Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 125 - 134, 04.01.2024

Ebru Düşmezkalender , Cihan Seçilmiş , Veysel Yılmaz , Omar Youssef

https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1363574

Abstract

References

  • Aleshinloye, K. D., Woosnam, K. M., Erul, E., Suess, C., Kong, I & Boley, B. B. (2021). Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment?, Current Issues in Tourism, 24 (23), pp. 3372–3386. DOI:10.1080/13683500.2021.1881051.
  • Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C.A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (4), pp. 1056-1076.
  • Ap, J. (1992). Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19 (4), pp. 665-690.
  • Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 16 (1), pp. 74-94.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88 (3), pp. 588–606.
  • Boley, B. B., Strzelecka, M., & Woosnam, K. M. (2018). Resident perceptions of the economic benefits of tourism: Toward a common measure. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42 (8), pp. 1295-1314.
  • Choi, C., & Murray, I. (2010). Resident attitudes towards sustainable community tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18 (4), pp. 575–594.
  • Cooke, R., & Szumal, J. (1993). Measuring normative beliefs and shared behavioural expectations in organizations: The reliability and validity of the organizational culture inventory. Psychological Reports, 72, pp. 1299-1330.
  • Durkheim, E. (1995 [1915]). The Elementary Forms of The Religious Life, New York: Free Press.
  • Dyer, P., Gursoy, D., Sharma, B., & Carter, J. (2007). Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia. Tourism Management, 28 (2), pp. 409-422.
  • Erul, E., Woosnam, K. M., & McIntosh, W. A. (2020). Considering emotional solidarity and the Theory of Planned Behavior in explaining behavioral intentions to support tourism development. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28 (8), pp. 1158-1173.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), pp. 39-50.
  • Gu, M., & Wong, P. P. (2006). Residents’ perception of tourism impacts: A case study of homestay operators in Dachangshan Dao, North-East China. Tourism Geographies, 8, pp. 253-273.
  • Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), pp. 79-105.
  • Gursoy, D., Boğan, E., Dedeoğlu, B. B., & Çalışkan, C. (2019). Residents' perceptions of hotels' corporate social responsibilityinitiatives and its impact on residents' sentiments to community and support for additional tourism development. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 39, pp. 117-128.
  • Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2010). Locals’ attitudes toward mass and alternative tourism: The case of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 49 (3), pp. 381–394.
  • Gursoy, D., Ouyang, Z., Nunkoo, R., & Wei, W., (2019). Residents’ impact perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism development: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Hospıtality Marketing & Management, 28 (3), pp. 306-333.
  • Gursoy, D., & Rutherford, D. G. (2004). Host attitudes toward tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31 (3), pp. 495-516.
  • Hair, J., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th Edition, NJ: Prentice Hall. Hasani, A., Moghavvemi, S., & Hamzah, A. (2016). The impact of emotional solidarity on residents’ attitude and tourism development. PLOS ONE, 11 (6), 1-14.
  • Hayduk, L.A. (1987). Structural equation modeling with LISREL: Essentials and Advances. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Jaafar, M., Ismail, S., & Rasoolimanesh, M. S. (2015). Perceived social effects of tourism development: A case study of Kinabalu National Park. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 10 (2), pp. 5-20.
  • Joo, D., Tasci, A. D., Woosnam, K. M., Maruyama, N. U., Hollas, C. R., & Aleshinloye, K. D. (2018). Residents' attitude towards domestic tourists explained by contact, emotional solidarity and social distance. Tourism Management, 64, 245-257.
  • Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., & Williams, D. R. (1997). A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of travel research, 36(2), 3-11.
  • Khizindar, T. M. (2012). Effects of tourism on residents' quality of life in Saudi Arabia: An empirical study. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 21(6), 617-637.
  • Lai, I. K. W., & Hitchcock, M. (2017). Local reactions to mass tourism and community tourism development in Macau. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(4), 451-470.
  • Lan, T., Zheng, Z., Tian, D., Zhang, R., Law, R., & Zhang, M. (2021). Resident-tourist value co-creation in the intangible cultural heritage tourism context: The role of residents’ perception of tourism development and emotional solidarity. Sustainability, 13(3), 1369.
  • Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism management, 34, 37-46.
  • Li, S., Liu, M., & Wei, M. (2021). Host sincerity and tourist environmentally responsible behavior: The mediating role of tourists’ emotional solidarity with hosts. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100548.
  • Li, X., & Wan, Y. K. P. (2017). Residents’ support for festivals: Integration of emotional solidarity. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(4), 517-535.
  • McCool, S. F., & Martin, S. R. (1994). Community attachment and attitudes toward tourism development. Journal of Travel research, 32(3), 29-34.
