The Breastfeeding in Adolescent Mothers

Year 2017, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 50 - 58, 20.03.2017

Gülşen Işık , Nuray Egelioğlu Cetişli

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.296329

Cited By: 2

Abstract

World Health
Organization defined the adolescent period between the ages of 10-19 and
declared that one out of every six people are adolescent. Physical and
psychological changes in this period might cause risky behaviors such as drug
abuse, sexual intercourse with no protection and unwanted pregnancy. Adolescent
pregnancies are an important health problem in both developed and developing
countries. Risk factors of adolescent pregnancy are complicated and
miscellaneous. Abortus, threat of premature birth, hypertension in pregnancy,
anemia, low weight of the newborn, congenital anomaly risk, increased neonatal
mortality and breast feeding problems are some of them. For adolescent mothers,
who are in a risky period for many aspects, low rates of starting and
continuing breast feeding is another important and neglected problem affecting
mother's and newborn's health negatively. Low socio-economic condition, absence
of partner, inadequate social support, negative support of parents and couple,
pain, cultural factors, lack of knowledge, negative experiences, breast feeding
intention, manner regarding breast feeding and self-sufficiency were reported
as factors affecting the breast feeding.

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, adölesan dönemini 10-19 yaşları arasındaki
dönem olarak tanımlamakta ve dünyada her altı kişiden birinin adölesan olduğunu
bildirmektedir. Bu dönemde gerçekleşen fiziksel ve psikolojik değişiklikler,
madde bağımlılığı, korunmasız cinsel ilişki ve istenmeyen gebelikler gibi bazı
riskli davranışlara neden olabilmektedir. Hem gelişmiş, hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde adölesan gebelikler
önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Adölesan gebeliğin risk faktörleri, çok yönlü ve
karmaşıktır. Abortus, erken doğum tehditi, gebelikte hipertansiyon, anemi,
düşük doğum ağırlığı, konjenital anomali riski, artmış neonatal mortalite ve
emzirme problemleri bunlar arasında sayılabilir. Birçok açıdan riskli bir
dönemde olan adölesan anneler arasında emzirmeye başlama, emzirmeye devam etme
oranlarının az olması da, anne ve bebeğin sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen ve göz
ardı edilen önemli sorunlardandır. Düşük sosyoekonomik durum, partner yokluğu,
sosyal destek yetersizliği, olumsuz anne ve eş desteği, ağrı, kültürel etkiler,
bilgi eksikliği, olumsuz deneyimler, emzirme niyeti, emzirmeye ilişkin tutum ve
öz-yeterlilik emzirmeyi etkileyen faktörler olarak belirtilmektedir. 

Keywords

adolescent, motherhood, breastfeeding

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