Türkiye’de bir üçüncü basamak hastanede sağlık çalışanlarında SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalansı

Year 2022, , 117 - 128, 01.04.2022

Erhan Eser , Sebnem Senol , Sinem Akçalı , Talat Ecemiş , Pınar Dündar , Kübra Çiçek , Damla Akman , Ecem Tüzün , Gülsüm Şanlı Erkekoğlu , Zeynep Buran , Zeynep Öztürk , Ferya Karadağ

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.981404

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, salgının ilk dalgasında (Mart-Temmuz 2020) Türkiye’deki bir üniversite hastanesinde sağlık çalışanlarının SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyon sıklığı ve seroprevalansını araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki salgının ilk aşamasında (Mart-Temmuz 2020) üçüncü basamak bir hastanedeki çalışan sağlık çalışanlarında yapılan SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalans çalışmasıdır. Virüsün spike yapısına karşı IgM ve IgG antikorların varlığı Kemilüminesan enzim immünoassay (CLIA) yöntemi ile hazır ticari antikor kiti (COV2T, Siemens®, Tarrytown, NY, US), kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri, sağlık durumu, yaşam tarzı, sosyal ve mesleki riskli davranışları, kişisel koruyucu ekipman (KKE) kullanımı çalışmanın bağımsız değişkenleridir. Tek değişkenli analizlerde Ki-kare ve Fisher’in kesin testi kullanılmış ve tip 1 hata değeri 0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Analizler SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular : Toplam 1702 sağlık çalışanından 1177’si çalışmaya katılmış, katılım oranı %69.1 olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 35.3 ± 9.8 , %62.7’si kadındır. Nükleik asit amplifikasyon testi (NAAT-PCR) veya antikor testi (Elisa) ile tespit edilen SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyon sıklığı (18/1177) %1.5; SARS-CoV-2’nin seroprevalansı %1.01’dir. Tüm SARS -CoV-2 vakalarının %17’si asemptomatiktir. En yüksek enfeksiyon prevalansı yardımcı sağlık çalışanlarında (%3.7) diğer gruplara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir. Son 15 gün içinde sağlık çalışanları ve aile bireylerinde herhangi bir semptom olmaması, aşırı kilolu veya obez olması ve sürveyans birimine temaslı kişi olarak başvurmuş olması SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu arasında anlamlı düzeyde ilişkilidir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Salgının ilk aşamasında enfeksiyon oranı ve seroprevalans düşüktür. Düşük eğitim seviyesi ve obez olmak, sağlık çalışanlarında SARS-CoV-2 ile enfekte olma olasılığını artmaktadır.

Keywords

SARS -CoV-2, sağlık çalışanları, seroprevalans çalışmaları, enfeksiyon, Türkiye

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in health care workers in a third level hospital in Turkey

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the previous four months (March-July 2020) SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, seroprevalence and the variables affecting these in HCWs in a university hospital. Methods: The present study is a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study on HCWs working in a tertiary hospital during the first stage (March-July 2020) of the outbreak in Turkey. The presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against the spike structure of the virus was investigated by the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLIA) method using the commercial antibody kit (COV2T, Siemens®, Tarrytown, NY, US). Participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle, risky occupational and social and personal protective equipment (PPE) usage were independent variables of the study. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used in univariate analyzes, and accepted type 1 error value was 0.05. The analyzes were made using the SPSS 23.0 package program. Results: 1177 out of a total of 1702 health workers participated in the study. Participation rate was 69.1% . The mean age of the study group was 35.3 ± 9.8 and 62.7% were females. SARS-CoV-2 infection rate detected by nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT-PCR) or antibody test (Elisa) was (18/1177) 1.5%; The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 1.01%. 17% of the entire SARS-CoV-2 cases were asymptomatic. The highest infection prevalence was significantly higher in auxiliary health workers (3.7%) compared to other groups. The presence of symptoms HCW’s and their family members that did not exist before in the last 15 days, being overweight or obese and consulting as contacted person in survelliance unit were significantly related to having SARS-CoV-2 infection (p<0.05). Conclusion: The infection rate and seroprevalence was low in the first stage of the outbreak. Low level of education and being obese increase possibility of infected by SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2, health personnel, seroepidemiologic studies, infections, Turkey

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