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Knowledge and Attitudes of Family Physician Residents About Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

Year 2024, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 381 - 387, 05.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1363517

Abstract

Introduction: The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted virus among men and women. Despite the established efficacy of HPV vaccines, their administration in our country is based upon individual preferences, as they are not yet incorporated into the national immunization program. Therefore, physician recommendations play a significant role in influencing individuals' attitudes about HPV vaccines. This study aimed to evaluate family physician residents' knowledge levels and attitudes regarding HPV and vaccines.
Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive study, between 15 December 2022 and 15 March 2023, a survey consisting of 19 questions was administered face-to-face to family physician residents receiving specialty training at Izmir Health Sciences University Tepecik Training and Research Hospital and Izmir Kâtip Celebi University Family Physician Clinics.
Results: In this study, 181 family physician residents participated. The median age of participants was 28 (min-max: 22-54)years, and 50.8% were men. Sixty-eight percent of physicians have previously recommended the HPV vaccine. The most common reasons for not recommending HPV vaccination before were insufficient knowledge about the vaccine (51.9%) and not encountering the patient with in the indication (48.1%). A statistically significant difference was found between the participants who had previously recommended HPV vaccination and those who had not, in terms of age, gender, residency duration in family physician, whether they had HPV vaccination themselves, and their knowledge of HPV vaccines on the market (p<0,001, p=0,024, p<0,001,p<0,001, p<0,001, respectively).Also, it was observed that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the awareness rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, which are diseases caused by HPV (p=0.014, p<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: In our research, it was observed that there was a relationship between family physician residents’ knowledge levels and attitudes about HPV and vaccines. Considering that family physicians are of primary importance in increasing vaccination rates, there is a need for interventions to increase their knowledge and abilities about vaccines with in the specialty training of resident physicians who will be the family physicians of the future.

Ethical Statement

Bu araştırma için İzmir Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu'ndan onay alınmıştır (Onay No: 2022/11-31).

