , Daniel L Davenport, Sibu P Saha, Peter C Austin, Joseph B Zwischenberger.Surgical outcomes and transfusion of minimal amounts of blood in the operating room. Arch Surg 2012; 147: 49-55.
• 12. T H Bothwell. Iron requirements in pregnancy and strategies to meet them. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72: 257-64
• 13. http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/11002/30404/30404.pdf
• 14. Toby Richards , Khaled M Musallam , Joseph Nassif , Ghina Ghazeeri , Muhieddine Seoud , Kurinchi S Gurusamy , Faek R Jamali.Impact of Preoperative Anaemia and Blood Transfusion on Postoperative Outcomes in Gynaecological Surgery. PLoS One 2015; 10: 130861
• 15. John Morrison , Snehal T Patel, Wendy Watson, Qasim R Zaidi, Antoinette Mangione, Thomas F Goss. Assessment of the prevalence and impact of anemia on women hospitalized for gynecologic conditions associated with heavy uterine bleeding. J Reprod Med 2008; 53: 323-30
• 16. WHO. The global anaemia prevalence in 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
• 17. Ana Pilar Betrán , Jianfeng Ye , Anne-Beth Moller , Jun Zhang , A Metin Gülmezoglu , Maria Regina Torloni . The Increasing Trend in Caesarean Section Rates: Global, Regional and National Estimates: 1990-2014. PLoS One 2016; 11: 148343
• 18. William M Callaghan , Elena V Kuklina, Cynthia J Berg. Trends in postpartum hemorrhage: United States, 1994-2006. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202: 353.
• 19. William K B A Owiredu , Derick N M Osakunor , Cornelius A Turpin , Osei Owusu-Afriyie . Laboratory prediction of primary postpartum haemorrhage: a comparative cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016; 16: 17
• 20. Sam Ononge , Florence Mirembe , Julius Wandabwa , Oona M R Campbell . Incidence and risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in Uganda. Reprod Health 2016; 13: 38.
• 21. Manisha Nair , Manoj K Choudhury , Saswati S Choudhury , Swapna D Kakoty , Umesh C Sarma , Premila Webster , Marian Knight . Association between maternal anaemia and pregnancy outcomes: a cohort study in Assam, India. BMJ Glob Health 2016; 1: 26
• 22. Ndola Prata , Sabry Hamza, Suzanne Bell, Deborah Karasek, Farnaz Vahidnia, Martine Holston. Inability to predict postpartum hemorrhage: insights from Egyptian intervention data. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2011; 11: 97
• 23. Julie Tort , Patrick Rozenberg , Mamadou Traoré , Pierre Fournier , Alexandre Dumont . Factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage maternal death in referral hospitals in Senegal and Mali: a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15: 235
• 24. Li B, Miners A, Shakur H, Roberts I; WOMAN Trial Collaborators. Tranexamic acid for treatment of women with post-partum haemorrhage in Nigeria and Pakistan: a cost-effectiveness analysis of data from the WOMAN trial. Lancet Glob Health 2018; 6: 222-8.
• 25. Giel van Stralen , Joost F von Schmidt Auf Altenstadt , Kitty W M Bloemenkamp , Jos van Roosmalen , Chantal W P M Hukkelhoven.Increasing incidence of postpartum hemorrhage: the Dutch piece of the puzzle. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2016; 95: 1104-10
• 26. WHO. WHO recommendations for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. Geneva: WHO; 2012
• 27. Fionnuala Breathnach , Michael Geary. Uterine atony: definition, prevention, nonsurgical management, and uterine tamponade. Semin Perinatol 2009; 33: 82-7.
• 28. Brian T Bateman , Mitchell F Berman, Laura E Riley, Lisa R Leffert. The epidemiology of postpartum hemorrhage in a large, nationwide sample of deliveries. Anesth Analg 2010; 110: 1368-73
• 29. P Reddi Rani, Jasmina Begum .Recent Advances in the Management of Major Postpartum Haemorrhage - A Review. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11: 1-5.
• 30. Justine A Kavle , Rebecca J Stoltzfus, Frank Witter, James M Tielsch, Sabra S Khalfan, Laura E Caulfield. Association between anaemia during pregnancy and blood loss at and after delivery among women with vaginal births in Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania. J Health Popul Nutr 2008; 26: 232-40
• 31. Mishra V, Thapa S, Retherford RD, Dai X Effect of iron supplementation during pregnancy on birthweight: evidence from Zimbabwe.Food Nutr Bull 2005; 26: 338-47.
• 32. C So-Osman , J Cicilia, A Brand, M Schipperus, B Berning, S Scherjon. Triggers and appropriateness of red blood cell transfusions in the postpartum patient--a retrospective audit. Vox Sang 2010; 98: 65-9
• 33. J A Patterson , C L Roberts, J P Isbister, D O Irving, M C Nicholl, J M Morris, J B Ford. What factors contribute to hospital variation in obstetric transfusion rates? Vox Sang 2015; 108: 37-45
• 34. J M Koelewijn , T G M Vrijkotte, M de Haas, C E van der Schoot, G J Bonsel. Risk factors for the presence of non-rhesus D red blood cell antibodies in pregnancy. BJOG 2009; 116: 655-64
• 35. https://www.blood.gov.au/system/files/documents/20180426-Module5-WEB.pdf
• 36. Olus Api , Christian Breyman , Mustafa Çetiner , Cansun Demir , Tevfik Ecder. . Diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy and the postpartum period: Iron deficiency anemia working group consensus report. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 12: 173-181
• 37. Stanworth SJ, New HV, Apelseth TO, Brunskill S, Cardigan R, Doree C, Germain M, Goldman M, Massey E, Prati D, Shehata N, So-Osman C, Thachil J. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on supply and use of blood for transfusion. Lancet Haematol 2020; 7: 756-64.
• 38. Serdar Günaydın , Donat R Spahn , Kanat Özışık , Aslı Demir , Göktan Aşkın , Doğan Emre Sert et al. Building a patient blood management program in a large-volume tertiary hospital setting: Problems and solutions. Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg 2020; 28: 560-9.
• 39. Dilek Unal , Yesim Senayli , Reyhan Polat , Donat R Spahn , Fevzı Toraman , Neslıhan Alkis et al. Peri-operative blood transfusion in elective major surgery: incidence, indications and outcome - an observational multicentre study. Blood Transfus 2020; 18: 261-79