  • Moghavvemi, S., Woosnam, K. M., Paramanathan, T., Musa, G., & Hamzah, A. (2017). The effect of residents’ personality, emotional solidarity, and community commitment on support for tourism development. Tourism Management, 63, 242-254.
  • Northcote, J., & Macbeth, J. (2005). Limitations of Resident Perception Surveys for Understanding Tourism Social Impacts The Need for Triangulation. Tourism Recreation Research, 30(2), 43-54.
  • Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011). Residents’ satisfaction with community attributes and support for tourism. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 35(2), 171-190.
  • Phuc, H. N., & Nguyen, H. M. (2023). The importance of collaboration and emotional solidarity in residents’ support for sustainable urban tourism: Case study Ho Chi Minh City. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(2), 245-264.
  • Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Jaafar, M. (2017). Sustainable tourism development and residents’ perceptions in World Heritage Site destinations. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(1), 34-48.
  • Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ringle, C. M., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2017). Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development. Tourism management, 60, 147-158.
  • Ribeiro, M. A., Woosnam, K. M., Pinto, P., & Silva, J. A. (2018). Tourists’ destination loyalty through emotional solidarity with residents: An integrative moderated mediation model. Journal of Travel Research, 57(3), 279-295.
  • Rivera, M., Croes, R., & Lee, S. H. (2016). Tourism development and happiness: A residents’ perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(1), 5-15.
  • Scott, J. E. (1995). The measurement of information systems effectiveness: evaluating a measuring instrument. ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 26(1), 43-61.
  • Soyak, C. (2003). Alanya'da turizm ve kentsel mekânlar. Akdeniz Kültürleri Araştırma Derneği.
  • Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E. M. (2014). Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism management, 45, 260-274.
  • Stylidis, D., Woosnam, K. M., & Ivkov, M. (2020). Tourists’ emotional solidarity with residents: A segmentation analysis and its links to destination image and loyalty. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 17, 100458.
  • Van Maanen, J. E., & Schein, E. H. (1977). Toward a theory of organizational socialization.
  • Staw, B. M., & Sutton, R. I. (Eds.). (2000). Research in organizational behavior. Elsevier.
  • Wang, S., Berbekova, A., & Uysal, M. (2021). Is this about feeling? The interplay of emotional well-being, solidarity, and residents’ attitude. Journal of Travel Research, 60(6), 1180-1195.
  • Wang, Y., & Pfister, R. E. (2008). Residents' attitudes toward tourism and perceived personal benefits in a rural community. Journal of Travel Research, 47(1), 84-93.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Norman, W. C., & Ying, T. (2009). Exploring the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity between residents and tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 48(2), 245-258.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Norman, W. C., & Ying, T. (2009). Exploring the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity between residents and tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 48(2), 245-258.
  • Woosnam, K. M., & Norman, W. C. (2010). Measuring residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists: Scale development of Durkheim’s theoretical constructs. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 365-380.
  • Woosnam, K. M. (2011). Testing a model of Durkheim’s theory of emotional solidarity among residents of a tourism community. Journal of Travel Research, 50(5), 546-558.
  • Woosnam, K. M. (2012). Using emotional solidarity to explain residents’ attitudes about tourism and tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 315-327.
  • Woosnam, K. M., & Aleshinloye, K. D. (2013). Can tourists experience emotional solidarity with residents? Testing Durkheim’s model from a new perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 52(4), 494-505.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Aleshinloye, K. D., Van Winkle, C. M., & Qian, W. (2014). Applying and expanding the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity in a festival context. Event Management, 18(2), 141-151.
  • Yu, C. P., Cole, S. T., & Chancellor, C. (2018). Resident support for tourism development in rural midwestern (USA) communities: Perceived tourism impacts and community quality of life perspective. Sustainability, 10(3), 802.
  • Zaei, M. E., & Zaei, M. E. (2013). The impacts of tourism industry on host community. European journal of tourism hospitality and research, 1(2), 12-21.
  • Zaman, U., & Aktan, M. (2021). Examining residents’ cultural intelligence, place image and foreign tourist attractiveness: A mediated-moderation model of support for tourism development in Cappadocia (Turkey). Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 393-404.
  • Zhang, M., Zhang, G., & Liu, H. (2021). Analysis of the impact of tourism development on the urban-rural income gap: Evidence from 248 prefecture-level cities in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(6), 614-625.

