Dijital epidemiyoloji

Year 2020, , 192 - 203, 31.08.2020

Gamze Bayın Donar

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.656035

Abstract

Dijital epidemiyoloji, bilimsel bilgiye ve dijital araçlara daha fazla erişim ile gelişen yenilikçi bir bilimsel disiplindir. Belirli toplumlardaki sağlıkla ilgili durumların dağılımının ve sağlığın belirleyicilerinin çevrimiçi platformlar aracılığı ile elde edilmesi ve bu bilginin sağlığı geliştirmek ve hastalığı önlemek için kullanılmasıdır. Bu yeni yaklaşım, halk sağlığıyla ilgili bilgilerin, sağlık hizmeti sistemine dahil olmaları gerekmeden, doğrudan halk tarafından çevrimiçi hizmetleri kullanmaları yoluyla üretildiği fikrine dayanmaktadır. Web arama kayıtları, sohbet odaları, sosyal ağlar, bloglar ve çevrimiçi haber medyası; bu çevrimiçi araçlardandır. Bazı bulaşıcı ve kronik hastalık verileri, bu veri kaynakları aracılığıyla tespit edilebilmekte ve sağlık davranış ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi, hastalık salgınlarının erken tespiti gibi birçok epidemiyolojik amaç için kullanılabilmektedir. Yapılan araştırmalar, dünyadaki gerçek hastalık epidemiyolojisine paralel olarak birçok hastalığı ve tedaviyi tahmin etmek için güvenilir bir araç olabileceğine dair artan sonuçlar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında dijital epidemiyoloji kavramına, uygulamalarına, fırsat ve zorluklarına değinilerek, bu alanda yapılan araştırmaların bulgularının sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Böylelikle, bu yeni alanın sağlık politikacılarına, halk sağlığı uzmanlarına, araştırmacılara sağladığı fırsatlar ve getirdiği varsayım ve zorluklar hakkında bir temel oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Epidemiyoloji, dijital epidemiyoloji, halk sağlığı

Digital epidemiology

Abstract

Digital epidemiology is an innovative scientific discipline that develops with greater access to scientific knowledge and digital tools. The distribution of health related situations in certain societies and the determinants of health are obtained through online platforms and is used to improve health and prevent disease. This new approach is based on the idea that public health information is produced directly by the public using online services without having to be included in the health care system. Web search records, chat rooms, social networks, blogs and online news media are among these online tools. Some infectious and chronic disease data can be identified through these data sources and can be used for many epidemiological purposes such as assessment of health behaviors and attitudes, early detection of disease outbreaks. Researches has shown increasing parallel evidence that it can be a reliable tool for predicting many diseases and treatments in line with actual disease epidemiology in the world. In this study, it is aimed to present the findings of the researches in this field by addressing the concept of digital epidemiology, its applications, opportunities and difficulties. In this way, it has been tried to provide a basis for the opportunities and assumptions and difficulties that this new field provides for health politicians, public health experts and researchers.

Keywords

Epidemiology, digital epidemiology, public health

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