Modelling of cultural ecosystem services through social media photos: The case of Eskişehir

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 94 - 105, 26.03.2020

E. Seda Arslan , Ömer K. Örücü

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.651453

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Natural and cultural landscapes contain many ecosystems that produce natural and cultural values in different geographies of the earth. Recently, ecosystem services have been handled by researchers from different disciplines, which generally could be explained as benefits from ecosystems. The mapping of these benefits and services produced by numerous ecosystems around the world provides an opportunity to express not only ecosystem potential and environmental factors associated with it, but also it is a very effective way of spatial expression of ecosystem services. In this research, social media photographs were used to model the spatial distribution of cultural ecosystem services. In the study carried out in Eskişehir province, geographically marked photographs tagged with the name Eskişehir in Flickr application on social media were evaluated and associated with environmental variables. ArcGIS as software based on geographical information system and MaxEnt is based on maximum entropy were integrated to each other for modelling cultural ecosystem services. According to this; land cover and land use are associated with roads, streams, cultural and natural landscape characteristics and have been modelled by combining landscape potential and user preferences (cultural ecosystem service potential). The statistical findings of the study receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Jackknife graphs prove the reliability of the model. As a result; it is thought that the data obtained from this study may help to model future scenarios based on cultural ecosystem services and to make decisions about planning and management of tourism or protected areas.

Keywords

Cultural ecosystem services, Eskişehir, Maximum entropy, Social media

Kültürel ekosistem hizmetlerinin sosyal medya fotoğrafları kullanılarak modellenmesi: Eskişehir örneği

Abstract

Yeryüzünün farklı coğrafyalarında yer alan peyzajlar bünyesinde doğal ve kültürel değerler üreten çok sayıda ekosistemi barındırırlar. Dünya üzerindeki sayısız ekosistemin ürettiği fayda ve hizmetlerin haritalanması ekosistem hizmetlerinin mekânsal ifadesinde çok etkili bir yol olması sebebiyle, hem ekosistem potansiyeli hem de söz konusu potansiyelle ilişkili çevresel faktörlerin ifade edilmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Bu araştırmada kültürel ekosistem hizmetlerinin mekânsal dağılımının modellenmesi amacıyla sosyal medya fotoğraflarından yararlanılmıştır. Eskişehir ili örneğinde gerçekleştirilen çalışmada sosyal medyada Flickr uygulamasında Eskişehir adı ile coğrafi olarak işaretlenmiş fotoğraflar değerlendirmeye alınarak çevresel değişkenler ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Araştırmada coğrafi bilgi sistemlerine dayanan ArcGIS ve Maksimum Entropi ile tür dağılımları modellemek için kullanılan MaxEnt yazılımı entegre şekilde kullanılmıştır. Buna göre; arazi örtüsü ve arazi kullanımı, mevcut yollar, akarsular, kültürel ve doğal peyzaj özellikleri ile ilişkilendirilmiş ve peyzajda var olan potansiyel ile kullanıcı tercihleri (kültürel ekosistem hizmet potansiyeli) birleştirilerek modellenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen alıcı işletim karakteristiği (ROC; receiver operating characteristic) eğrileri ve Jackknife grafikleri modelin güvenilirliğini kanıtlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda kültürel ekosistem hizmetleri açısından değerli alanların Eskişehir kent merkezinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların kültürel ekosistem hizmetlerine dayalı gelecek senaryolarının modellenmesine, turizm ya da korunan alanların planlanması ve yönetimi konularında karar vermede yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir. 

Keywords

Kültürel ekosistem hizmetleri, Eskişehir, Maksimum entropi, Sosyal medya

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