Emotional solidarity and tourism effect on support for tourism development: Residents’ perception

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 125 - 134, 04.01.2024

Ebru Düşmezkalender , Cihan Seçilmiş , Veysel Yılmaz , Omar Youssef

https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1363574

Abstract

The present study employs a framework of residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists (e.g., welcoming nature, emotional closeness and sympathetic understanding), and tourism’s positive-negative impacts to understand residents’ support for tourism. The Research model was tested using a sample of 405 residents living in Alanya/Turkey. Data were collected using a face-to-face survey. Alternative models were used to test the theoretical structure of this study. The validity and credibility of the constructs were tested through confirmatory factor analysis, while its hypotheses were tested using path analysis. In Model 1, the dimensions of emotional solidarity and the positive and negative impacts of tourism and their direct effects on support for tourism were examined, and Model 2 showed results similar to those in Model 1. Results revealed that welcoming nature and sympathetic understanding had a positive effect on the positive impacts of tourism. However, emotional closeness did not affect the positive impacts associated with tourism. Regarding residents’ support, welcoming nature had the greatest positive effect on the support for tourism compared to other dimensions included in the framework of emotional solidarity, emotional closeness, and sympathetic understanding. The results of this study could enhance destination marketing managers when they need to understand residents’ support for tourism development.

