Changes in soil arthropod communities and soil biological quality along an elevation gradient in Taurus Fir forest

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 388 - 395, 29.12.2020

Meriç Çakır , Muhammet Ali Özata

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.816354

Abstract

Soil arthropods (Arthropoda) in forest ecosystems play an important role as primary and secondary consumers in the process of litter fragmentation and decomposition. Amount, diversity, and community structure of arthropods in the soil ecosystem reacts very quickly to changes in habitat characteristics. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the seasonal changes, diversity, and effects of soil biological quality of soil-dwelling arthropods in Taurus Fir (Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière) ecosystem at different altitudes. The study was carried out in pure fir stands between 1600-1730 meters (3 different altitudes) in Berçin highland (Tomarza-Kayseri) forests. Sampling made from the litter using a cylinder core 10 cm diameter and height was performed in winter, spring, summer, and autumn seasons. The amount, diversity, trophic structure, and soil biological quality (QBS) values of arthropods were determined in seasonal and different altitudes. QBS abbreviations for soil biological quality based on arthropod (arthropoda; QBS-ar) and Collembola (Collembola; QBS-C) communities. As a result of the study, in the distribution of arthropods according to the seasons, the highest number of individuals was found in summer, and in the distribution depending on altitude, the highest number of individuals was found at an altitude of 1613 m. No statistical difference was found between elevations in terms of diversity index. Soil biological quality both QBS-ar and QBS-C value decrease along an elevation gradient. Identified Collembola species are new records for Kayseri/ Berçin Highland while Protaphorura microsellata species are new records for Turkey.

Keywords

Soil fauna, Diversity, Abies, QBS, Elevation

Toros Göknarı ormanında yükselti boyunca toprak eklembacaklı komünitesindeki ve toprak biyolojik kalitesindeki değişim

Abstract

Orman ekosistemlerindeki toprak eklembacaklıları (Arthropoda), ölüörtünün parçalanması ve ayrışması sürecinde, birincil ve ikincil tüketiciler olarak önemli rol almaktadır. Toprak ekosistemindeki eklembacaklıların miktarı, çeşitliliği ve komünite yapısı; yetişme ortamı özelliklerinin değişimine çok hızlı tepki vermektedir. Bu çalışmada, Toros Göknarı (Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière) ekosisteminde yaşayan toprak eklembacaklılarının farklı yükseltilerde mevsimsel değişimleri, çeşitlilikleri ve biyolojik toprak kalitesine olan etkilerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Berçin Yaylası (Tomarza-Kayseri) saf göknar meşcerelerinde, 1600-1730 metre yükseltiler arasındaki (3 farklı yükseltide) yürütülmüştür. Ölü örtüden 10 cm çapında ve yüksekliğinde çelik silindir kullanılarak yapılan örnekleme kış, ilkbahar, yaz ve sonbahar mevsimlerinde yapılmıştır. Eklembacaklıların, mevsimsel ve farklı yükseltilerdeki miktarları, çeşitlilikleri, trofik yapıları ve toprak biyolojik kalitesi (QBS) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Toprak biyolojik kalitesi eklembacaklılar kullanılarak belirlenirse QBS-ar, Collembola taksonu kullanılarak belirlenirse QBS-C olarak adlandırılır. Çalışma sonucunda, eklembacaklıların mevsimlere göre dağılımında en fazla birey yaz mevsiminde, yükseltiye bağlı dağılımında ise en fazla birey 1613 m yükseltide bulunmuştur. Yükseltiler arasında çeşitlilik indeksi bakımından fark bulunamamıştır. Toprak biyolojik kalitesi hem QBS-ar hem de QBS-C değeri yükselti ile azalmaktadır. Teşhis edilen Collembola türleri Kayseri/ Berçin Yaylası için yeni kayıt iken Protaphorura microsellata türü Türkiye için yeni kayıttır.

Keywords

Toprak faunası, Çeşitlilik, Abies, QBS, Yükselti

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