References

  • 1. Plummer M, Schiffman M, Castle PE, Maucort-Boulch D, Wheeler CM; ALTS Group. A 2-year prospective study of human papillomavirüs persistence among women with a cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intra epithelial lesion. J Infect Dis2007;195(11):1582-1589.doi:10.1086/516784.
  • 2. Rodríguez AC, Schiffman M, Herrero R, Wacholder S, Hildesheim A, Castle PE, et al. Rapid clearance of human papillomavirus and implications for clinical focus on persistent infections. J Natl Cancer Inst2008;100(7):513-517. doi:10.1093/jnci/djn044.
  • 3. Food and Drug Administration. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. 2018. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/human-papillomavirus-vaccineErişim tarihi:02.09.2023.
  • 4. Türkiye İlaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Kurumu. Ruhsatlı ürünler listesi. 2023. https://www.titck.gov.tr/dinamikmodul/85Erişim tarihi:02.09.2023.
  • 5. Ozyer S, Uzunlar O, Ozler S,Kaymak O, Baser E, Gungor T, et al. Awareness of Turkish female adolescents and young women about HPV and their attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev2013;14(8):4877-4881.doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4877.
  • 6. Özdemir J, Yücel M, Kızılkaya S, Yıldırım G, Özyiğit I, Yuluğ kural Z. HPV, HPV vaccination worldwide and current status of HPV vaccination in Turkey: a literatüre review. Turk Med Stud J 2022;9(2):48-54.doi: 10.4274/tmsj.galenos.2022.09.02.01.
  • 7. Özkaya Parlakay A, Yiğit M, Gülhan B, Bedirhan T, Kanık Yüksek S. Üçüncü Basamak Çocuk Hastanesinde Çalışan Hekimlerin Meningokok, Rotavirüs, Human Papilloma Virüs Aşıları İle İlgili Görüşleri, Aşı Reddi İle Karşılaşma Sıklığı ve Sık Karşılaştığı Aşı Reddi Nedenlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg 2020;14: 264-267.doi: 10.12956/tchd.726251.
  • 8. Taşar S, Bal Yüksel E, Sağcan D, Karadağ Öncel E, Kara Aksay A, Yılmaz Çiftdoğan D. Knowledge and Attitudes of Pediatricians towards The Human Papilloma VirusVaccines. Forbes J Med 2021; 2:19-24.doi: 10.5222/forbes.2021.69875.
  • 9. Ozsurekci Y, KaradagOncel E, Bayhan C, Celik M, Ozkaya Parlakay A, Arvas M, et al. Knowledge and attitudes about human papillomaviruses and immunization among Turkish pediatricians. Asian Pac J CancerPrev2013;14(12):7325-7329.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7325.
  • 10. Revanlı R, Yüceer C, Şenol E, Azap A, Erbay A, Çavuş Alp S, et al. Aile Hekimlerinin İnsan Papilloma Virusu ve Zona Aşıları Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Tutumlarının Araştırılması. Klimik Dergisi2016; 29(1):15- 20.doi: 10.5152/kd.2016.04.
  • 11. Özbakır Acar N, Özşahin A, Edirne T. Knowledge, and attitudes of primary health care workers about cervicalc ancer and HPV vaccine. Pam Med J 2019; 12:457-466.Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.31362/patd.518792.
  • 12. Avcı D, Kuş C, Gümüştakim RŞ, Ayhan Başer D, Eryilmaz ME.Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of family physicians about childhood vaccinations that are not in the routine vaccination schedule: a cross-sectional study. Primary Health Care Research& Development 2023;24(e2): 1–11. doi:10.1017/S1463423622000688.
  • 13. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human papillomavirus vaccination for adults: updated recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal WklyRep2019;68(32):698-702. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6832a3.
  • 14. Robinson CL, Bernstein H, Poehling K, Romero JR, Szilagyi P. AdvisoryCommittee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Children and Adolescents Aged 18 Years or Younger- United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69(5):130-132. Doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6905a3.
  • 15. American Academy of Pediatrics. Human Papillomaviruses. In: Kimberlin DW, Barnett ED, Lynfield R, Sawyer MH, eds. RedBook: 2021 Report of theCommittee on Infectious Diseases. Itasca, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics: 2021:440-447.
  • 16. Quinlan JD. Human Papillomavirus: Screening, Testing, andPrevention. Am Fam Physician 2021;104(2):152-159.
  • 17. Akovaİ, Ekici KoşaroğluN, Kılıç E. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of primary health care workers regarding HPV infection and prevention: an example from Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care2023; 17(3): 407-415.Doi: https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1310981.
  • 18. Çataklı T, Duyan-Çamurdan A, Aksakal-Baran FN, Güven AE, Beyazova U. Attitudes of physicians concerning vaccines not included in the national immunization schedule. Turk J Pediatr2018;60(3):290-297. doi:10.24953/turkjped.2018.03.009.
  • 19. Adıgüzel A, Akgül S, Düzçeker Y, Derman O,Kanbur N. Çocuk hekimlerinin human papilloma virus aşıları hakkındaki bilgi ve eğilimleri. Çocuk Sağlığı Hastalıkları Dergisi 2018;61:53- 58.
  • 20. Tolunay O, Celik U, Karaman SS,Celik T, Resitoglu S, Donmezer C, et al. Awareness and attitude relating to the human papilloma virüs and its vaccines among pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology specialists in Turkey. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev2014; 15(24):10723–10728.doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.24.10723.
  • 21. Kasting ML, Scherr CL, Ali KN, Lake P, Malo TL, Johns T, et al. Human PapillomavirusVaccination Training ExperienceAmong Family Medicine Residents and Faculty. FamMed2017;49(9):714-722.
  • 22. Hansen K, Ward M, Avashia S, Duc J, Spielberg F. What Impacts HPV Vaccination Recommendations? An Exploration of Medical Residents' Knowledge, Training, Barriers, and Practices. Fam Med 2020;52(10):745-751. doi:10.22454/FamMed.2020.132480.
  • 23. Szilagyi PG, Humiston SG, Stephens-Shields AJ,Localio R, Breck A, Kelly MK, et al. Effect of Training Pediatric Clinicians in Human Papillomavirus Communication Strategies on Human PapillomavirusVaccination Rates: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr 2021;175(9):901-910.doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0766.)

Aile Hekimliği Asistanlarının Human Papillomavirüs Aşıları Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Tutumları

Year 2024, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 381 - 387, 05.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1363517

