Gerçek Ötesi Dönemde Türkiye’deki Lisans Öğrencilerinin Haber Tüketim ve Paylaşım Davranışları

Year 2022, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 334 - 359, 30.09.2022

Yurdagül Ünal , İpek Şencan , Serap Kurbanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.24146/tk.1081859

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki lisans öğrencilerinin haber tüketim ve paylaşım davranışlarını araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, Türkiye’deki vakıf ve devlet üniversitelerinde lisans düzeyinde öğrenim görmekte olan öğrenciler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem seçiminde kota örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Haziran-Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi anket uygulanarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS yazılımı kullanılmış olup, bulguların sunumunda betimsel istatistiklerden ve ki-kare testinden yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların büyük bir çoğunluğu medya, haber ve bilgi okuryazarlığı konularında herhangi bir eğitim almamıştır. Haberleri aktif olarak takip edenlerin oranı %93 olup, en çok tercih edilen haber kaynakları Twitter, çevrimiçi haber siteleri ve gazeteler ile televizyondur. Tüm haber kaynakları arasında en az güvenilen kaynak sosyal medyadır. Medya, haber ya da bilgi okuryazarlığı konularının herhangi birinden eğitim alanların yaklaşık %70’i haberin kaynağını ya da platformunu kontrol etmektedir. Katılımcıların yarısı gazetecilerin haberlere kendi ön yargılarını yansıttığını düşünmektedir. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de haber medyasının tarafsız olduğuna inananların oranı sadece %5’tir. Koronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemisinin başlamasıyla birlikte katılımcıların %75’i daha sık haber takip etmeye başlamıştır.
Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular, lisans öğrencilerinin haber tüketim davranışlarının küresel haber tüketim davranışlarıyla uyumlu olduğunu ve özellikle haber doğrulama yöntem ve tekniklerini ele alan iyi planlanmış bir eğitim programına ihtiyaç duyduklarını göstermektedir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın özgün yanını, Türkiye’de üniversitede öğrenim gören gençlere odaklanarak onların haber tüketim ve paylaşım davranışlarını ele alması oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

Gerçek ötesi, haber okuryazarlığı, sahte haber, haber tüketimi, mezenformasyon, dezenformasyon

News Consumption and Sharing Behaviors of Undergraduate Students in Turkey in the Post-Truth Era

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate news consumption and sharing behaviors of university students in Turkey.
Method: The research was carried out on the students who are studying at the undergraduate level at foundation and state universities in Turkey. Quota sampling was used in sample selection. Data were collected by applying an online survey between June and July 2020. SPSS software was used in the analysis of the data, and descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used in the presentation of the findings.
Findings: Most of the participants did not receive any training on media, news and information literacy. 93% of the participants follow the news actively, and the most preferred news sources are Twitter, online news sites and newspapers, and television. Among all news sources, the least trusted source is social media. Approximately 70% of those educated in media, news or information literacy check the source or platform of the news. Half of the participants think that journalists reflect their own prejudices on the news. In addition, the rate of those who believe that the news media is impartial is only 5%. With the onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 75% of the participants started to follow the news more frequently.
Implications: Findings seem to be in line with global news consumption behaviors of university students and indicate a need for a well-planned training program which specifically addresses news verification methods and techniques.
Originality: The original aspect of this study is that it focuses on young people studying at universities in Turkey and deals with their news consumption and sharing behaviors

Keywords

Post-truth, news literacy, fake news, news consumption, disinformation, misinformation

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