Keywords

Emotional solidarity Tourism impacts Support for tourism Alanya Turkey

References

  • Aleshinloye, K. D., Woosnam, K. M., Erul, E., Suess, C., Kong, I & Boley, B. B. (2021). Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment?, Current Issues in Tourism, 24 (23), pp. 3372–3386. DOI:10.1080/13683500.2021.1881051.
  • Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C.A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (4), pp. 1056-1076.
  • Ap, J. (1992). Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19 (4), pp. 665-690.
  • Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 16 (1), pp. 74-94.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88 (3), pp. 588–606.
  • Boley, B. B., Strzelecka, M., & Woosnam, K. M. (2018). Resident perceptions of the economic benefits of tourism: Toward a common measure. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42 (8), pp. 1295-1314.
  • Choi, C., & Murray, I. (2010). Resident attitudes towards sustainable community tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18 (4), pp. 575–594.
  • Cooke, R., & Szumal, J. (1993). Measuring normative beliefs and shared behavioural expectations in organizations: The reliability and validity of the organizational culture inventory. Psychological Reports, 72, pp. 1299-1330.
  • Durkheim, E. (1995 [1915]). The Elementary Forms of The Religious Life, New York: Free Press.
  • Dyer, P., Gursoy, D., Sharma, B., & Carter, J. (2007). Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia. Tourism Management, 28 (2), pp. 409-422.
  • Erul, E., Woosnam, K. M., & McIntosh, W. A. (2020). Considering emotional solidarity and the Theory of Planned Behavior in explaining behavioral intentions to support tourism development. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28 (8), pp. 1158-1173.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), pp. 39-50.
  • Gu, M., & Wong, P. P. (2006). Residents’ perception of tourism impacts: A case study of homestay operators in Dachangshan Dao, North-East China. Tourism Geographies, 8, pp. 253-273.
  • Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), pp. 79-105.
  • Gursoy, D., Boğan, E., Dedeoğlu, B. B., & Çalışkan, C. (2019). Residents' perceptions of hotels' corporate social responsibilityinitiatives and its impact on residents' sentiments to community and support for additional tourism development. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 39, pp. 117-128.
  • Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2010). Locals’ attitudes toward mass and alternative tourism: The case of Sunshine Coast, Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 49 (3), pp. 381–394.
  • Gursoy, D., Ouyang, Z., Nunkoo, R., & Wei, W., (2019). Residents’ impact perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism development: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Hospıtality Marketing & Management, 28 (3), pp. 306-333.
  • Gursoy, D., & Rutherford, D. G. (2004). Host attitudes toward tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31 (3), pp. 495-516.
  • Hair, J., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th Edition, NJ: Prentice Hall. Hasani, A., Moghavvemi, S., & Hamzah, A. (2016). The impact of emotional solidarity on residents’ attitude and tourism development. PLOS ONE, 11 (6), 1-14.
  • Hayduk, L.A. (1987). Structural equation modeling with LISREL: Essentials and Advances. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Jaafar, M., Ismail, S., & Rasoolimanesh, M. S. (2015). Perceived social effects of tourism development: A case study of Kinabalu National Park. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 10 (2), pp. 5-20.
  • Joo, D., Tasci, A. D., Woosnam, K. M., Maruyama, N. U., Hollas, C. R., & Aleshinloye, K. D. (2018). Residents' attitude towards domestic tourists explained by contact, emotional solidarity and social distance. Tourism Management, 64, 245-257.
  • Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., & Williams, D. R. (1997). A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of travel research, 36(2), 3-11.
  • Khizindar, T. M. (2012). Effects of tourism on residents' quality of life in Saudi Arabia: An empirical study. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 21(6), 617-637.
  • Lai, I. K. W., & Hitchcock, M. (2017). Local reactions to mass tourism and community tourism development in Macau. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(4), 451-470.
  • Lan, T., Zheng, Z., Tian, D., Zhang, R., Law, R., & Zhang, M. (2021). Resident-tourist value co-creation in the intangible cultural heritage tourism context: The role of residents’ perception of tourism development and emotional solidarity. Sustainability, 13(3), 1369.
  • Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism management, 34, 37-46.
  • Li, S., Liu, M., & Wei, M. (2021). Host sincerity and tourist environmentally responsible behavior: The mediating role of tourists’ emotional solidarity with hosts. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100548.
  • Li, X., & Wan, Y. K. P. (2017). Residents’ support for festivals: Integration of emotional solidarity. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(4), 517-535.
  • McCool, S. F., & Martin, S. R. (1994). Community attachment and attitudes toward tourism development. Journal of Travel research, 32(3), 29-34.
  • Moghavvemi, S., Woosnam, K. M., Paramanathan, T., Musa, G., & Hamzah, A. (2017). The effect of residents’ personality, emotional solidarity, and community commitment on support for tourism development. Tourism Management, 63, 242-254.
  • Northcote, J., & Macbeth, J. (2005). Limitations of Resident Perception Surveys for Understanding Tourism Social Impacts The Need for Triangulation. Tourism Recreation Research, 30(2), 43-54.
  • Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011). Residents’ satisfaction with community attributes and support for tourism. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 35(2), 171-190.
  • Phuc, H. N., & Nguyen, H. M. (2023). The importance of collaboration and emotional solidarity in residents’ support for sustainable urban tourism: Case study Ho Chi Minh City. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(2), 245-264.
  • Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Jaafar, M. (2017). Sustainable tourism development and residents’ perceptions in World Heritage Site destinations. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(1), 34-48.
  • Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ringle, C. M., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2017). Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development. Tourism management, 60, 147-158.
  • Ribeiro, M. A., Woosnam, K. M., Pinto, P., & Silva, J. A. (2018). Tourists’ destination loyalty through emotional solidarity with residents: An integrative moderated mediation model. Journal of Travel Research, 57(3), 279-295.
  • Rivera, M., Croes, R., & Lee, S. H. (2016). Tourism development and happiness: A residents’ perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(1), 5-15.
  • Scott, J. E. (1995). The measurement of information systems effectiveness: evaluating a measuring instrument. ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 26(1), 43-61.
  • Soyak, C. (2003). Alanya'da turizm ve kentsel mekânlar. Akdeniz Kültürleri Araştırma Derneği.
  • Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E. M. (2014). Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism management, 45, 260-274.
  • Stylidis, D., Woosnam, K. M., & Ivkov, M. (2020). Tourists’ emotional solidarity with residents: A segmentation analysis and its links to destination image and loyalty. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 17, 100458.
  • Van Maanen, J. E., & Schein, E. H. (1977). Toward a theory of organizational socialization.
  • Staw, B. M., & Sutton, R. I. (Eds.). (2000). Research in organizational behavior. Elsevier.
  • Wang, S., Berbekova, A., & Uysal, M. (2021). Is this about feeling? The interplay of emotional well-being, solidarity, and residents’ attitude. Journal of Travel Research, 60(6), 1180-1195.
  • Wang, Y., & Pfister, R. E. (2008). Residents' attitudes toward tourism and perceived personal benefits in a rural community. Journal of Travel Research, 47(1), 84-93.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Norman, W. C., & Ying, T. (2009). Exploring the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity between residents and tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 48(2), 245-258.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Norman, W. C., & Ying, T. (2009). Exploring the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity between residents and tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 48(2), 245-258.
  • Woosnam, K. M., & Norman, W. C. (2010). Measuring residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists: Scale development of Durkheim’s theoretical constructs. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 365-380.
  • Woosnam, K. M. (2011). Testing a model of Durkheim’s theory of emotional solidarity among residents of a tourism community. Journal of Travel Research, 50(5), 546-558.
  • Woosnam, K. M. (2012). Using emotional solidarity to explain residents’ attitudes about tourism and tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 315-327.
  • Woosnam, K. M., & Aleshinloye, K. D. (2013). Can tourists experience emotional solidarity with residents? Testing Durkheim’s model from a new perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 52(4), 494-505.
  • Woosnam, K. M., Aleshinloye, K. D., Van Winkle, C. M., & Qian, W. (2014). Applying and expanding the theoretical framework of emotional solidarity in a festival context. Event Management, 18(2), 141-151.
  • Yu, C. P., Cole, S. T., & Chancellor, C. (2018). Resident support for tourism development in rural midwestern (USA) communities: Perceived tourism impacts and community quality of life perspective. Sustainability, 10(3), 802.
  • Zaei, M. E., & Zaei, M. E. (2013). The impacts of tourism industry on host community. European journal of tourism hospitality and research, 1(2), 12-21.
  • Zaman, U., & Aktan, M. (2021). Examining residents’ cultural intelligence, place image and foreign tourist attractiveness: A mediated-moderation model of support for tourism development in Cappadocia (Turkey). Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 393-404.
  • Zhang, M., Zhang, G., & Liu, H. (2021). Analysis of the impact of tourism development on the urban-rural income gap: Evidence from 248 prefecture-level cities in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(6), 614-625.
There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Peer-reviewed Articles
Authors

Ebru Düşmezkalender 0000-0001-6197-1394

Cihan Seçilmiş 0000-0001-6781-0997

Veysel Yılmaz 0000-0001-5147-5047

Omar Youssef 0000-0002-9530-6090

Publication Date January 4, 2024
Submission Date September 20, 2023
Acceptance Date November 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Düşmezkalender, E., Seçilmiş, C., Yılmaz, V., Youssef, O. (2024). Emotional solidarity and tourism effect on support for tourism development: Residents’ perception. Journal of Tourism Leisure and Hospitality, 5(2), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1363574
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