Abstract

Giriş:Human papillomavirüs (HPV) erkeklerde ve kadınlarda en sık cinsel yolla bulaşan viral enfeksiyon etkenidir. HPV aşılarının etkinliği kanıtlanmış olsa da ülkemizde ulusal bağışıklama programında yer almaması nedeniyle bireylerin istediği doğrultusunda yapılmaktadır. Bu nedenle hekimlerin önerisi bireylerin HPV aşıları ile ilgili tutumlarını etkileyen temel nedenlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada aile hekimliği asistanlarının HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşılaması ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem:Kesitsel, tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmada, İzmir Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi ve İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Aile Hekimliği Kliniklerinde uzmanlık eğitimi almakta olan aile hekimliği asistanlarına 15 Aralık 2022 – 15 Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze 19 sorudan oluşan anket uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular:Araştırmaya 181 aile hekimliği asistanı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortancası 28 (min-maks: 22-54) yıl olup, %50,8’i erkeklerden oluşmuştur. Hekimlerin %68,5’i daha önce HPV aşısını önermiştir. Daha önce HPV aşısı önermeme nedenleri arasında en sık aşı ile ilgili yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olmama (%51,9) ve endikasyon dahilindeki hasta ile karşılaşmama (%48,1) yer almıştır. Daha önce HPV aşısı öneren ve önermeyen katılımcılar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, aile hekimliğindeki asistanlık süreleri, kendilerine HPV aşısı yaptırmaları ve piyasadaki HPV aşılarını bilmeleri açısındanistatiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (sırasıyla, p<0,001, p=0,024, p<0,001, p<0,001, p<0,001, p<0,001, p<0,001). Yine gruplar arasında HPV’nin neden olduğu hastalıklardan servikal intraepitelyal neoplazive serviks kanserinin bilinme oranları arasındaistatiksel anlamlı fark olduğugörülmüştür (sırasıyla, p=0,014, p<0,001).
Sonuç:Araştırmamızda aile hekimliği asistanlarının HPV ve aşıları ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri ile tutumları arasında ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Aile hekimlerinin, aşılanma oranlarının arttırılmasında merkezi öneme sahip olduğu göz önüne alındığında, geleceğin aile hekimleri olacak asistan hekimlere yönelik uzmanlık eğitimi içerisinde HPV aşıları ile ilgili bilgi ve becerilerini artırmaya yönelik müdahalelere ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • 1. Plummer M, Schiffman M, Castle PE, Maucort-Boulch D, Wheeler CM; ALTS Group. A 2-year prospective study of human papillomavirüs persistence among women with a cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intra epithelial lesion. J Infect Dis2007;195(11):1582-1589.doi:10.1086/516784.
  • 2. Rodríguez AC, Schiffman M, Herrero R, Wacholder S, Hildesheim A, Castle PE, et al. Rapid clearance of human papillomavirus and implications for clinical focus on persistent infections. J Natl Cancer Inst2008;100(7):513-517. doi:10.1093/jnci/djn044.
  • 3. Food and Drug Administration. Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. 2018. https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/human-papillomavirus-vaccineErişim tarihi:02.09.2023.
  • 4. Türkiye İlaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Kurumu. Ruhsatlı ürünler listesi. 2023. https://www.titck.gov.tr/dinamikmodul/85Erişim tarihi:02.09.2023.
  • 5. Ozyer S, Uzunlar O, Ozler S,Kaymak O, Baser E, Gungor T, et al. Awareness of Turkish female adolescents and young women about HPV and their attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev2013;14(8):4877-4881.doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4877.
  • 6. Özdemir J, Yücel M, Kızılkaya S, Yıldırım G, Özyiğit I, Yuluğ kural Z. HPV, HPV vaccination worldwide and current status of HPV vaccination in Turkey: a literatüre review. Turk Med Stud J 2022;9(2):48-54.doi: 10.4274/tmsj.galenos.2022.09.02.01.
  • 7. Özkaya Parlakay A, Yiğit M, Gülhan B, Bedirhan T, Kanık Yüksek S. Üçüncü Basamak Çocuk Hastanesinde Çalışan Hekimlerin Meningokok, Rotavirüs, Human Papilloma Virüs Aşıları İle İlgili Görüşleri, Aşı Reddi İle Karşılaşma Sıklığı ve Sık Karşılaştığı Aşı Reddi Nedenlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg 2020;14: 264-267.doi: 10.12956/tchd.726251.
  • 8. Taşar S, Bal Yüksel E, Sağcan D, Karadağ Öncel E, Kara Aksay A, Yılmaz Çiftdoğan D. Knowledge and Attitudes of Pediatricians towards The Human Papilloma VirusVaccines. Forbes J Med 2021; 2:19-24.doi: 10.5222/forbes.2021.69875.
  • 9. Ozsurekci Y, KaradagOncel E, Bayhan C, Celik M, Ozkaya Parlakay A, Arvas M, et al. Knowledge and attitudes about human papillomaviruses and immunization among Turkish pediatricians. Asian Pac J CancerPrev2013;14(12):7325-7329.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.12.7325.
  • 10. Revanlı R, Yüceer C, Şenol E, Azap A, Erbay A, Çavuş Alp S, et al. Aile Hekimlerinin İnsan Papilloma Virusu ve Zona Aşıları Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Tutumlarının Araştırılması. Klimik Dergisi2016; 29(1):15- 20.doi: 10.5152/kd.2016.04.
  • 11. Özbakır Acar N, Özşahin A, Edirne T. Knowledge, and attitudes of primary health care workers about cervicalc ancer and HPV vaccine. Pam Med J 2019; 12:457-466.Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.31362/patd.518792.
  • 12. Avcı D, Kuş C, Gümüştakim RŞ, Ayhan Başer D, Eryilmaz ME.Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of family physicians about childhood vaccinations that are not in the routine vaccination schedule: a cross-sectional study. Primary Health Care Research& Development 2023;24(e2): 1–11. doi:10.1017/S1463423622000688.
  • 13. Meites E, Szilagyi PG, Chesson HW, Unger ER, Romero JR, Markowitz LE. Human papillomavirus vaccination for adults: updated recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal WklyRep2019;68(32):698-702. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6832a3.
  • 14. Robinson CL, Bernstein H, Poehling K, Romero JR, Szilagyi P. AdvisoryCommittee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Children and Adolescents Aged 18 Years or Younger- United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69(5):130-132. Doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6905a3.
  • 15. American Academy of Pediatrics. Human Papillomaviruses. In: Kimberlin DW, Barnett ED, Lynfield R, Sawyer MH, eds. RedBook: 2021 Report of theCommittee on Infectious Diseases. Itasca, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics: 2021:440-447.
  • 16. Quinlan JD. Human Papillomavirus: Screening, Testing, andPrevention. Am Fam Physician 2021;104(2):152-159.
  • 17. Akovaİ, Ekici KoşaroğluN, Kılıç E. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of primary health care workers regarding HPV infection and prevention: an example from Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care2023; 17(3): 407-415.Doi: https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1310981.
  • 18. Çataklı T, Duyan-Çamurdan A, Aksakal-Baran FN, Güven AE, Beyazova U. Attitudes of physicians concerning vaccines not included in the national immunization schedule. Turk J Pediatr2018;60(3):290-297. doi:10.24953/turkjped.2018.03.009.
  • 19. Adıgüzel A, Akgül S, Düzçeker Y, Derman O,Kanbur N. Çocuk hekimlerinin human papilloma virus aşıları hakkındaki bilgi ve eğilimleri. Çocuk Sağlığı Hastalıkları Dergisi 2018;61:53- 58.
  • 20. Tolunay O, Celik U, Karaman SS,Celik T, Resitoglu S, Donmezer C, et al. Awareness and attitude relating to the human papilloma virüs and its vaccines among pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology specialists in Turkey. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev2014; 15(24):10723–10728.doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.24.10723.
  • 21. Kasting ML, Scherr CL, Ali KN, Lake P, Malo TL, Johns T, et al. Human PapillomavirusVaccination Training ExperienceAmong Family Medicine Residents and Faculty. FamMed2017;49(9):714-722.
  • 22. Hansen K, Ward M, Avashia S, Duc J, Spielberg F. What Impacts HPV Vaccination Recommendations? An Exploration of Medical Residents' Knowledge, Training, Barriers, and Practices. Fam Med 2020;52(10):745-751. doi:10.22454/FamMed.2020.132480.
  • 23. Szilagyi PG, Humiston SG, Stephens-Shields AJ,Localio R, Breck A, Kelly MK, et al. Effect of Training Pediatric Clinicians in Human Papillomavirus Communication Strategies on Human PapillomavirusVaccination Rates: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr 2021;175(9):901-910.doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.0766.)
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Preventative Health Care, Family Medicine
Journal Section Orijinal Articles
Authors

Aslıhan Sahin 0000-0002-2082-3907

İlayda Su Büber Düztaş 0000-0002-9552-3079

Elçin Keser 0009-0006-9211-3839

Eda Sarı Koç 0009-0008-4415-0453

Dilek Yılmaz Çiftdoğan 0000-0002-1065-9066

Kurtuluş Öngel 0000-0002-8846-2810

Haluk Mergen 0000-0001-6628-7321

Eda Karadağ Öncel 0000-0001-6488-8641

Early Pub Date August 26, 2024
Publication Date September 5, 2024
Submission Date September 21, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Sahin A, Büber Düztaş İS, Keser E, Sarı Koç E, Yılmaz Çiftdoğan D, Öngel K, Mergen H, Karadağ Öncel E. Aile Hekimliği Asistanlarının Human Papillomavirüs Aşıları Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Tutumları. TJFMPC. 2024;18(3):381-7.

English or Turkish manuscripts from authors with new knowledge to contribute to understanding and improving health and primary care are welcome.